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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (4)
  • Antipyretic  (1)
  • Function-form relationship  (1)
  • Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering  (1)
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Material
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Representation of function-form relationship for the conceptual design of stamped metal parts (1995)
    Springer
    Research in engineering design 7 (1995), S. 253-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-6066
    Keywords: Conceptual design representation ; Function-form relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Design representation of parts during conceptual design stage has been a challenging task because of the incompleteness of the information available. Traditional geometric design requires too much information on the geometric attributes, and does not consider the functionality of the part any more than that provided by individual features. Functional design in the form of 〈verb, noun〉 representation does not have adequate correlation with the geometric design. In this article, we propose a new form of the design representation of parts during conceptual design. The representation is calledsketching abstraction. In this representation, the discretionary geometry of the part that has functional relevance is captured using functional features, while the non-discretionary geometry is represented using a linkage mechanism. The functional features are related to the part function using data structures calledfunction-form matrices. The sketching abstraction is annotated with a set of primitives, and a grammar has been developed that parses the sketch to extract a set of canonical relationships between the functional features. These relationships can be used to extract part designs that are functionally similar but geometrically dissimilar. The sketching abstraction has a relationship with the solid model of the part as well. Thus we attempt to bridge the gap between function and form representations and provide the designer with a tool that can be used for generating design alternatives. We illustrate the theory developed in the domain of stamped metal parts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01580462
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictability of the clinical potency of NSAIDs from the preclinical pharmacodynamics in rats (1996)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 45 (1996), S. 531-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Antiinflammatory ; Analgesic ; Antipyretic ; pKa ; Octanol-water partition coefficient ; NSAIDs ; Animal models ; Carrageenin ED50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective and Design: Relevance of the preclinical pharmacodynamic, toxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters predicting the clinical potency of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was evaluated. Material: Data for oral potencies of 24 NSAIDs in rats were collected from the literature and from New Drug Applications with respect to the following parameters: antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, acute ulcerogenic activities, acute toxicity, in vitro inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, acid dissociation constant (pKa), octanolwater partition coefficient and elimination half-life. Treatment: Data for most of the in vivo parameters in rats were collected following single dose administration with the exception of adjuvant arthritis. Single and daily clinical doses were considered. All of these NSAIDs have been approved for marketing although not all have been sold in the USA. Methods: The preclinical data were compared to human dose (unit or daily doses) using single and multiple stepwise regression analyses. Results: Analyses suggest that NSAIDs are effective in all models of preclinical tests for fever, pain and inflammation, however, carrageenin-induced rat paw edema model is clearly the best predictor of human dose. Rank order of preclinical models for predicting human dose is carrageenin 〉yeast induced fever〉pressure induced pain=adjuvant arthritis in rats. The analysis suggested that the pain and adjuvant arthritis models in rats may also involve a prostaglandin independent mechanism. Of the two physicochemical factors tested, pKa contributed best to the carrageenin model towards predicting the clinical potency of NSAIDs. Mathematical relationships between human dose, carrageenin ED50 and pKa were established that may assist in the future clinical development of NSAIDs. Conclusions: Carrageenin-induced paw edema model in rats is the most robust predictor of the clinical potency of NSAIDs. Acid dissociation constant (pKa) appears to be a secondary contributor to the potency of NSAIDs. The relevance of the data analyses for developing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective NSAIDs is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02342223
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical simulation of bioseparation in an affinity packed column (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 17 (1994), S. 422-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0930-7516
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Affinity chromatography (biospecific adsorption) relies on specific interactions of biological molecules such as enzymes, antigens, antibodies, and proteins. The process consists of three steps: adsorption, washing, and elution. A mathematical model including convection, diffusion, and reversible reaction is formulated to analyse the breakthrough behaviour of the solute. A moving finite element orthogonal collocation method is applied with respect to the space variables of the governing partial differential equations of the model to evaluate the breakthrough of the solute. Danckwerts' boundary conditions are considered for the column. The validity of the numerical scheme is checked by comparison with an analytical solution for a simplified model. The results obtained from model simulation show that the breakthrough time of the solute is significantly influenced by the axial dispersion coefficient, solute concentration, ligand content, reaction kinetics, particle porosity, particle size, and flow rate. Solute recovery and bed utilisation efficiencies are evaluated for different values of the above parameters.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270170610
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal studies on brominated atactic polypropylene (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 773-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal behavior of brominated atactic polypropylene (BAPP), obtained by thermal bromination of atactic polypropylene (APP), was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). It was found that the initial decomposition temperature (IDT) and char yield increase with the increase in bromine content while integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT) showed a decreasing trend. A comparative study of these value in inert and oxidative atmospheres has been made. DTA study shows that onset decomposition temperature (ODT) and glass transition temperature (Tg) increase with the increase in degree of bromination. The possible reasons for the occurring phenomena have been discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070440504
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adhesion studies of tyre cords with rubber. I. Synthesis and characterization of natural rubber graft copolymers (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Glycidyl methacrylate and N-vinyl pyrrolidone have been grafted onto natural rubber at 32°C using the simultaneous cobalt-60 irradiation technique. The natural rubber samples were swollen in the monomers for 24 h and thereafter subjected to gamma irradiation. The homopolymers formed in the graft copolymerization reactions and unreacted monomer were removed by solvent extraction using acetone and methanol for glycidyl methacrylate and N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer, respectively. The influence of total dose and monomer concentration on the graft parameters was investigated. The dependence of the rate of grafting on the monomer concentration was found to be 0.93 and 0.80 for glycidyl methacrylate and N-vinyl pyrrolidone, respectively. DSC and TGA studies of the polymers were undertaken. Grafted copolymers based on glycidyl methacrylate were relatively less thermally stable compared with ungrafted natural rubber.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070440206
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical properties of chlorinated atactic polypropylene (CAPP) and PVC-DOP-CAPP system (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39 (1990), S. 1485-1493 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The electrical properties, such as dielectric properties and volume resistivity, of chlorinated atactic polypropylene(CAPP), obtained by thermal chlorination of APP, have been studied. The results show that dielectric constant, loss tangent, and volume resistivity of the chlorinated samples increase with the increase in degree of chlorination. The effect of CAPP as secondary plasticizer in the PVC-DOP system has also been studied. Dielectric study of PVC compounds shows a single relaxation peak, indicating no phase separation. In the case of PVC compounds, it has been observed that with the increase in CAPP content in PVC compounds dielectric constant and loss tangent decrease whereas volume resistivity increases. The increase in volume resistivity was further supported by the increase in activation energy value, obtained from volume resistivity vs. 1/T plot.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070390707
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endgroup studies in poly (methyl methacrylate) initiated by redox systems containing reducing sulfoxy compounds in aqueous media (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 97 (1966), S. 202-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: An Polymethylmethacrylaten, durch Redoxinitiierung in wäßriger Lösung dargestellt, wurden kolorimetrische Endgruppenbestimmungen durchgeführt. Die Redoxsysteme bestanden aus einer Sulfoxygruppe, HSO3-, SO2-3, S2O2-3, S2O2-4 oder S2O2-5 als Reduktionsmittel und einem der folgenden Aktivatoren: (a) Metallionen: Cu2+, Fe3+ und Ag+; (b) Kaliumchlorat und -bromat; (c) Wasserstoffperoxid und (d) Sauerstoff.Als Endgruppen werden im Falle (a) und (b) nur hydrolysebeständige Sulfoxygruppen eingebaut, bei (c) und (d) sowohl Sulfoxy- als auch Hydroxylgruppen.
    Notes: Poly(methyl methacrylate) samples obtained by aqueous redox initiation with reducing sulfoxy compounds such as HSO3-, SO2-3, S2O2-3, S2O2-4, and S2O2-5 in conjunction with different activators are analysed for endgroup content by the application of dye techniques, and limiting conditions for polymerization are reported in specific cases. Activators used are: (a) metal ions such as Cu2+, Fe3+, and Ag+ ion; (b) KCIO3 and KBrO3; (c) H2O2, and (d) oxygen. Endgroups incorporated are only nonhydrolysable sulfoxy in case of (a) and (b), and both nonhydrolysable sulfoxy and hydroxyl in case of (c) and (d).
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1966.020970118
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