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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OML - a three-year perspective (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    OCLC systems & services 16 (2000), S. 24-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-075X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Information Science and Librarianship
    Notes: Passport for Windows (PFW) and OCLC Macro Language (OML) are a library software combination that is hard to beat in terms of power and flexibility. PFW provides a desktop where multiple telecommunications (usually telnet) sessions can exist simultaneously, and the OML permits programmatic control and automation of tasks in any individual session as well as data sharing between different sessions. The fact that an entire programming language is available to the OML macro writer is what gives PFW the ability to seemingly work "magic" literally at the touch of a key, especially through the use of conditional logic for automated decision-making. Not only is OML available in OCLC's PFW product, but slight variants are available in OCLC's Cataloging MicroEnhancer and ILL MicroEnhancer products as well. Although the pros of OML far outnumber the cons, there exist some downside issues (documentation, networkability, differences between products) which sometimes make macro writing and use by staff more difficult than it needs to be. In the end, though, all the efforts are worth it, because, by using PFW/OML macros, automation can do what it is good at, thereby giving staff the time and opportunity to do what they are good at.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650750010313918
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperglycaemia-induced subcellular redistribution of GLUT1 glucose transporters in cultured human term placental trophoblast cells (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords GLUT1, translocation, glucose, transport, hyperglycaemia, diabetes, trophoblast, placenta, pregnancy, electron microscopy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. We have recently shown that hyperglycaemia down-regulates the GLUT1 glucose transport system of term placental trophoblast. The reduction in GLUT1 protein alone was, however, not sufficient to explain the decrease in net glucose uptake, suggesting additional mechanisms. Therefore, we hypothesised that hyperglycaemia in vitro leads to a GLUT1 translocation from the trophoblast surface to intracellular sites.¶Methods. This was tested in our study by determining the subcellular distribution of GLUT1 in human term placental trophoblast (n = 5 placentas) cultured for 48 h with 5 compared with 25 mmol/l d-glucose in vitro using immunogold labelling.¶Results. Electron microscopic examination of cell profiles showed that 73 % of total GLUT1 molecules reside in the trophoblast plasma membrane under basal conditions. The reduced GLUT1 expression (–20 %; p 〈 0.05) after culture of the cells with 25 mmol/l glucose was accompanied by an internalisation of plasma membrane GLUT1, resulting in a loss of 40 % (p 〈 0.05) in cell surface transporter labelling. Western blotting identified a characteristically broad band between 55–65 kDa, confirming the specificity of the GLUT1 antiserum.¶Conclusion/interpretation. We postulate that in addition to down-regulating human GLUT1 protein concentrations, glucose exerts its autoregulatory effect on hexose transport in term placental trophoblast by altering GLUT1 partitioning between the plasma membrane and intracellular sites in favour of the latter. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 173–180]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial-domain cavity ringdown from a high-finesse plane Fabry–Perot cavity (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 582-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigate the optical transmission of a tilted plane Fabry–Perot cavity leading to spatial cavity ringdown, the exponentially decaying intensity output present along the transverse spatial coordinate. Primary features of the spatial cavity ringdown are theoretically predicted from the spectral and spatial cavity transfer function which is derived analytically on the combined basis of ray optics and diffraction theory applied to an ideal diffraction lossless cavity of one transverse dimension. Spatial frequency filtration by a narrow Lorentzian-shaped cavity resonance is shown to play key roles on the spatial aspects of transmitted beam profiles. Our theoretical formulation is further extended to the case of wedged plane Fabry–Perot cavities. The experimental observation of spatial cavity ringdown signals exhibits an excellent agreement with the theoretical prediction. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1425443
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-density plasma-induced etch damage of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well light-emitting diodes (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1189-1194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Plasma-induced damage of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been studied in terms of forward turn-on and reverse breakdown voltages, together with etch rate and surface morphology. The physical degradation of sidewall along with rough surface morphology of n–GaN caused by increased ion scattering induced the deterioration of the forward and reverse voltages. The forward turn-on voltage was relatively independent of the pressure up to 20 mTorr. The reverse breakdown voltage showed the worst degradation at 75% Cl2 mainly because of a sidewall contamination. It was found that the turn-on voltage is sensitive to the surface roughness of the etched n–GaN and the breakdown voltage is strongly affected by the sidewall contamination. Annealing under nitrogen after the mesa etching improved the electrical properties of the InGaN/GaN MQW LEDs. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1491585
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interface contribution to giant magnetoresistance in granular AgFe studied with Mössbauer spectroscopy (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 4212-4215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetotransport properties of granular thin AgFe films, prepared by codeposition of the constituent metals in an ultrahigh vacuum have been investigated. Mössbauer spectroscopy was employed to investigate the role of scattering of conduction electrons at the interface between the magnetic Fe particles and the Ag matrix. It is possible to determine the ratio of Fe atoms located at the Ag/Fe interface and in the particles (bulk atoms). The giant magnetoresistance effect correlates with the ratio of interface/bulk atoms. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289232
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mucosal Production of Antigastric Autoantibodies in Helicobacter pylori Gastritis (2000)
    Boston, MA, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 5 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. Apart form bacterial virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori, certain host factors influence the pathogenesis of H. pylori gastritis. In particular, antigastric autoantibodies that are detectable in the sera of a substantial proportion of H. pylori were shown to correlate with the development of gastric atrophy. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible antigastric autoimmune response in H. pylori gastritis at the site where the action is, i.e., in the gastric mucosa.Material and Methods. Gastric biopsy specimens from antrum and corpus mucosa of 24 H. pylori–infected and of 33 noninfected patients were cultured for 3 days, and tissue culture supernatants were analyzed for the amount of locally produced IgA and IgG. Antigastric autoantibodies were screened in the sera and in the supernatants by means of immunohistochemistry.Results. The infected patients had significantly higher concentrations of locally produced IgA, whereas the IgG concentrations were virtually the same in infected and noninfected patients. IgG or IgA antigastric autoantibodies, or both, were detectable only in the sera (38%) and supernatants (17%) of infected patients. Interestingly, the patient with the strongest local autoimmune response showed body-predominant H. pylori gastritis, with destruction of gastric glands and atrophy of the body mucosa.Conclusions. These results demonstrate that antigastric autoimmune reactions are detectable at the site of the disease and might be relevant for the pathogenesis of gastric mucosa atrophy in H. pylori gastritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2000.00020.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eradication of H. pylori with Pantoprazole, Clarithromycin, and Metronidazole in Duodenal Ulcer Patients: A Head-to-Head Comparison Between Two Regimens of Different Duration (2000)
    Boston, MA, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 5 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. The study was conducted to compare the efficacy and tolerability of two pantoprazole-based triple therapies of different length in the eradication of H. pylori.Methods. In this double-blind, multicenter parallel group comparison, H. pylori-positive patients were randomly assigned to either the PCM-7 group (7 days of pantoprazole 40 mg bid, clarithromycin 500 mg bid, metronidazole 500 mg bid) or the PCM-14 m group (modified 14 day therapy of the same regimen with metronidazole only given for 10 days due to labeling reasons). H. pylori status was determined by urease test, histology, culture, and 13C-urea breath test. Treatment outcome was assessed 6 weeks after intake of the last study medication.Results. The following eradication rates were achieved: for PCM-7 in the MITT population 83% (89/107), in the PP population 84% (81/97); for PCM-14 m in MITT 87% (92/106), in PP 88% (91/104). Ulcer healing rates were: for PCM-7 in MITT population 99% (106/107), in the PP population 99% (96/97); for PCM-14 m in MITT 99% (105/106), in PP 99% (103/104). Gastrointestinal symptoms and gastritis scores decreased in both treatment groups. Equivalence of treatment regimens could be proven for all populations. In total, 64 patients reported adverse events. Five serious adverse events occurred, all unrelated to the study medication.Conclusion. The two pantoprazole-based triple therapies tested in this study are equally effective in H. pylori eradication, ulcer healing and relief from ulcer pain. It is concluded that 7 days of triple therapy are generally sufficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2000.00006.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Understanding Why Contrast Enhancement in Dynamic MRI Is Not Reproducible: Illustration with a Simple Phantom (2001)
    Boston, MA, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    The @breast journal 7 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-4741
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The goal of this work was to verify in a phantom study the necessity of a calibration method for comparison in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. A perspex phantom with a dilution series of Gd-DTPA was used to measure the dynamic signal enhancement of a sequence. With nine MRI scanners from Bruker (0.23, 0.5, and 2 Tesla), Philips [0.5 and 1.5 Tesla (ACS-NT and S15)], and Siemens (0.2, 1.0, and 1.5 Tesla) one 2D FLASH and two 3D FLASH experiments were performed under identical measurement conditions. Under different measurement conditions (2D and 3D FLASH, TR, TE, FA) different characteristics in signal enhancement exist on a scanner. The same measurement conditions at different scanners (same magnetic field strength) also result in different signal enhancement. Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI examinations from different measurement conditions or scanners cannot be compared. To solve this problem a calibration is needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4741.2001.007003166.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential High-Dose Alkylating Therapy and Stem Cell Support for High-Risk Stage III Breast Cancer (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    The @breast journal 9 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-4741
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  Patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer and have four or more ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes involved at surgery are at high risk for recurrence, with a median time to relapse of 18 months. We offered such patients high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue. Patients received cyclophosphamide or paclitaxel and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize stem cells. Melphalan 140 mg/m2 was then given with stem cell rescue. Twenty-four to 35 days later, thiotepa 900 mg/m2 was given with stem cell rescue. Patients with hormone receptor-positive tumors received tamoxifen. We treated 14 patients in this fashion from 1995 to 1998. The mean age was 46.7 years. The majority of cancers were stage IIIB (79%). Thirteen women underwent mastectomy after anthracycline-containing chemotherapy and 50% had more than seven positive lymph nodes. Hospitalization was principally for neutropenic fever. Other morbidities were pneumonitis, cardiomyopathy, and grade 3/4 white blood cell (WBC) toxicity. No patient died of a treatment-related complication. Seven of 14 relapsed at 10, 12, 〈15, 15, 17, 21, and 36 months, with median follow-up of 26.5 months. Time to relapse in this small series is only modestly improved over historical experience with standard-dose adjuvant chemotherapy. Alternative strategies for treating locally advanced breast cancer should be pursued. 
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4741.2003.09604.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defibrillation Efficacy and Pain Perception of Two Biphasic Waveforms for Internal Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction: We evaluated the influence of the peak voltage of waveforms used for internal cardioversion of atrial fibrillation on defibrillation efficacy and pain perception. A low peak voltage biphasic waveform generated by a 500-μF capacitor with 40% tilt was compared to a standard biphasic waveform generated by a 60-μF capacitor with 80% tilt. Methods and Results: In 19 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (79% male, age 55 ± 11 years, 21% with heart disease), the atrial defibrillation threshold (ADFT) was determined during deep sedation with midazolam for both waveforms in a randomized fashion using a step-up protocol. Internal cardioversion with a single lead (shock vector: coronary sinus to right atrium) was successful in 18 (95%) of 19 patients. ADFT energy and peak voltage were significantly lower for the low-voltage waveform (2.1 ± 2.4 J vs 3.5 ± 3.9 J, P 〈 0.01; 100 ± 53 V vs 290 ± 149 V, P 〈 0.01). Sedation then was reversed with flumazenil after ADFT testing. Two shocks at the ADFT (or a 3-J shock if ADFT 〉3 J) were administered to the patient using each waveform in random order. Pain perception was assessed using both a visual scale and a numerical score. ADFTs were above the pain threshold in 17 (94%) of 18 patients, even though the ADFT with the 500-μF waveform was 〈100 V in 63% of the patients. Pain perception was comparable for both waveforms (numerical score: 6.5 ± 2.4 vs 6.3 ± 2.6; visual scale: 5.4 ± 2.6 vs 5.2 ± 3.1; P = NS, 500-μF vs 60-μF). The second shock was perceived as more painful in 88% of the patients, independent of the waveform used. Conclusion: Despite a 66% lower peak voltage and a 40% lower energy, the 40% tilt, 500-μF capacitor biphasic waveform did not change the pain perceived by the patient during delivery of internal cardioversion shocks. Pain perception for internal cardioversion probably is not influenced by peak voltage alone and increases with the number of applied shocks. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 837-840, August 2003)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.02557.x
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