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  • 2000-2004  (14)
  • 1925-1929  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical and economic choices in anaesthesia for day surgery: A prospective randomised controlled trial (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We compared the cost-effectiveness of general anaesthetic agents in adult and paediatric day surgery populations. We randomly assigned 1063 adult and 322 paediatric elective patients to one of four (adult) or two (paediatric) anaesthesia groups. Total costs were calculated from individual patient resource use to 7 days post discharge. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were expressed as cost per episode of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) avoided. In adults, variable secondary care costs were higher for propofol induction and propofol maintenance (propofol/propofol; p 〈 0.01) than other groups and lower in propofol induction and isoflurane maintenance (propofol/isoflurane; p 〈 0.01). In both studies, predischarge PONV was higher if sevoflurane/sevoflurane (p 〈 0.01) was used compared with use of propofol for induction. In both studies, there was no difference in postdischarge outcomes at Day 7. Sevoflurane/sevoflurane was more costly with higher PONV rates in both studies. In adults, the cost per extra episode of PONV avoided was £296 (propofol/propofol vs. propofol/ sevoflurane) and £333 (propofol/sevoflurane vs. propofol/isoflurane).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03125.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The management of pain following day-case surgery (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The object of this study was to assess patients' experience of pain management following day surgery. One hundred and two patients agreed to take part in a telephone survey, 2 and 4 days following day surgery. The majority of patients (73%) were broadly satisfied with the quality of pain management they received, however, there was room for improvement. Despite modern anaesthesia and surgery, 17% of patients surveyed reported having severe pain immediately following day-case surgery. The majority (82%) of patients left the day-case ward in pain and an even higher proportion (88%) had pain at some time between 2 and 4 days postoperatively. Severe levels of pain following discharge from hospital were a concern for 21% of patients. It was reported that day-case staff did not always ask patients whether they were in pain. Communication with patients is vital in the delivery of optimal care. More support and more information are needed to manage patients' pain effectively, whilst in the day-case wards and also following discharge, at home.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2002.2366_2.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 414 (2001), S. 782-787 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Changes in human behaviour and lifestyle over the last century have resulted in a dramatic increase in the incidence of diabetes worldwide. The epidemic is chiefly of type 2 diabetes and also the associated conditions known as 'diabesity' and 'metabolic syndrome'. In conjunction with genetic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/414782a
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular calcium during fatigue of cane toad skeletal muscle in the absence of glucose (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 21 (2000), S. 481-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mechanisms of fatigue were studied in single muscle fibres of the cane toad (Bufo marinus) in which force, intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), [Mg2+]i, glycogen and the rapidly releasable Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) were measured. Fatigue was produced by repeated tetani continued until force had fallen to 50%. Two patterns of fatigue in the absence of glucose were studied. In the first fatigue run force fell to 50% in 8–10 min. Fatigue runs were then repeated until force fell to 50% in 〈3 min in the final fatigue run. Addition of extracellular glucose after the final fatigue run prolonged a subsequent fatigue run. In the first fatigue run peak tetanic [Ca2+]i initially increased and then declined and at the time when force had fallen to 50% tetanic [Ca2+]i was 54 ± 5% of initial value. In the final fatigue run force and peak tetanic [Ca2+]i declined more rapidly but to the same level as in first fatigue runs. At the end of the first fatigue run, the rapidly releasable SR Ca2+ store fell to 46 ± 6% of the pre-fatigue value. At the end of the final fatigue run the rapidly releasable SR Ca2+ store was 109 ± 16% of the pre-fatigue value. In unstimulated fibres the nonwashable glycogen content was 176 ± 30 mmol glycosyl units/l fibre. After one fatigue run the glycogen content was 117 ± 17 mmol glycosyl units/l fibre; at the end of the final fatigue run the glycogen content was reduced to 85 ± 9 mmol glycosyl units/l fibre. [Mg2+]i did not change significantly at the end of fatigue in either the first or the final fatigue run suggesting that globally-averaged ATP does not decline substantially in either pattern of fatigue. These results suggest that different mechanisms are involved in the decline of tetanic [Ca2+]i in first compared to final fatigue runs. The SR Ca2+ store is reduced in first fatigue runs; this is not the case for the final fatigue run which is associated with a decline in glycogen and possibly related to either a non-metabolic effect of glycogen or a spatially-localised metabolic decline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005650425513
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computer simulation study of the static structure and dynamic properties of liquid C60 using Girifalco's potential (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 10711-10713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using Girifalco's potential to describe the interaction between two C60 molecules, we performed computer simulations to analyze the static structure and dynamic properties of liquid C60, and calculated its diffusion constant and shear viscosity. Our dynamical calculations predict that this yet-unobserved liquid does not support collective phenomena. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481714
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Translational diffusion of fluorescent probes on a sphere: Monte Carlo simulations, theory, and fluorescence anisotropy experiment (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 8502-8514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Translational diffusion of fluorescent molecules on curved surfaces (micelles, vesicles, and proteins) depolarizes the fluorescence. A Monte Carlo simulation method was developed to obtain the fluorescence anisotropy decays for the general case of molecular dipoles tilted at an angle α to the surface normal. The method is used to obtain fluorescence anisotropy decay due to diffusion of tilted dipoles on a spherical surface, which matched well with the exact solution for the sphere. The anisotropy decay is a single exponential for α=0°, a double exponential for α=90°, and three exponentials for intermediate angles. The slower decay component(s) for α≠0 arise due to the geometric phase factor. Although the anisotropy decay equation contains three exponentials, there are only two parameters, namely α and the rate constant, Dtr/R2, where Dtr is the translational diffusion coefficient and R is the radius of the sphere. It is therefore possible to determine the orientation angle and translational diffusion coefficient from the experimental fluorescence anisotropy data. This method was applied in interpreting the fluorescence anisotropy decay of Nile red in SDS micelles. It is necessary, however, to include two other independent mechanisms of fluorescence depolarization for molecules intercalated in micelles. These are the wobbling dynamics of the molecule about the molecular long axis, and the rotation of the spherical micelle as a whole. The fitting of the fluorescence anisotropy decay to the full equation gave the tilt angle of the molecular dipoles to be 1±2° and the translational diffusion coefficient to be 1.3±0.1×10−10 m2/s. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481453
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A density-functional study of the structures and electronic properties of C59Ni and C60Ni clusters (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 9371-9374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report ab initio calculations of C59Ni and C60Ni clusters using a fully self-consistent density-functional method that employs linear combinations of atomic orbitals as basis sets, standard nonlocal, norm-conserving pseudopotentials, and a generalized gradient approximation to exchange and correlation. Our results for C59Ni show that the replacement of a C atom of the C60 fullerene cage by a Ni atom yields (on relaxation) a stable substitutionally doped fullerene, in keeping with both recent density-functional calculations using the local spin density approximation and the results of mass spectrometry. For C60Ni, our calculations show that the most favorable site for the Ni atom is a bridge site over a C–C double bond. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1353583
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Faceting evolution during self-assembling of InAs/InP quantum wires (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3854-3856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The self-assembling of InAs quantum wires on (001) InP substrates during chemical beam epitaxy has been studied. The samples were characterized by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), atomic force microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). By monitoring the RHEED chevron structures along the [11¯0] direction, we studied the facets formation during the initial states of InAs growth. The facets angles measured by HRTEM are in perfect agreement with the angles between chevron streaks. A time dependence of the chevron streaks angles is reported and correlated to the wire formation. These results can be interpreted using nonequilibrium models existing in literature. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1424476
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A molecular dynamics study of the transport coefficients of liquid transition and noble metals using effective pair potentials obtained from the embedded atom model (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 10410-10411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using effective pair potentials obtained from the Voter and Chen version of the embedded atom model, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations to compute the diffusion coefficients and shear viscosities of liquid Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, and Au. The results obtained agree satisfactorily with those derived in previous studies using the full Voter and Chen potentials. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1322626
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural variation and QTL analysis for cationic mineral content in seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Naturally occurring genetic variation for contents of cationic minerals in seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana was studied by screening a series of accessions (ecotypes) for Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Zn, and for total contents of P. Variation was observed for all minerals and correlations between contents of various minerals were present, most noticeably between Ca and Mg, P and Mg, and P and Mn. The genetic basis of this variation was further studied by QTL analysis, using the Landsberg erecta (Ler) × Cape Verde Islands (Cvi) recombinant inbred population. For all minerals, except Na, one or more QTL were detected, explaining up to 78% of the variation. The map positions of several QTL were confirmed by analysis of near isogenic lines, carrying small Cvi introgressions in Ler background. Interesting co-locations of QTL suggest pleiotropic effects, due to physiological coupling of the accumulation of certain minerals or to linkage of different genes. By comparing the map positions of QTL with the positions of genes expected to play a role in cation translocation, several candidate genes are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01189.x
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