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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE ACTION OF LIQUEFIED AMMONIA ON CHROMIC CHLORIDE. (1904)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 26 (1904), S. 414-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01994a010
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NOTE ON THE ACTION OF METHYLAMINE ON CHROMIC CHLORIDE. (1904)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 26 (1904), S. 417-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01994a011
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SOME COMPOUNDS OF CHROMIC CHLORIDE WITH SUBSTITUTED AMMONIAS. (1904)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 26 (1904), S. 758-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01997a004
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors Influencing the Effect of Race on Established Periodontitis Prevalence (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of public health dentistry 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-7325
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: This paper identifies differences in prevalence of established periodontitis and evaluates factors that might explain the differences between non-Hispanic African Americans (n=232) and whites (n=199) in the Detroit tricounty area. Methods: Subjects from a disproportionate probability sample of community-dwelling adults were interviewed regarding demographic, psychosocial and enabling factors, dental health-related behaviors, and other risk factors, and had comprehensive in-home dental examinations. Results: The overall prevalence of established periodontitis was 20.8 percent; African Americans exhibited a significantly higher prevalence than whites (29.8% vs 17.7%). The crude association between race and prevalence of established periodontitis was significant (odds ratio [OR]for African Americans=1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.17,3.34). After controlling for other covariates, we found the effect of race may be modified by dental checkup visit frequency: African Americans with dental checkups at least once a year had almost a fourfold higher odds of established periodontitis (OR=3.64;95% CI=1.43,9.24) than their white counterparts with dental checkups at least once a year (the referent group); while African Americans with a dental checkups once every two years or less often were more than fourfold less likely to have established periodontitis (OR=0.22; 95%CI=0.08, 0.59) than their white counterparts in the referent group. Conclusions: This analysis supports the disparity in periodontal health as part of the black: white health disparity when taking other factors into account. However, periodontal health disparities may be more complex than previously recognized, requiring greater understanding of factors related to dental care utilization in future studies evaluating this disparity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2003.tb03470.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photo-induced increase of the superconducting coherence lengths in oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3Ox thin films (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 18 (2000), S. 227-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 73.50.Jt Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (including thermomagnetic effects) - 73.50.Pz Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects - 74.40 +k Fluctuations (noise, chaos, nonequilibrium superconductivity, localization, etc.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: ( ) thin films were photodoped with white light at various temperatures from 70 K to 290 K. Before and after the excitation, the magnetoconductivity was measured in a magnetic field B = 0.5 T, and the experimental results were fitted to the Aslamazov-Larkin theory of superconducting order-parameter fluctuations to determine the superconducting coherence lengths, and . We observed that the photodoping process enhanced and and that the amount increased with the photodoping temperature increase. On the other hand, the superconducting anisotropy / decreased with increasing temperature. The photodoping effect enhances superconducting properties of partially oxygen-deficient samples and is considerably increased by high doping temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510070052
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dedicated phased-array coil for peripheral MRA (2000)
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 1745-1749 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Contrast-enhanced MRA ; Coils ; Peripheral arteries ; Peripheral arteriosclerotic occlusive disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we introduce a phased-array coil dedicated for MRA of peripheral arteries which covers the upper and lower legs. The structure of this coil includes a solid cabinet with four flexible wings forming a “T.” The flexibility of the wings allows adaptation to the individual leg size. There are eight circularly polarized channels, four on each side. This coil is compatible with other surface coils. For MRA of peripheral arteries, it is combined with the body phased-array coil and the spine array coil which cover the lower abdomen and the pelvis. We examined six patients using this coil combination. The image quality, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of these examinations were compared with that of peripheral MRA examinations obtained with the body resonator. Image quality with the array coil was considerably improved in comparison with the body resonator examinations. The SNR and CNR increased approximately 100 %. The handling of this coil was very quick and simple, similar to the procedure with other surface coils. The use of dedicated phased-array coils for peripheral MRA may be an important step toward the establishment of MR digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as a non-invasive alternative to intra-arterial DSA in the visualization of peripheral arteries. Its potential has to be evaluated in future studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300000486
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Out-of-hospital diagnosis of cerebral infarction versus intracranial hemorrhage (2000)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. 1561-1565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Stroke Hypertension Out-of-hospital setting Cerebral infarction Intracranial hemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: To establish a model based on clinical and anamnestic data easily available in the out-of-hospital setting, which facilitates the differential diagnosis between cerebral infarction and intracranial hemorrhage. Design: Retrospective study that simulates a prospective approach. Setting: Emergency Department of the University Hospital in Vienna, Austria. Patients and participants: Data of 224 patients with either intracranial hemorrhage or cerebral infarction were prospectively collected. Uni- and multivariate analysis was performed to identify neurological symptoms and anamnestic data, which were associated with either intracranial hemorrhage or cerebral infarction. Measurements and results: Unilateral weakness or sensory loss was observed more frequently in patients with infarction compared to hemorrhage (69.8% vs 11.9%, P〈0.001). The frequency of patients with impaired level of consciousness was significantly higher in the hemorrhage group compared to the infarction group (59.3% vs 3.8%, P〈0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (OR=0.31, 95% CI= 0.12–0.76, P=0.01), diabetes (OR=0.17, 95% CI=0.04–0.68, P=0.01), and unilateral weakness or sensory loss (OR=0.10, 95% CI=0.04–0.26, P〈0.001) were significantly associated with cerebral infarction. Impaired level of consciousness was significantly related to hemorrhage (OR=13.41, 95% CI=3.92–45.91, P〈0.001). On the basis of the logistic regression analysis, we generated a scoring system for the out-of-hospital diagnosis between infarction and hemorrhage. The values of the score lay between –3 and +3. The probability of infarction increases when the score becomes negative, and the probability for hemorrhage increases when the score becomes positive. Conclusion: Our model is a useful guideline for the differential diagnosis between cerebral infarction and intracranial hemorrhage in the out-of-hospital setting, as it is based on easily available clinical and anamnestic parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340000663
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indikationen und Embolie-Monitoring bei lumeneröffnenden Therapien der A. carotis (2000)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 40 (2000), S. 792-797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Karotisendarterektomie ; Stentgeschützte Angioplastie der A. carotis ; Transkranielle Doppler-Sonographie ; Keywords Carotid endarterectomy ; Angioplasty and stenting ; Transcranial doppler sonography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is proven to be beneficial in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis (70% to 99%; residual lumen as a percentage of the normal distal internal carotid artery) on condition that the peri-operative risk for mortality and morbidity is less than 6%. A minority of the “leading experts” in North America (48%) and Western Europe (28%) recommends carotid endarterectomy in asymptomatic patients in general. Most experts suggest to perform surgery only in asymptomatic patients who are at risk for carotid occlusion in the near future or embolism. At its present state, angioplasty and stenting is an experimental although promising technique which will have to be compared to carotid endarterectomy. Criteria for duplex grading of internal carotid stenosis have been established and systematically validated to results of angiography. Pre-surgical use of angiography will more and more be restricted to selected patients in whom the results of duplex sonography remain inconclusive. The detection of microemboli with transcranial doppler sonography seems to be of particular importance before and during carotid angioplasty and stenting.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Kriterien für eine gesicherte Indikation zur Operation einer symptomatischen Karotisstenose ergeben sich auf der Basis randomisierter Studien: Gefordert wird ein klinisches Ereignis passend zur Annahme einer (Thrombo)embolie aus der Karotisstenose innerhalb der letzten 6 Monate, ein Stenosegrad größer 70% (bezogen auf die distale A. carotis interna) und ein perioperatives Risiko für Tod oder Schlaganfall kleiner 6%. Eine allgemeine Empfehlung zur Operation einer asymptomatischen Karotisstenose kann auf der Basis der vorliegenden Studien nicht gegeben werden. Eine asymptomatische Karotisstenose begründet nur in Einzelfällen die Indikation zu einer operativen Behandlung. Die stentgeschützte Angioplastie (Stent-PTA) ist zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt ein experimentelles Verfahren, das nur im Rahmen von Studienprotokollen unter Einbeziehung einer Ethikkommission zur Anwendung kommen sollte. In randomisierten Studien wird derzeit untersucht, ob die Karotisendarterektomie und Stent-PTA bei Patienten mit symptomatischen Carotisstenosen hinsichtlich des perioperativen Risiskos und der Langzeitergebnisse gleichwertig sind. Das Embolie-Monitoring mittels transkranieller Doppler-Sonographie scheint vor und während der Durchführung der Stent-PTA von Bedeutung zu sein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050825
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