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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • 1880-1889
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (6)
  • Bayesian inference  (2)
  • Scopolamine
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 110 (1997), S. 244-250 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Schlagwort(e): Key words DNA profiling ; Forensic identification ; Bayesian inference ; Likelihood ratio ; Coancestry ; coefficient ; Probability ; Statistics ; PCR ; STR
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract A previous paper in this journal has described the conventional statistical analysis of three databases (Caucasian, Afro-Caribbean and Asians from the Indian subcontinent) where individuals are typed at six short tandem repeat (STR) loci. This paper presents a Bayesian analysis of the same data and the approach is centred on the concept of estimating coancestry coefficients from mixed databases. Posterior distributions for the three databases are presented and discussed and the consequences of implementing bootstrap estimation procedures are also shown.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Grasping ; Friction ; Sweat ; Scopolamine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  The aim of this study was to determine whether relatively long-term changes in skin friction induced by a pharmacological blockade of sweat excretion would alter the grip forces applied to objects of a variety of different surface textures and frictions. Five men and three women were asked to lift the vertically mounted armature of a linear motor between the thumb and index finger and to hold it against an opposing force for 2 s. A 1.0-kHz tone indicated to the subject that the manipulandum had been correctly positioned between the upper and lower position limits. The linear motor generated a 2.5-N force tangential to the skin surface simulating an object weighing approximately 250 g. Three different polyamide plastic surfaces (either smooth or etched with 1.0 mm high Braille beads evenly spaced at 2- or 3-mm intervals) contacted the fingers in these experiments. Subjects lifted and held in a precision grip one of the three surfaces for blocks of ten consecutive trials, but the order of presentation of the three different textures was varied to offset the effect of expectancy. On a second block of ten trials the subjects were requested to release the object slowly to measure the ratio of the grip force normal to the grasped surface to the tangential load force at the moment of slip. This ratio or its inverse provided the coefficient of friction or the slip ratio for a particular subject and surface condition. Twelve hours prior to a second recording session all subjects placed transdermal patches of 1.5 mg scopolamine behind each ear to reduce palmar sweating by blocking the muscarinic receptors of exocrine sweat glands. The subjects were re-tested following procedures that were identical to the first session. Scopolamine significantly reduced the friction of the skin on the smooth and 2-mm beaded surfaces, but the friction of the 3-mm beaded texture was unaffected. Scopolamine also caused subjects to increase both the peak and static grip forces for all the textures including the 3-mm beaded surface, suggesting that for two of the three surfaces they were responding to the increased slipperiness of the skin due to reduced sweat production.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 102 (1990), S. 535-543 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Alzheimer's disease ; Aging ; Scopolamine ; Transient visual evoked potentials
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Transient visual evoked potentials elicited by the onset of a patterned stimulus were recorded in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD), in healthy elderly controls and in healthy young individual. The latencies and amplitudes of both the components studied were adversely affected by normal aging and one of the components, CI, but not the other, CII, showed further deterioration in AD. These changes occurred over a range of stimulus contrast levels. The changes found in AD, but not those seen in normal aging, could be mimicked by administration of the cholinergic antagonist scopolamine to young volunteers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Statistics and computing 6 (1996), S. 277-287 
    ISSN: 1573-1375
    Schlagwort(e): Bayesian inference ; contingency tables ; Gibbs sampling ; graphical methods ; hypothesis testing ; independence ; intraclass tables ; model comparison ; predictive densities ; quasisymmetry ; simulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper we present a simulation and graphics-based model checking and model comparison methodology for the Bayesian analysis of contingency tables. We illustrate the approach by testing the hypotheses of independence and symmetry on complete and incomplete simulated tables.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 28 (1977), S. 405-409 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chromverarmung nichtrostender Stähle beim Glühen im VakuumBei der selektiven Oxidation von Chrom in nichtrostenden Stählen wird das Oxidatinos-verhalten stark von den Veränderungen der Chromkonzentration an der Metalloberfläche und im Metall beeinflußt. Nach den bisherigen Annahmen verhält sich das Chrom bei der selektiven Oxidation ebenso wie bei der Verflüchtigung während des Vakuumerhitzens auf hohe Temperaturen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Verdampfung von Chrom aus Stahl 316 bei Vakuumanlassen bei 1000 °C mittels energiedispersiver Röntgenstrahlen- und Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse untersucht. Es wird festgestellt, daß der Chromverlust aus austenitischen nichtrostenden Stählen durch Interdiffusion in der Legierung kontrolliert wird. Entsprechend der Vorhersage nimmt die Chromkonzentration an der Metalloberfläche mit zunehmender Erhitzungsdauer ab. Das Chromverarmungsprofil im Metall stimmt gut über in mit einem früher obgeleiteten Modell, abgesehen von einer anomalen Zone in Oberflächennähe. Die hohe Auflösung der Neutronenaktivierungstechnik läßt erkennen, daß es sich um eine etwa 2μm dicke Zone handelt, wo die Chromkonzentration steiler absinkt als es den erwartungen entspricht.
    Notizen: During selective chromium Oxidation of stainless steels the changes in chromium concentration at the metal surface and in the metal have an important bearing on the overall oxidation performance. It has been proposed that an analogue of chromium behaviour during selective oxidation is obtained from volatilisation of chromium during high temperature vacuum annealing. In the present report the evaporation of chromium from 316 type of steel, vacuum annealed at 1000 °C, has been investigated by menas of energy dispersive X-ray analysis and by neutron activation analysis. It was established that chromium loss from austenitic stainless steels is rate controlled by interdiffusion in the alloy. As predicted the chromium concentration at the metal surface decreased with increasing vacuum annealing time. The chromium depletion profile in the metal was in good agreement with the previously derived model apart from an anomalous region near the surface. Here the higher resolution of the neutron activation technique indicated a zone within ∼2μm of the surface where the chromium concentration decreased more steeply than expected.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 246-250 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Konzentrationsprofile in einem Duplex-Oxidzunder auf Stahl 316Konzentrationsprofile in auf vakuumangelassenem Stahl 316 entstandenem Duplex-Oxidzunder wurden mit Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse und energiedispersiver Analyse untersucht. Gute qualitative Übereinstimmung zwischen den beiden Methoden ergab sich für das Konzentrationsprofil von Chrom in der äußeren Oxidschicht; die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine geringe Geschwindigkeit der Stromdiffusion in die äußere Magnetitschicht. Bei der inneren Oxidschicht ist die Übereinstimmung zwischen den beiden Methoden weniger gut, da die Ergebnisse der Neutronenaktivierung durch die Anwesenheit von Metall in der Querschnittsfläche verfälscht werden. Die Ergebnisse der energiedispersiven Analysen dieser Schicht stimmen mit früheren Befunden überein, wonach normale oder nichtselektive Oxydation auftritt.
    Notizen: Concentration profiles through duplex scales formed on vacuum annealed 316 stainless steel have been investigated using neutron activation analysis and energy dispersive analysis. Good qualitative agreement between the two analytical techniques was obtained for chromium concentration profiles in the outer oxide. These indicated a low rate of chromium diffusion into the Fe3O4 layer. There was less agreement between the two methods in the inner oxide as the neutron activation results were complicated by the presence of metal in sections through this oxide layer. The energy dispersive results in this layer were consistent with previous findings which indicated conservative or non selective oxidation occurring.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 30 (1979), S. 100-104 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Oxidation eines 18/8 Stahls in KohlendioxidDas Oxidationsverhalten von 18/8-Stahl wurde im Temperaturbereich 873-1258K (600-985°C) durch kontinuierliche Messung der Gewichtszunahme, metallographische Methoden und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Auf eine anfänglich hohe Oxidationsgeschwindigkeit folgt eine Periode mit wesentlich geringerer Oxidation. Im Anfangsstadium entsteht ein zweischichtiger Zunder. weshalb die Abnahme der Oxidationsgeschwindigkeit wahrscheinlich durch die Bildung eines geordneten, chromreichen Spinells an der Grenzfläche Oxid/Metall bedingt sein dürfte.Wenn unter Verwendung des Modells von Hales die Bildung von „heilenden„ Phasen berücksichtigt wurde, ergab sich eine echte parabolische Zeitkonstante: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ k_p = {\rm 1}{ .8\,\, exp}\left({\frac{{ - {\rm 230}}}{{RT}}} \right)g^2\,\, cm^{ - 4} \,\,\sec ^{ - 1} $$\end{document}Hierin ist die Aktivierungsenergie in KJ. mol-1 (55 kcal · mol-1) ausgedrückt.
    Notizen: The oxidation behaviour of an 18/8 type stainless steel has been studied in the temperature range 873-1258 K (600-985 °C) by continous weight gain measurements, metallography and scanning electron microscopy. An initial high oxidation rate was followed by a much slower rate. Duplex scales formed at an early stage of oxidation and the decrease in oxidation rate is probably due to the formation of an ordered chromium rich spinel at the oxide/metal interface.A ture parabolic rate constant (kp) was obtained taking into account the formation of the “healing” phase using the Hales model. This gave: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ k_p = {1.8\,\, exp}\left({\frac{{ - {\rm 230}}}{{RT}}} \right)g^2\,\, cm^{ - 4} \,\,\sec ^{ - 1} $$\end{document}. where the activation energy is expressed in KJ · mole-1. (55 Kcals mole-1).
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 441-444 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Diffusion von Übergangsmetallen in auf Stahl 316 aufgewachsenem Duplex-OxidMit der Methode der sukzessiven Abtragung wurden nach Diffusionsglühen bei 1273 K Konzentrationsprofile von radioaktiven Isotopen (Chrom, Mangan und Eisen) in einem auf Stahl 316 entstandenen doppelschichtigem Zunder ermittelt. Das Eisenisotop diffundiert danach normalerweise sowohl durch die innere als auch durch die äußere Zunderschicht. Die Konzentration der Isotopen von Chrom und Mangan nimmt in der äußeren Magnetitschicht nach Außen hin zu, zeigt aber in der inneren Spinellschicht ein normales Konzentrationsprofil. Die Diffusionskoeffizienten - ermittelt aufgrund der Konzentrationsprofile - lagen, bezogen auf die Diffusion in der Spinellphase, zwischen 6 × 10-12 und 3 × 10-11 cm2 sec-1.
    Notizen: Concentration profiles of chromium, maganese and iron radioactive tracers through a duplex oxide grown on 316 stainless steel have been obtained after a diffusion anneal at 1273 K using the serial sectioning technique. The iron tracer diffused normally in both inner and outer oxides of the duplex scale. The concentration of the chromium and manganese tracers increased with increasing penetration into the outer Fe3O4 layer but showed a normal profile in the inner spinel. The diffusion coefficients obtained from the profiles were in the range 6 × 10-12 - 3 × 10-11 cm2 sec-1 for diffusion in the spinel phases.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 19 (1998), S. 557-561 
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Incorporation of liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) into commodity polymers remains a challenge in the design of high-performance, low-cost polymeric blends. Blends of a thermoplastic polymer and a nematic LCP are produced here by mechanical alloying. Functionality sensitive X-ray microscopy reveals LCP dispersions as small as 100 nm in diameter. Intimate mixing remains upon subsequent melt processing, indicating that mechanical alloying is suited for applications such as recycling.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 20 (1993), S. 352-356 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The scratch test is widely used to assess the adhesion of ceramic coatings deposited on cermet and alloy substrates by both physical vapour deposition and chemical vapour deposition (CVD). It has been observed during such tests that, depending on the coating type, complete coating removal from the scratch channels can be preceded by flaking of the coating at the edges of the channels. An attempt has been made to ascertain, for CVD coated powder metallurgy (PM) high speed steel (HSS) cutting tool inserts, whether a relationship exists between the presence/absence and type of pre-critical load coating flaking observed during scratch testing and interfacial compositional variations determined by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Scratch test and AES results are presented for the following CVD coated PM HSS inserts: titanium nitride (TiN) coated, where no flaking has been observed; titanium carbide (TiC) coated, where mixed adhesive/cohesive flaking of the TiC coating has been observed and multilayer aluminium oxide (Al2O3) coated, where adhesive flaking of the Al2O3coating has been observed. In the case of the TiN and TiC coated inserts it is not considered that differences in coating/substrate interdiffusion zone thickness alone are responsible for the observed divergence in scratch test behaviour. Differences in coating microhardness are also suggested to be a significant factor. The behaviour of the multilayer Al2O3 coated insert during scratch testing is thought more likely to be singularly associated with interfacial chemistry.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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