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  • 2000-2004  (4)
  • 1950-1954
  • locus of control  (2)
  • metastatic breast cancer  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liarozole Fumarate (R85246): In the Treatment of ER Negative, Tamoxifen Refractory or Chemotherapy Resistant Postmenopausal Metastatic Breast Cancer (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 64 (2000), S. 177-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: aromatase inhibitor ; hormone independent ; liarozole ; metastatic breast cancer ; RAMBA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three phase II studies were conducted to determine the efficacy and tolerability of liarozole fumarate (R85246; liarozole), a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA) and aromatase inhibitor. Additionally, animal experiments in the MNU-induced rat mammary tumor model and in immature ovariectomized rats were conducted to further elucidate liarozole's mechanisms of action. Patients were postmenopausal with either: ER negative disease in first relapse (Group 1; n = 16); ER positive or unknown disease refractory to tamoxifen (Group 2; n = 16); ER positive, negative or unknown disease resistant or refractory to chemotherapy (Group 3; n = 27). Treatment was liarozole (150–300 mg) twice daily orally until disease progression. Response rates were: 25% in group 1 (95% CI 11.0–52.3%; median duration (MD) 20 months; range 2–36.5); 25% in group 2 (95% CI 11.0–52.3%; MD 6.5 months; range 3.5–38); 11% in group 3 (95% CI 4.2–29.2%; MD 7 months; range 3–8.5). No significant improvement in quality of life scores (FLI-C) was noted. Toxicities observed were predominantly dermatological (skin disorders: 88%; dry mouth/eyes/lips: 69%). Plasma estradiol decreased from mean pre-treatment levels of 72.7 pM (9.1–1839 pM) to below detection (9.2 pM) after 1 month. Liarozole, but not vorozole, partially inhibited estradiol induced uterine hypertrophy and demonstrated dose-dependent anti-tumor effects in the rats, only partially overcome by coadministration of estradiol. The clinical responses observed, together with our preclinical results, confirm liarozole's dual mechanism of action and provide a rationale for further evaluation of RAMBAs in the treatment of breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006480504790
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liarozole fumarate (R85246): a novel imidazole in the treatment of receptor positive postmenopausal metastatic breast cancer (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 59 (2000), S. 55-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: liarozole ; metastatic breast cancer ; postmenopausal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This phase II study of liarozole fumarate (R85246, liarozole), a novel imidazole with retinomimetic and aromatase inhibitory effects, was designed to determine the efficacy and tolerability in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer in progression, to correlate these effects with hormonal levels, and to evaluate quality of life. Twenty-nine women with ER-positive or unknown metastatic disease who received ≥ 2 prior hormonal therapies were treated with 150–300 mg liarozole twice daily until disease progression. All patients were evaluable for toxicity and 25 for response. Four patients (16.0%, 95% CI 5.3–37.4%) had partial remission (PR) of their disease for a median of 7.4 months (range 1.2–12.9) and 7 (28%) had disease stabilization for a median of 4.8 months (1.6–16.0). Estradiol decreased from pre-treatment levels of 9.2–52 pM (mean 17.1) to below detection (9.2 pM, p=0.0005) after 1 month. Similarly estrone levels fell from 14–307 pM (mean 92.7) to below detection (9.2 pM, p=0.0001). The most common toxicity was dermatological (96.6%) with features compatible with hypervitaminosis A syndrome such as rash, pruritus, dry skin, and brittle nails. The majority of these were mild to moderate in severity. No significant improvement in quality of life scores (FLI-C) were noted. Liarozole is an active new treatment for breast cancer in patients heavily pre-treated with hormone therapies. Further studies are needed to confirm its relative efficacy in both receptor positive and negative postmenopausal breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006320122711
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Faculty Stressors, Job Satisfaction, and Psychological Distress Among University Teachers in Hong Kong: The Role of Locus of Control (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of stress management 7 (2000), S. 121-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3424
    Keywords: faculty stressors ; psychological distress ; locus of control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The study aimed at identifying the sources of stress, and investigating their effects on job satisfaction and psychological distress among 106 university teachers (86 males, 20 females) from four tertiary institutes in Hong Kong. Another purpose of the study was to examine the moderating effect of locus of control on stressor-strain relationships. A factor analysis of the faculty stressors revealed six factors: recognition, perceived organizational practices, factors intrinsic to teaching, financial inadequacy, home/work interface, and new challenge. A series of stepwise multiple regressions demonstrated that recognition, perceived organizational practices, and financial inadequacy were best predictors of job satisfaction, whereas perceived organizational practices and home/work interface were the best predictors of psychological distress. Further, external locus of control was associated with low job satisfaction and psychological distress. A series of hierarchical moderated regressions demonstrated a moderating effect of locus of control on some of the stressor-strain relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009584202196
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Managerial Stress, Locus of Control, and Job Strain in Taiwan and UK: A Comparative Study (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of stress management 7 (2000), S. 209-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3424
    Keywords: managerial stress ; cross-cultural comparisons ; locus of control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract This study investigated managerial stress in Taiwan and UK using the Occupational Stress Indicator-2 (OSI-2) and the Work Locus of Control (WLCS) scale. Results showed that the reliability and validity of the measures used were acceptable and comparable in the two samples. There were similarities as well as differences in managerial stress in the two countries. “Recognition” and “Managerial role” were important predictors of strain for the Chinese managers, whereas “Relationships,” “Organizational climate,” and “Personal responsibility” were important predictors of strain for UK managers. There were consistent moderating (vulnerability) effects of internal control for the Taiwanese managers. Results corroborated some previous studies conducted in the West. However, caution was also suggested for generalizing Western-originated concepts and theories across cultural boundaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009518315691
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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