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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiative and nonradiative rates and deep levels in zinc selenide grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1731-1736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of chlorine-doped epitaxial layers of ZnSe have been grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Measurements have been made of the relative intensity of the blue photoluminescence at room temperature, of the decay time of this emission, and of the concentrations of deep levels determined by photocapacitance techniques. A GaAs buffer layer improves the light emission and decreases the deep-level concentrations. Over the uncompensated donor concentration range 2×1016 to 3×1018 cm−3 the photoluminescence intensity, decay rate, and deep-level concentrations only vary by one order of magnitude. The results are consistent with the room-temperature blue emission resulting in recombination of a free hole with electrons on relatively isolated donors, this radiative recombination competing with a strong nonradiative Hall–Shockley–Read recombination via deep levels in the lower half of the energy gap. The significance of these results for the making of light-emitting diodes and lasers is discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study and analysis of submicron-period grating formation on polymers ablated using a KrF laser irradiated phase mask (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 3389-3391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Submicron-period gratings have been formed in polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide films using a KrF laser irradiated, zero suppressed, phase mask with a period d=533 nm. The imprinted grating has a dominant period of d rather than d/2, a result which is shown to be due to recording the pattern by a threshold surface ablation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111284
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endogenous ethylene does not initiate but may modify geobending–A role for ethylene in autotropism (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 6 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Ethylene production during geostimulation was examined in peduncles of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). Significant amounts of ethylene were evolved from geostimulated peduncles compared with vertical controls only after geostimulation of 2 h or longer and the extra ethylene arose mainly from the lower portion of geostimulated peduncles. Reduction of the ethylene produced from geostimulated peduncles by pretreatment with ethylene-synthesis inhibitors did not affect or enhanced subsequent geobending. It is proposed that ethylene may control the later stages of geobending and influence the straightening process of autotropism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1983.tb01278.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic plasticity of stem elongation in two ecotypes of Stellaria longipes: the role of ethylene and response to wind (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 17 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using two ecotypes of Stellaria longipes an alpine form with low plasticity and a prairie form with high plasticity, we investigated whether ethylene was involved in the response to wind stress and might be important in controlling plasticity of stem elongation. Stem growth inhibition was positively correlated with concentration of ethephon application and elevation in ambient ethylene in alpine ecotypes, whereas stem growth in prairie plants was stimulated by low ethephon concentrations. When treated with high AVG, the effects were reversed: alpine plant growth was promoted and prairie plant growth was inhibited. Prairie plants exhibited a daily rhythm in ethylene evolution which increased and peaked at 1500 h, and which was absent in alpine plants. Ethylene evolution did not change significantly during the first 2 weeks of growth in alpine plants, whereas ethylene in prairie plants increased significantly during periods of rapid stem elongation. Wind treatment inhibited growth in both ecotypes, but only alpine plants showed a recovery of growth to control levels when wind stressed plants were pretreated with STS. In addition, only alpine plants showed an increase in ethylene evolution in response to wind simulation, whereas prairie plant ethylene evolution did not deviate from rhythms observed in unstressed plants. We concluded that ethylene dwarfs stems in alpine S. longipes in response to wind stress. However, low levels of ethylene may stimulate growth in prairie ecotypes and act independently of wind stress intensity. The contrasting ability to synthesize and respond to ethylene can account for part of the difference in plasticity documented between the two ecotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1994.tb00161.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of ethylene by gravistimulation: a potential problem with the interpretation of data from some experimental techniques (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 13 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Gravistimulation was investigated as a potential and unwanted component in the interpretation of physiological investigations on plants. Using both seedlings and mature sunflower plants, two situations are described where gravistimulation contributes significantly to the outcome of an experiment not initially designed to include this parameter. The number of adventitious roots formed in derooted seedings decreased when the tops of the plants were allowed to bend over under their own weight, and the effect correlated positively with the rate of ethylene production by non-vertical stems. In droughted mature plants, and increase in leaf and stem ethylene caused by water stress was supplemented by additional ethylene produced in the lower halves of stems. Drought had caused these stem tissues to wilt, become gravistimulated, and thus produce more ethylene. Other situations in which gravistimulated ethylene production and its physiological consequences are likely to be complicating factors in experiments are discussed. It is concluded that procedures that unnecessarily place experimental material in non-vertical orientations should be avoided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01073.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on triploid oysters in Australia: effect of initial size on growth of diploid and triploid Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale & Roughley) (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In a 2-year grow-out trial, triploid Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale & Roughley), from two initial size grades grew faster (in terms of both mean whole weight and shell height) than the equivalent initial size grades of sibling diploids (P 〈 0.05). Small size grade triploids caught up with and had significantly heavier (P 〈 0.05) final whole weights than large size grade diploids after a 2-years grow-out period. The initial size grade had a significant effect on final mean whole weight and shell height for both ploidy types. After the 2-years grow-out trial, the final mean whole weights (but not shell heights) of small and large diploids (35.8 ± 0.6 g and 39.4 ± 0.5 g, respectively) were significantly different (P 〈 0.05). Small and large triploids grew at a similar rate for the first 18 months despite the significantly (P 〈 0.05) heavier final mean weight of large grade triploids (48.4 ± 0.8 g and 61.2 ± 0.7 g, respectively). The effect of the initial size grade on subsequent growth of both diploid and triploid oysters which was demonstrated in the present study is of significant commercial value to hatchery and nursery operators as well as growers of single seed oysters. In addition, small-grade triploids appeared to be more valuable in terms of potential growth rate than all diploid grades. There was no significant difference in the final percentage triploidy between small and large grade triploids. A large proportion of diploid/triploid mosaicism was detected in adult oysters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1999.00296.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silage and milk production: a comparison between supplements of barley and soybean meal offered with white clover silage (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 39 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Silage made from Blanca white clover was offered ad libitum to four Friesian cows in a 12-week changeover experiment. The silage contained 990 g white clover DM (kg DM)−1 with 254 g DM kg−1 and 243 g CP (kg DM)−1 The pH was 3.98 and the in vitro DOMD concentration 680 g kg−1. The silage was the sole feed in the control treatment; in the other three treatments it was supplemented with barley, soybean meal, and a mixture of these feeds supplying 8.1, 2.7 and 7.8 kg DM per cow respectively. The daily intakes of silage DM were 19.3, 13.5, 17.5 and 13.5 kg per cow, and the daily milk yields were 26.3, 28.0, 28.6 and 27.6 kg per cow on the control, barley, soybean and barley plus soybean treatments respectively. It is concluded that the white clover silage had an excellent fermentation and a large potential for milk production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1984.tb01696.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silage and milk production: studies with diets containing white clover silage (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 38 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In three separate feeding experiments using a total of twenty-six individually-housed Ayrshire cows, three wilted silages made from Blanca white clover were offered ad libitum with either different supplements or different proportions of grass silage. The clover silages contained 680 g white clover kg−1 on a DM basis, and had a mean DM concentration of 263 g kg−1 with 231 g CP kg−1 DM and 91 g ammonia-N kg−1 N. The pH values averaged 4·16 and the DOMD concentrations 611 g kg−1. In experiment 1 the daily intake of clover silage given alone was 15.2 kg DM per cow, i.e. 30·1 g kg−1 live weight, and decreased by 0·76 kg DM kg−1 barley DM and by 0·66 kg DM kg−1barley plus soybean meal DM when these feeds were offered as supplements. Milk yield and fat concentration were higher on the supplement treatments than on the clover silage-only treatment. In experiments 2 and 3 the intakes of silage and total DM increased as the weight of clover in the diet increased from 0 to 700 g kg−1 with parallel increases in milk yield. The effects on milk composition were small and generally non-significant. Although white clover silages with excellent fermentations were made, it is concluded that the main role of white clover in a silage system will be in mixed swards with grass to reduce the input of fertilizer N and to increase the voluntary intake of silage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1983.tb01638.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethylene, gibberellins, auxin and the apical control of branch angle in a conifer, Cupressus arizonica (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 64-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin ; Branch angle ; Conifers ; Cupressus ; Ethylene ; Gibberellin ; Hyponasty
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Decapitation, gibberellin A3, high light, their combination, and certain levels of indole-3-acetic acid increase ethylene evolution and also induce branch hyponasty (upturning) in seedlings of Cupressus arizonica Greene, the increase in ethylene preceding obvious hyponasty. Exogenous ethylene also causes branch hyponasty and branches of seedlings maintained in an atmosphere scavenged of ethylene by mercuric perchlorate grow downwards. It is concluded that ethylene may play a role in the apical control of branch angle in some conifers. The positive effect of ethylene in increasing branch hyponasty may be direct, or reflect changes in levels of endogenous auxin and/or gibberellin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385443
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light- and temperature-entrained circadian regulation of activity and mRNA accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase in Stellaria longipes (1996)
    Springer
    Planta 199 (1996), S. 329-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (activity, mRNA) ; Circadian rhythm ; Light ; Stellaria ; Temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stem and leaf tissues of Stellaria longipes Goldie (prairie ecotype) exhibit circadian rhythmicity in the activity and mRNA abundance for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3). The steady-state mRNA levels and enzymatic activity levels fluctuated with a period of approximately 24 h and reached their maxima by the middle of the light phase and minima by the middle of the dark phase. The oscillations showed damping under constant light, constant dark and constant temperature conditions, indicating that the rhythm is entrained by an external signal. The results indicate that light/dark cycles have greater entraining effects than temperature cycles. A 15-min red light pulse, but not a blue light pulse, could reset rhythm in continuous darkness, suggesting the possible role of a red-light signal transduction pathway in the circadian regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195723
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