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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Highly conserved and disease-specific patterns of carboxyterminally truncated Aβ peptides 1–37/38/39 in addition to 1–40/42 in Alzheimer's disease and in patients with chronic neuroinflammation (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 81 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human lumbar CSF patterns of Aβ peptides were analysed by urea-based β-amyloid sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with western immunoblot (Aβ-SDS–PAGE/immunoblot). A highly conserved pattern of carboxyterminally truncated Aβ1–37/38/39 was found in addition to Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42. Remarkably, Aβ1–38 was present at a higher concentration than Aβ1–42, being the second prominent Aβ peptide species in CSF. Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 12) and patients with chronic inflammatory CNS disease (CID, n = 10) were differentiated by unique CSF Aβ peptide patterns from patients with other neuropsychiatric diseases (OND, n = 37). This became evident only when we investigated the amount of Aβ peptides relative to their total Aβ peptide concentration (Aβ1–x%, fractional Aβ peptide pattern), which may reflect disease-specific γ-secretase activities. Remarkably, patients with AD and CID shared elevated Aβ1–38% values, whereas otherwise the patterns were distinct, allowing separation of AD from CID or OND patients without overlap. The presence of one or two ApoE ε4 alleles resulted in an overall reduction of CSF Aβ peptides, which was pronounced for Aβ1–42. The severity of dementia was significantly correlated to the fractional Aβ peptide pattern but not to the absolute Aβ peptide concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00818.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leptin is associated with craving in females with alcoholism (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction biology 9 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1369-1600
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The appetite and weight regulating peptide leptin was associated recently with alcohol craving during withdrawal. Nevertheless, correlations were only significant with craving displayed on the visual analogue scale for maximum craving during the previous week (VAS), and not if assessed with the highly validated Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS). The objective of the following study, therefore, is to elucidate further the associations between the leptin system and craving concepts during alcohol withdrawal. A sufficiently large sample size should allow multiple statistical subgroup and confounder analyses. We prospectively investigated 102 chronic alcoholic inpatients (23 females, 79 males) during withdrawal on days 0 (admission), 1, 2 and days 7 - 10. In addition to the statistical analysis of the total sample, females and males were to be analysed separately. For detecting associations between leptin levels and craving scores multiple regression analysis was performed. Plasma leptin levels were determined, and craving for ethanol was assessed by both the OCDS and the VAS. Leptin plasma levels significantly increased during alcohol withdrawal compared to day 0, while all craving scores decreased. Body mass corrected leptin plasma levels predicted craving on day 0 in the OCDS total score (R  = 0.55, F  = 7.91, df = 1.19, p  〈 0.05) and in the OCDS obsessive subscore (R  = 0.57, F 〈 = 8.48, df = 1.19, p  〈 0.05) in females. Neither in males nor in the total population did multiple regression analysis reveal any significant results. Leptin levels seem to change during inpatient alcohol withdrawal. In a multivariate model, correlations between leptin levels and the highly validated craving scores of the OCDS can only be assumed in females. Hence, gender differences have to be taken into account when searching for neurobiological models of alcohol craving.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-1600.2004.tb00535.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphism of the gene of angiotensin converting enzyme: lack of association with mood disorder (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 107 (2000), S. 1361-1366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: Genetic, association, affective disorders, angiotensin converting enzyme, insertion/deletion polymorphism, mood disorders.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The insertion/deletion polymorphism of the gene of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was investigated in a case-control study including 169 patients with suffering from either bipolar disorder type I or unipolar recurrent major depression (DSM-IV) and 169 healthy controls. No significant association was found with bipolar disorder type I or unipolar recurrent depression and the polymorphism of the ACE gene. A previously reported genetic association (Arinami et al., 1996) was not confirmed by the present study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007020070023
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age-dependent memory loss, synaptic pathology and altered brain plasticity in the Drosophila mutant cardinal accumulating 3-hydroxykynurenine (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 107 (2000), S. 581-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: Drosophila, conditioned courtship suppression, ageing, synaptic pathology, brain plasticity, glia, 3-hydroxykynurenine, kynurenic acid.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A search for Drosophila mutants with phenotypes similar to human diseases might help to unravel evolutionary conserved genes implicated in polygenic human disorders. Among these are neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by a late onset disturbance of memory, synaptic and glial pathology, structural brain impairments and altered content of the intermediates of the kynurenine pathway, the modulators of glutamate excito- and oxidative toxicity. This pathway is conserved in insects, in rodents, and in humans. We tested the Drosophila mutants cardinal (3-hydroxykynurenine excess) and cinnabar (kynurenic acid excess) for age-dependent changes in memory, synaptic pathology, structural brain plasticity and glial immunoreactivity. The mutant cardinal demonstrated a decline in learning and memory from the 12th to the 29th day of life in a paradigm of conditioned courtship suppression. Memory decline was accompanied by a sharp decrease in immunoreactivity to the synaptic cysteine string protein, and alterations in volumetric parameters of the mushroom bodies, the brain structures implicated in memory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007020070080
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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