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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serum samples were obtained from 44 HIV-seropositive (HIV+) and 37 HIV-seronegative (HIV-) persons that were grouped according to periodontal status. Serum IgG and IgA reactivities towards Streptococcus mutans, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Fusobacterium nucleatum were measured by means of ELISA. HIV+ persons with chronic marginal periodontitis showed significantly lower IgG reactivities to the periodontal pathogens A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and F. nucleatum as compared with their HIV- counterparts (p〈0.05). Specific serum IgA reactivities were similar in the two periodontitis groups, except for P.nigrescens where the HIV+ group with chronic marginal periodontitis had lower values than their systemically healthy counterparts (p〈0.05). The results indicate that HIV infection affects the humoral serum immune responses against bacteria in dental plaque; the depressed antibody responses may contribute to the increased susceptibility for periodontal infections in HIV-infected patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Munksgaard : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are highly susceptible to chronic marginal periodontitis (CMP) and the lesion is generally characterized by abundant plasma cell infiltration. HIV-induced reduction of CD4+ T cells may indirectly affect local production of immunoglobulins (Ig). Gingival biopsies taken from 10 HIV+ and 12 HIV− control patients with CMP were washed, fixed in ethanol and embedded in paraffin. Sections were examined after immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies against IgA, IgA1–2, IgG, IgG1–4, IgM and IgE. Ig-containing cells were counted in 3 separate connective tissue zones (subjacent to pocket epithelium, central zone and subjacent to oral epithelium). HIV+ patients showed a remarkably increased density of all Ig-containing cells in the connective tissue zone subjacent to the oral epithelium (p〈0.05) and a lower % of IgG2+ cells in the entire gingival section (p〈0.05). In HIV+ patients, the density of IgG-containing cells in the gingiva was strongly correlated with the serum IgG concentration. The altered topical distribution might imply impaired restriction of the inflammatory lesion, additional antigenic challenges by unusual microorganisms in the oral cavity, or be secondary to HIV-induced dysregulation of the B-cell system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Munksgaard : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The host immune response in chronic marginal periodontitis (CMP) raised against bacteria colonizing the dentogingival area is modulated by cytokines. This study examines the distribution of the transforming growth factor-β1 containing (TGF-β1 +) cells in formalin-fixed and paraffinembedded gingival specimens from 11 patients with chronic marginal periodontitis and 7 persons with healthy gingiva. Inflamed periodontal tissue contained a 100-fold more TGF-β1 + cells than healthy gingiva. Diverse morphological TGF-β1 + cell types were discerned. Double immuno-enzymatic and -fluorescence staining revealed that TGFβ1 + cells comprised 21–29% macrophages 2–3% T-cells, 3–9% B-cells, 34–35% neutrophilic granulocytes and 7–10% mast cells. The densities of all TGF-β1 + cell types in CMP were strongly increased in the connective tissue adjacent to the pocket epithelium, in the lamina propria and adjacent to the oral epithelium. In lesions with extensive inflammation, expression was also marked in pocket epithelium. TGF-β1 is an immunosuppressive cytokine that stimulates wound healing. Upregulation of the cytokine in inflamed gingiva may counterbalance for destructive gingival inflammatory responses that are simultaneously taking place in patients with CMP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 24 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A quantitative, immunohistologic evaluation of CD3+, CD4+and CD8+ cells was carried out on gingival biopsies from 25 HIV-infected persons with gingivitis or periodontitis and 13 HIV-seronegative persons with periodontitis. CD3+ T cells were found in all biopsies. CD8+ cells were significantly more numerous and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio was significantly decreased in the gingival connective tissue of the HIV+ patients (P 〈 0.05). The number of CD4+ lymphocytes subjacent to the pocket epithelium was moderately lower in the HIVH patients as compared to the HIV+ patients (P 〈 0.05). HIV+ patients with a history of necrotizing periodontal disease had fewer CD4+ cells subjacent to the oral gingival epithelium than patients without such disease (P 〈 0.05). The general HIV-related changes in T lymphocyte numbers were therefore reflected in inflamed gingival tissues. HIV+ patients had, however, significantly higher CD4+/CD8+ ratios in gingiva than in peripheral blood (P 〈 0.05), indicating that CD4+ T cells are actively recruited to gingiva, even in cases of extreme CD4+ T lymphocytopenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 23 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Gingival biopsies were taken from 27 HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-seropositive persons with gingivitis or periodontitis and 16 HIV-seronegative persons with periodontitis. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or periodic acid-Schiff. Candidal hyphae and pseudohyphae were found in the para-keratinized oral epithelium in 7 specimens from the HIV-infected patient group and in the connective tissue close to the bottom of the gingival pocket in one such specimen. No fungal invasion was found in any of the biopsies from the HIV-seronegative persons. Candidal invasion was significantly more frequent (P〈0.05) in patients with a confirmed history of necrotizing periodontal diseases (5/9) than in patients without known episodes of such diseases (3/18). The most prominent histopathologic changes observed in connection with candidal invasion comprised polymorphonuclear leucocyte infiltration of the oral gingival epithelium and numerous mitoses, some of which were located suprabasally. It is suggested that Candida albicans may contribute to the development of necrotizing periodontal diseases in HIV-infected persons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 341 (1966), S. 85-101 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary From birth to 13 years the liver parenchyma contains only diploid nuclei. A small tetraploid collective, first appearing at 13 years, is always demonstrable at 40 years and increases from that time to senility. The binucleate cells behave in the same manner. Large nuclei of octoploid and higher values reveal an increase from 60 years and reach their maximum after 70 years. The development of polyploid nuclei is a consequence of mitotic disturbances which normally take place first at the end of the growing period — during the transition from cellular multiplication (i.e. partially exponential growth) to cellular replacement; and second, during aging. During the steady state period the physiological replacement of liver cells is guaranteed by regular cellular and nuclear divisions. Aberrations of the typical human karyogram are demonstrated in some cases of hepatitis, posthepatitic conditions and cirrhoses. A number of polyploid nuclei, greater than to be expected for the respective time of life, may signify former regeneration processes or indicate a disturbance of the physiological replacement of cells (the mildest grade of hepatocellular damage). Consequently, the determination of such an abnormal number of polyploid nuclei is of diagnostic value.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bis zum 13. Lebensjahr enthÄlt das Leberparenchym fast ausschlie\lich diploide Kerne. Ein kleines tetraploides Kollektiv tritt mit dem 13. Lebensjahr erstmals in Erscheinung, ist mit dem 40. Lebensjahr konstant nachweisbar und nimmt im Laufe der weiteren Entwicklung bis ins Senium hinein an Umfang zu. Die zweikernigen Zellen verhalten sich gleichsinnig. Gro\kerne der oktoploiden Grö\enordnung und darüber lassen erst ab dem 6. Lebens Jahrzehnt eine deutliche Zunahme erkennen, die in der 7. Lebensdekade ihr Maximum erreicht. Die Entstehung polyploider Kerne wird auf Störungen der Zell- und Kernteilungen zurückgeführt, die normalerweise einmal am Ende der Wachstumsperiode — beim übergang vom cellulÄren Vermehrungswachstum zum Ersatzwachstum —, zum anderen beim Altern des Organismus in den Vordergrund treten. Im „steady state“ der Lebenshöhe wird der physiologische Zellersatz durch regelhafte Zell- und Kernteilungen gewÄhrleistet. An FÄllen von Virushepatitis, Zustand nach Hepatitis und Cirrhose werden gewisse Abweichungen vom normalen Karyogramm dargestellt. Eine für die jeweilige Lebensstufe zu hohe Zahl an polyploiden Kernen weist entweder auf abgelaufene Regenerationsprozesse oder auf eine BeeintrÄchtigung des physiologischen Zellersatzes — und damit auf leichteste Grade einer hepatocellulÄren SchÄdigung — hin. Die Feststellung eines solchen abnormen ZahlenverhÄltnisses hat also diagnostischen Wert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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