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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords GLUT1, translocation, glucose, transport, hyperglycaemia, diabetes, trophoblast, placenta, pregnancy, electron microscopy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. We have recently shown that hyperglycaemia down-regulates the GLUT1 glucose transport system of term placental trophoblast. The reduction in GLUT1 protein alone was, however, not sufficient to explain the decrease in net glucose uptake, suggesting additional mechanisms. Therefore, we hypothesised that hyperglycaemia in vitro leads to a GLUT1 translocation from the trophoblast surface to intracellular sites.¶Methods. This was tested in our study by determining the subcellular distribution of GLUT1 in human term placental trophoblast (n = 5 placentas) cultured for 48 h with 5 compared with 25 mmol/l d-glucose in vitro using immunogold labelling.¶Results. Electron microscopic examination of cell profiles showed that 73 % of total GLUT1 molecules reside in the trophoblast plasma membrane under basal conditions. The reduced GLUT1 expression (–20 %; p 〈 0.05) after culture of the cells with 25 mmol/l glucose was accompanied by an internalisation of plasma membrane GLUT1, resulting in a loss of 40 % (p 〈 0.05) in cell surface transporter labelling. Western blotting identified a characteristically broad band between 55–65 kDa, confirming the specificity of the GLUT1 antiserum.¶Conclusion/interpretation. We postulate that in addition to down-regulating human GLUT1 protein concentrations, glucose exerts its autoregulatory effect on hexose transport in term placental trophoblast by altering GLUT1 partitioning between the plasma membrane and intracellular sites in favour of the latter. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 173–180]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Within the DEKORP project (DEKORP: Deutsches Kontinentales Reflexionsseismisches Programm) a joint deep seismic reflection venture with the BELCORP (Belgian Continental Reflection Seismic Programme) group of the Belgian Geological Survey was carried out in 1987 across the Rhenish Massif, a part of the mid-European Variscides. This orogenic belt developed in the Upper Devonian/Carboniferous. Mostly Devonian rocks crop out at the surface. The Rhenish Massif is bordered by two sedimentary troughs: the sub-Variscan Foredeep in the north and the Permo-Carboniferous Saar-Nahe Basin in the south. In the east-west direction it is subdivided by the axial depression of the Eifel Nord-Süd Zone.The aim of the survey which totals almost 220 km of seismic profiling, was to investigate the crustal structure of the western part of the Rhenish Massif and to compare it with the line DEKORP 2-N which crosses the eastern portion of the massif. The results indicate the presence of NW-vergent tectonics of various styles that can often be traced down to deep parts of the crust. Horizontal Variscan compression plays a dominant role in the northern part while post-Variscan extension seems to dominate in the Saar-Nahe Basin, although even there traces of Variscan compression seem to be preserved in the middle crust. Common characteristics of the pre-Palaeozoic basement, differences between the western and eastern parts of the Rhenish Massif, and the deep extension of the Aachen Thrust (Faille du Midi) have been clearly observed. This prominent thrust in the north with its characteristic ramp and flat structure has been followed over 100 km length down
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 28 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The observation of shear waves is finding more interest in seismic exploration, especially for the determination of additional lithologic parameters, e.g. Vp/Vs. We demonstrate the observation of converted waves in routine seismic work by means of horizontal geophones. Field technique and data processing permit acquisition and interpretation of converted waves in connection with routine seismic measurements. A special interpretation of the recorded converted waves results in the shear wave velocity and the Vp/Vs relation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 19 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: At the EAEG meeting in Venice (May 1969) Linsser presented a new method for the interpretation of seismic measurements (“Transformation of Seismic Data into Geological Models by Digital Template Analysis”). First results were presented during the S.E.G. convention in Calgary (September 1969). Meanwhile some experience concerning the possibility of the application of this method is available.Starting from the fact that the computer is able to store several physical parameters (amplitude, wave-length, direction of the seismic event, coincidence with a template and the beginning and the end of each reflection), the importance of these data for the investigation of special geophysical questions will be discussed.This method has been tested with several examples on the following problems:〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉1Proving and exact localisation of faults.2Investigation of velocities of interesting layers.3Additional information for the geological interpretation of seismic sections.4Picking of weak reflections in the “Pre-Zechsteinian” in Northern Germany.Finally the possibilities of further applications and developments are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Optics and Laser Technology 19 (1987), S. 40-44 
    ISSN: 0030-3992
    Keywords: biological structures ; laser-induced breakdown ; lasers ; shockwaves
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 42 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Activated platelets have been shown previously to exhibit membrane-bound IL-1 bioactivity, which leads to the question of localization of the cytokine in platelets. Using immunocytological and flow cytometric techniques, we found IL-la and IL-Iβ in the cytoplasma of both resting and thrombin-activated platelets. Immunogold-silver staining of the cell surface of activated platelets as well as pre-embedding antibody treatment of platelets revealed the presence of IL-1 (α and β) in low density on the surface of intact cells in contrast to distinct enrichment in the cytoplasma of damaged platelets. Fibrin fibres present between cells indicated adsorbance of IL-1. There was also weak binding of anti-IL-1α to the surface of thrombin-activated platelets as shown by flow cytometry. Following activation there appears to be some transfer of IL-1 onto the cell surface of activated cells, the bulk of the cytokine, however, is probably not released prior to platelet disintegration. In summary, we present evidence for the presence of both IL-1α and IL-1β in resting and activated platelets without being able to demonstrate localization of the cytokines to specific subcellular structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 78 (1989), S. 21-48 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Deep seismic became increasingly important for the interpretation of large geologic structures and the discussion of the geologic history of such complexes within the last decades. Deep reflection seismic work — first started in the fifties — has reached a high standard which enables the geoscientist to recognize details of the earth's crust down to the Moho. Beginning with a brief historic review the significance of deep seismic work is demonstrated by studying the subsurface of the Northwest-German Basin. This gives an example for the interpretation of deep seismic results in combination with other geophysical methods and the way to find out the history, configuration and hydrocarbon-prospectivity of a large basin. It is also the basis for basin modelling. Results from other deep seismic research programs — COCORP, BIRPS, ECORS — are given as demonstration of the seismic information in different geologic problems. A short reference to new seismic developments such as the application of shear-waves, the identification of lithological parameters from seismic records and their significance for future deep seismic research gives the conclusion of this paper.
    Abstract: Résumé Au cours des dernières décades, la sismique profonde a pris une importance de plus en plus grande dans l'identification des structures géologiques à grande échelle et dans l'interprétation de leur genèse. La méthode de sismique-réflexion, dont l'utilisation a commencé dans les années 50, permet aujourd'hui de reconnaître des détails dans la croûte terrestre jusqu'à la profondeur du Moho. Pour montrer l'intérêt des investigations sismiques profondes, l'auteur prend l'exemple du sous-sol du bassin de l'Allemagne nord-occidentale. Il s'agit d'un cas démonstratif dans lequel l'interprétation de résultats sismiques profonds combinés à ceux d'autres méthodes géophysiques a permis d'expliciter l'histoire, la configuration et le potentiel en hydrocarbure d'un bassin de grande dimension. C'est sur la même méthode qu'est basée la modélisation des bassins. Les résultats obtenus dans d'autres programmes sismiques — COCORP, BIRPS, ECORS — illustrent l'intérêt de ces méthodes dans des problèmes géologiques divers. En conclusion, l'auteur mentionne brèvement certains développements récents de l'investigation sismique, tels que l'utilisation des ondes transversales, la détermination de paramètres lithologiques et leur signification dans la perspective des recherches futures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurden tiefenseismische Untersuchungen ein immer wichtigeres Hilfsmittel, um großräumige geologische Strukturen und deren Entstehung zu interpretieren. Die Methode der Tiefen-Reflexionsseismik, die ihre Ursprünge in den fünfziger Jahren hat, ermöglicht Geowissenschaftlern heute detailgenaue Studien der Kruste bis in den Bereich der »Moho«-Diskontinuität. Die Bedeutung und Geschichte der Tiefenseismik wird anhand eines Beispieles aus dem Untergrund des Nordwestdeutschen Beckens erläutert. Damit wird exemplarisch die Interpretation der Entwicklung, des Aufbaus und des Kohlenwasserstoff-Potentials eines großen Beckens mittels tiefenseismischer Ergebnisse, die durch weitere geophysikalische Meßmethoden ergänzt werden, dargestellt. Tiefenseismologie dient außerdem als Grundlage für Becken-Modelle. Beispiele der Ergebnisse anderer tiefenseismischen Forschungsprogramme — COCORP, BIRPS und ECORS — geben seismische Informationen zu unterschiedlichen Fragestellungen der Geologie. Den Abschluß bilden Hinweise auf jüngste Entwicklungen im Bereich der Seismologie wie die Anwendung von Scherwellen, das Identifizieren lithologischer Parameter mit Hilfe von seismischen Daten und die Bedeutung dieser Entwicklung für die zukünftige seismologische Forschung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 46 (1957), S. 17-26 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 145-148 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Gegenwärtig werden drei immunologische Mechanismen diskutiert, die eine erfolgreiche Schwangerschaft ermöglichen könnten: 1. Fehlende allogene Erkennung des Embryo, entweder weil keine väterlichen Alloantigene exprimiert sind, oder weil deren allogene Wirkung zu gering ist. 2. Lokale Immunsuppression durch hormonell induzierte Suppressorzellen in der Dezidua und durch Substanzen, die von der Plazenta abgegeben werden, und 3. die Plazenta wirkt als immunologische Barriere und filtert potentiell cytotoxische Immuneffektoren, aus der mütterlichen Zirkulation bevor sie den eigentlichen Feten erreichen.
    Notes: Summary Three possibilities are discussed for the immunological mechanisms which may be operative in establishing and maintaining a successful grafting of a semiallogenic embryo: (1) The lack of maternal allogenic recognition due to either the absence or a decreased alloantigenicity of paternal alloantigens (HLA). (2) The local suppression of maternal immune reactions against the embryo by hormonally induced decidual suppressor cells and by molecules released from the placenta. (3) The placenta may serve as an immunological barrier, filtering potentially cytotoxic cells and molecules out of the maternal circulation before they reach the fetus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 161-162 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Expression von HLA-Antigenen an polyploiden menschlichen Präimplantationsembryonen aus einem In-vitro-Fertilisationsprogramm wurde mit Hilfe einer Reihe von monoklonalen Antikörpern unter Verwendung des indirekten Immunfluoreszenztests untersucht. Weder HLA-Klasse-I-Antigene und β-MiKroglobulin, noch HLA-Klasse-II-Moleküle konnten an den Blastomeren und der Zona pellucida nachgewiesen werden. Daraus wird geschlossen, daß das Fehlen von HLA-Antigenen an Präimplantationsembryonen einer der Mechanismen für die Akzeptanz des Embryos durch die immunkompetente Mutter ist.
    Notes: Summary The expression of HLA antigens on polyploid human preimplantation embryos, obtained in an in vitro fertilization program, was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence test using a panel of well-defined monoclonal antibodies. Neither HLA class I antigens and β-microglobulin, nor HLA class II molecules could be detected on blastomeres and the zona pellucida. It is supposed that the absence of HLA antigens on human preimplantation embryos may be one of the mechanisms important for the acceptance of the embryo by the immunocompetent mother.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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