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  • 2000-2004  (12)
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Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Green Machining of a Thermoplastic Ceramic-Ethylene Ethyl Acrylate/Isobutyl Methacrylate Compound (2004)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The machinability of a thermoplastic compound that consisted of 52 vol% ceramic particles and 48 vol% thermoplastic binders was investigated. To investigate the machining mechanisms, various blends of a ductile polymer (ethylene ethyl acrylate (EEA)) and a brittle polymer (isobutyl methacrylate (IBMA)) were used as thermoplastic binders. The fraction of IBMA to EEA in the blend was increased from 0 to 50 vol%. As the IBMA content was increased, the thermoplastic compound exhibited a stiffer stress versus strain response under compression because of the brittle nature of the IBMA polymer. The machinability of the thermoplastic compound was remarkably improved with increased IBMA content because of the mitigation of the extensive deformation of the thermoplastic compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.01575.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrochanneled Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals Coated by a Calcium Phosphate Layer (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A coextrusion process was used to fabricate three-directionally macrochanneled tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (TZP) with a calcium phosphate coating layer. The three-directionally connected structure was built by a unique alignment and a lamination of the TZP surrounded by calcium phosphate and carbon black filaments. After a thermal treatment (binder burnout and sintering), a 52 vol% array of 290 μm, three-directionally connected macrochannels, which were clad on the inside with bioactive calcium phosphate, had formed on the sintered TZP body. For a comparison, porous calcium phosphate with a similar structure was also fabricated. The compressive strength (96 MPa) of the three-directionally macrochanneled TZP with a bioactive calcium phosphate layer was much higher than that (24 MPa) of the three-directionally macrochanneled calcium phosphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03603.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Oxidation on Mechanical Properties of Fibrous Monolith Si3N4/BN at Elevated Temperatures in Air (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The oxidation behavior and its effect on the mechanical properties of fibrous monolith Si3N4/BN after exposure to air at temperatures ranging from 1000° to 1400°C for up to 20 h were investigated. After exposure at 1000°C, only the BN cell boundary was oxidized, forming a B2O3 liquid phase. With increasing exposure temperature, the Si3N4 cells began to oxidize, forming crystalline Y2Si2O7, SiO2, and silicate glass. However, in this case, a weight loss was observed due to extensive vaporization of the B2O3 liquid. After exposure at 1400°C, large Y2Si2O7 crystals with a glassy phase formed near the BN cell boundaries. The oxidation behavior significantly affected the mechanical properties of the fibrous monolith. The flexural strength and work-of-fracture decreased with increasing exposure temperature, while the noncatastrophic failure was maintained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00597.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of Macrochannelled-Hydroxyapatite Bioceramic by a Coextrusion Process (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A coextrusion process was used to fabricate macrochannelled hydroxyapatite (HA). To improve the powder characteristics, the HA powder was calcined at 900°C in air for 1 h. A feedrod composed of HA (shell) and carbon black (core) was coextruded at 120°C through a symmetric 8:1 square reduction die. After the first coextrusion, the individual pieces were bundled, warm-pressed, and then coextruded again. After removing the binder, the billet was sintered at 1350°C for 1h in air. Uniform, 27 vol% macrochannels with a diameter of 270 μm were formed in the dense HA through removal of the carbon black. The compressive strength of the test specimens was strongly dependent on the macrochannel direction due to the stress concentrations related to the macrochannel geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00500.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Hot-Pressing Temperature on Densification and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Diboride with Silicon Nitride as a Sintering Aid (2000)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of hot-pressing temperature on the densification behavior and mechanical properties of titanium diboride (TiB2) was investigated. TiB2 specimens were hot-pressed for 1 h at temperatures in the range of 1500°–1800°C, with an addition of 2.5 wt% of silicon nitride (Si3N4) as a sintering aid. The density increased markedly at temperatures in the range of 1500°–1600°C and remained constant thereafter. The formation of a eutectic liquid at 1550°C was attributed to the steep increase in density. The hot-pressing temperature also improved the mechanical properties, such as the flexural strength, Vickers hardness, and fracture toughness of the specimens. Similar to the density, the mechanical properties improved remarkably at ∼1550°C, so that optimum properties were obtainable at temperatures as low as 1600°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01428.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressureless Sintering and Mechanical and Biological Properties of Fluor-hydroxyapatite Composites with Zirconia (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fluor-hydroxyapatite (FHA) fabricated by a reaction between fluorapatite (FA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) was mixed with ZrO2 to produce FHA–ZrO2 composites. When the relative amount of FA to HA increased, the decomposition of the composite was decreased gradually because of the formation of thermally stable FHA solid solutions. With such suppression of decomposition, the FHA–ZrO2 composites retained fully densified bodies. As a result, significant enhancements in mechanical properties, such as hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness, were achieved as the relative amount of FA to HA increased. The highest values in strength and toughness were 220 MPa and 2.5 MPa·m1/2, respectively, with FHA–40 vol% ZrO2 composites. In vitro proliferation of osteoblast-like cells (MG63) on the composites showed behavior similar to that observed on pure HA and FHA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of the growing cells (HOS) on the composites was slightly down-regulated compared with that on pure HA and FHA at prolonged periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03602.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation Behavior of Titanium Boride at Elevated Temperatures (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The oxidation behavior of dense TiB2 specimens was investigated. Hot-pressed TiB2 with 2.5 wt% Si3N4 as a sintering aid was exposed to air at temperatures between 800° and 1200°C for up to 10 h. The TiB2 exhibited two distinct oxidation behaviors depending on the temperature. At temperatures below 1000°C, parabolic weight gains were observed as a result of the formation of TiO2(s) and B2O3(l) on the surface. The oxidation layer comprised two layers: an inner layer of crystalline TiO2 and an outer layer mainly composed of B2O3. When the oxidation temperatures were higher than 1000°C, gaseous B2O3 was formed along with crystalline TiO2 by the oxidation process. In this case, the surface was covered with large TiO2 grains imbedded in a highly textured small TiO2 matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00641.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Densification and Mechanical Properties of B4C with Al2O3 as a Sintering Aid (2000)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The densification behavior and mechanical properties of B4C hot-pressed at 2000°C for 1 h with additions of Al2O3 up to 10 vol% were investigated. Sinterability was greatly improved by the addition of a small amount of Al2O3. The improvement was attributed to the enhanced mobility of elements through the Al2O3 near the melting temperature or a reaction product formed at the grain boundaries. As a result of this improvement in the density, mechanical properties, such as hardness, elastic modulus, strength, and fracture toughness, increased remarkably. However, when the amount of Al2O3 exceeded 5 vol%, the level of improvement in the mechanical properties, except for fracture toughness, was reduced presumably because of the high thermal mismatch between B4C and Al2O3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01647.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sol–Gel Preparation and Properties of Fluoride-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Powders (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Hydroxyapatite (HA) and fluor-hydroxyapatite (FHA) powders were synthesized by a sol–gel method for usage as bone filler and drug carrier. Calcium nitrate and triethyl phosphite were used as precursors under an ethanol–water-based solution. Different amounts of ammonium fluoride (NH4F) were incorporated for the preparation of FHA powders. With heat treatment above 400°C, a characteristic apatite phase was observed for all the sol–gel powders. However, the crystallization temperature decreased with increasing fluoride addition. The tricalcium phosphate (TCP) phase formed in the pure HA powder above 800°C was attenuated in the FHA powders, confirming an enhanced phase stability of the FHA powders. Increasing the F− addition improved crystallinity and increased the crystallite size, as was determined from X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The lattice parameters of the heat-treated powders varied corresponding to the fluoride addition, i.e., a gradual decrease in the a-axis, while little change in the c-axis was observed with increasing fluoride addition, indicating a nearly complete substitution of fluoride within the apatite lattice. However, little difference was observed with heat-treatment temperatures (400°–1000°C). The powders substituted with fluoride exhibited reduced dissolution rates in an in vitro solution as compared with the pure HA powder, suggesting the possibility of tailoring bioactivity with fluoride substitution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2004.tb06344.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite–Zirconia Composites with Calcium Fluoride Additions (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of calcium fluoride (CaF2) additions on the densification and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite–zirconia composites (HA–ZrO2) were investigated. When small amount of CaF2 was added, the density of the composites was markedly enhanced. The reactions of HA with CaF2, which led to the formation of fluorapatite (FA), were attributed to the observed improvements in densification. When HA–20-vol%-ZrO2 composites were sintered, with the addition of 5 vol% of CaF2, in air at 1300°C, the density of the specimen approached 98% of the theoretical value. The flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites were also improved, as a result of the enhanced densification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00328.x
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