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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular scanning of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene in Japanese patients with NIDDM: identification of five novel polymorphisms (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 600-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; genetics ; single-stranded conformation polymorphisms ; insulin resistance ; polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is the major substrate of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and has been shown to activate phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase and promote GLUT4 translocation, the IRS-1 gene is a potential candidate for development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). In this study, we have identified IRS-1 gene polymorphisms, evaluated their frequencies in Japanese subjects, and analysed the contribution of these polymorphisms to the development of NIDDM. The entire coding region of the IRS-1 gene of 94 subjects (47 NIDDM and 47 control subjects) was screened by polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. Seven SSCP polymorphisms were identified. These corresponded to two previously identified polymorphisms [Gly971→Arg (GGG→AGG) and Ala804 (GCA→GCG)] as well as five novel polymorphisms [Pro190→Arg (CCC→CGC), Met209→Thr (ATG→ACG), Ser809→Phe (TCT→TTT), Leu142 (CTT→CTC), and Gly625 (GGC→GGT)]. Although the prevalence of each of these polymorphisms was not statistically different between NIDDM and control subjects, the prevalence of the four IRS-1 polymorphisms with an amino acid substitution together was significantly higher in NIDDM than in control subjects (23.4 vs 8.5%, p〈0.05), and two substitutions (Met209→Thr and Ser809→Phe) were found only in NIDDM patients. Equilibrium glucose infusion rates during a euglycaemic clamp in NIDDM and control subjects with the IRS-1 polymorphisms decreased by 29.5 and 22.0%, respectively on the average when compared to those in comparable groups without polymorphisms, although they were not statistically significant. Thus, IRS-1 polymorphisms may contribute in part to the insulin resistance and development of NIDDM in Japanese subjects; however, they do not account for the major part of the decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake which is observed in subjects with clinically apparent NIDDM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403308
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular scanning of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene in Japanese patients with NIDDM: identification of five novel polymorphisms (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 600-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; genetics ; single-stranded conformation polymorphisms ; insulin resistance ; polymorphism.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is the major substrate of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and has been shown to activate phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase and promote GLUT4 translocation, the IRS-1 gene is a potential candidate for development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). In this study, we have identified IRS-1 gene polymorphisms, evaluated their frequencies in Japanese subjects, and analysed the contribution of these polymorphisms to the development of NIDDM. The entire coding region of the IRS-1 gene of 94 subjects (47 NIDDM and 47 control subjects) was screened by polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. Seven SSCP polymorphisms were identified. These corresponded to two previously identified polymorphisms [Gly971→Arg (GGG→AGG) and Ala804 (GCA→GCG)] as well as five novel polymorphisms [Pro190→Arg (CCC→CGC), Met209→Thr (ATG→ACG), Ser809→Phe (TCT→TTT), Leu142 (CTT→CTC), and Gly625 (GGC→GGT)]. Although the prevalence of each of these polymorphisms was not statistically different between NIDDM and control subjects, the prevalence of the four IRS-1 polymorphisms with an amino acid substitution together was significantly higher in NIDDM than in control subjects (23.4 vs 8.5 %, p 〈 0.05), and two substitutions (Met209→Thr and Ser809→Phe) were found only in NIDDM patients. Equilibrium glucose infusion rates during a euglycaemic clamp in NIDDM and control subjects with the IRS-1 polymorphisms decreased by 29.5 and 22.0 %, respectively on the average when compared to those in comparable groups without polymorphisms, although they were not statistically significant. Thus, IRS-1 polymorphisms may contribute in part to the insulin resistance and development of NIDDM in Japanese subjects; however, they do not account for the major part of the decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake which is observed in subjects with clinically apparent NIDDM. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 600–608]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403308
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overexpression of dominant negative mutant hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α inhibits arginine-induced insulin secretion in MIN6 cells (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 887-891 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords MODY ; hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α ; recombinant adenovirus ; MIN6 cells ; dominant negative effect ; arginine.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. To explain the mechanisms whereby mutations in the HNF-1α gene cause insulin secretory defects. Methods. A truncated mutant HNF-1α (HNF-1α288 t) was overexpressed in hepatoma cells (HepG2) and murine insulinoma cells (MIN6) using a recombinant adenovirus system and expression of the HNF-1α target genes and insulin secretion were examined. Results. Expression of phenylalanine hydroxylase and α1-antitrypsin genes, the target genes of HNF-1α, was suppressed in HepG2 cells by overexpression of HNF-1α288 t. In MIN6 cells, overexpression of HNF-1α288 t did not change insulin secretion stimulated by glucose (5 mmol/l and 25 mmol/l) or leucine (20 mmol/l). Potentiation of insulin secretion by arginine (20 mmol/l, in the presence of 5 mmol/l or 25 mmol/l glucose) was, however, reduced (p 〈 0.0001 and p = 0.027, respectively). Similarly reduced responses were observed when stimulated with homoarginine. Expression of the cationic amino acid transporter-2 was not reduced and insulin secretory response to membrane depolarization by 50 mmol/l KCl was intact. Conclusion/interpretation. The HNF-1α288 t, which is structurally similar to the mutant HNF-1α expressed from the common MODY3 allele, P291fsinsC, exerts a dominant negative effect. Suppression of HNF-1α in MIN6 cells severely impaired potentiation of insulin secretion by arginine, whereas glucose-stimulated and leucine-stimulated insulin secretion was intact. Our findings delineate the complex nature of beta-cell failure in patients with MODY3. This cell model will be useful for further investigation of the mechanism of insulin secretory defects in these patients. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 887–891]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051242
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical identification of growth hormote (GH) cells in the pituitary of three anuran species using an antiserum against purified bullforg GH (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 274 (1993), S. 627-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pituitary ; Pars distalis ; Growth hormone ; Prolactin ; Hormonal specificity ; Immunocytochemistry ; Immunoblot technique ; Amphibians (Urodela, Anura)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An antiserum was prepared against the recently purified bullfrog (bf) growth hormone (GH); it was applied to sections of brain and pituitary of three urodele (Ambystoma, Pleurodeles and Cynops) and three anuran (Xenopus, Bufo vulgaris and B. japonicus) species. No immunostaining was obtained in the urodele pituitary, being consistent with the results of immunoblot analysis of the pituitary homogenate. In the three anuran species, strong immunoreactivity was observed in GH cells that were concentrated in the posterodorsal region of the pars distalis. No GH-like immunoreactivity was detectable in the brain of any of the species. A comparison using adjacent sections stained with anti-bf prolactin (PRL) confirmed the anteroventral localization of PRL cells. Colocalization of GH and PRL was not apparent. These data suggest that the molecular structure of amphibian GHs is considerably different between anurans and urodeles. The antiserum used in the present work shows a high species specificity, recognizing only anuran GHs. In contrast anti-bfPRLlabeled PRL cells in all the amphibian species studied in the present work, suggesting that PRLs possess common amino acid sequences recognized by the anti-bfPRL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314561
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S19.24 Occurrence of a novel glycolipid containing phosphocholine in HTLV-I-infected cells (1993)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 10 (1993), S. 340-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01210178
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precise measurement of the magnetic moment of17F(I x =5/2+,T 1/2=64.5 s) and its hyperfine interactions in ionic crystals (1992)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 73 (1992), S. 347-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Hyperfine interactions of β-emitting17F implanted in single crystals of NaF and CaF2 were studied. The nuclear magnetic moment of theT π=5/2+ state was determined with an improved precision to be |μ(17F;π=5/2+,T 1/2=64.5s|=4.72130±0.00025. nm. Isoscalar magnetic moments of the doubly closed shell ±1 nucleon nuclei around mass number 16 were derived and the effective nucleon mass in the nucleus was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02418609
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Submillimeter Wave ESR Measurement for Cr3+ in Ruby Crystal Using a Gyrotron as a Radiation Source (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 20 (1999), S. 1875-1888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: submillimeter wave ESR ; gyrotron ; pulse magnet ; ruby (Al2O3:Cr3+)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fine structure constant of ruby has been measured using an ESR spectrometer with a pulse magnetic for high fields and a gyrotron as a radiation source in a millimeter to submillimeter wave range. The measurement was carried out at room temperature. The Zeeman energy in this frequency range is large enough compared with the fine structure constant. The higher order term in the effective spin Hamiltonian can explain the dependence of fine structure constant on the frequency. The observed fine structure constants depend on the field intensity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022925012881
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of casting and homogenizing treatment conditions on the formation of Al–Fe–Si intermetallic compounds in 6063 Al–Mg–Si alloys (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 1205-1210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of casting and homogenizing treatment conditions on the formation of several Al–Fe–Si intermetallic compounds in 6063 aluminum alloy was investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The four kinds of alloys containing 0.1 to 0.5 mass% Fe were melted and then cooled at three different cooling rates ranging from 0.06 to 50 K/s, following the homogenization at 858 K for 54 ks and 2400 ks. The Al–Fe–Si compound particles were extracted from the alloy ingots using the thermal phenol method. The as-cast 0.1 mass% Fe ingot obtained at the casting cooling rate of 0.06 K/s had a largest amount of the β phase among the ingots investigated. When this ingot was homogenized at 858 K for 54 ks and 2400 ks, the amount of the β phase decreased, while that of the α′ phase increased. On the other hand, the as-cast 0.5 mass% Fe ingot obtained at the casting cooling rate of 50 K/s had the largest amount of the α phase among the ingots investigated. When this ingot was homogenized at 858 K for 54 ks, a large amount of the α phase remained. However, the homogenization at 858 K for 2400 ks resulted in the transformation of the α phase to the α′ phase. The main phase in the as-cast 0.2 mass% Fe ingot obtained at the casting cooling rate of 5 K/s, close to the industrial cooling rates, was the β phase. The β phase gradually decreased, and the relative amounts of the α and α′ phases increased during homogenization at 858 K for 54 ks. Furthermore, almost all of the Al–Fe–Si intermetallic compounds were transformed into the α′ phase in the ingots homogenized at 858 K for 2400 ks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004504805781
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precise measurement of the magnetic moment of doubly closed shell + 1 nucleon nucleus17F(I π=5/2+,T 1/2=64.5 s) (1993)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 78 (1993), S. 111-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Hyperfine interactions of β-emitting17F implanted in single crystals of NaF and CaF2 were studied. The nuclear magnetic moment of theI π=5/2+ state was determined with improved precision to be |μ(17F;I π=5/2+,T 1/2=64.5s)|=4.72130±0.00025 µN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568124
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR line width of12B in Pt detected by β-NMR (1993)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 78 (1993), S. 439-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract NMR spectra of12B in Pt (fcc) metal were observed by use of the β-NMR detection method. A sharp single line was observed by use of an annealed Pt foil for the implantation medium. The dipolar broadening has been determined to be 332±30 Hz (HWHM).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568171
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