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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 2404-2410 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Demagnetizing curves after field cooling were measured in the melt processed YBa2Cu3Ox superconductors using a vibrating sample magnetometer and a SQUID magnetometer. The curves showed that the samples worked as strong bulk permanent magnets. This is attributed to the strong flux pinning of the bulk superconductors and is well explained in terms of the Bean–London model. The magnetic properties of the permanent magnet can be continuously changed using the field-cooling technique. The magnet properties of the melt-powder–melt-growth processed YBa2Cu3Ox with 1.5 mm thickness obtained at 5 K after field cooling in 10 kOe are as follows: the residual flux densities Br are 9.6 kG (H(parallel) c) and 8.5 kG (H⊥ c); the coercive forces bHc are 33 kOe (H(parallel) c) and 17 kOe (H⊥ c); and the maximum energy product, (BH)max, are 110 MGOe (H(parallel) c) and 49 MGOe (H⊥ c).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 4077-4092 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) has been applied to the investigation of the electronic structure of oligothiophenes with 4–8 thiophene rings. In a series of α-linked oligomers (αn with n being the number of rings), a systematic evolution of the π band is observed. Several peaks which correspond to the π band are observed in the region of 0.7–3 eV below the Fermi level (EF), and the bandwidth becomes broader with increasing n. The nonbonding π band is observed at 3.5 eV below EF and its energy is almost independent of the number of thiophene units. UPS spectra of α7 and α8 are fairly similar to the spectra of polythiophene, showing that these oligomers are good model compounds of the polymer. The ionization threshold energy of α7 and polythiophene was observed to be 5.3 eV. The effect of irregularity on the π-electron system was also studied by using oligomers which contain a β linkage or a vinylene group at the middle of the molecule. The UPS spectra showed that the β linkages significantly affect the electronic structure of polythiophene, while the vinylene group does not. In order to analyze the UPS spectra and to investigate the electronic structures of oligomers, the orbital energies and the geometries of these oligomers are calculated by the semiempirical MNDO-SCF-MO (modified neglect of diatomic overlap self-consistent-field molecular orbital) method. Theoretically simulated spectra of these oligothiophenes derived from the obtained orbital energies by Gaussian broadening are compared with the observed ones. The agreement between the observed and calculated spectra is very good, particularly in the π region. It is shown from the optimized geometry that (1) αn 's have planar structure and π electrons are delocalized, (2) the oligomer with β linkages has nonplanar structure leading to limited delocalization of π electrons, and (3) the oligomers with a vinylene group are almost planar and the disturbance by the vinylene group on the delocalization is small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 3457-3464 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental and theoretical results are presented on the evolution of large elastic deformation, non-uniform curvature, shape changes and geometric instability in substrates of Si wafers with metal films. The critical diameter and thickness of the Si wafer, for which large deformation and shape instability occur, are identified, as functions of the line tension in the film (which is the product of the biaxial stress in the film and the film thickness). Observations of the curvature and shape variations along the wafer diameter and geometry-dependence of the shape instability compare favorably with those predicted by detailed finite element analyses. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 4877-4882 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The surface morphology and crystalline quality of GaN layers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire (0001) substrates were investigated for various thermal treatment conditions of low-temperature (LT)-grown GaN buffer layers. The surface morphology and crystalline quality of subsequently grown high-temperature (HT) GaN layers strongly depended on thermal effects during the temperature ramping process after LT growth of the buffer layers. We have found that the defect density and structure are affected by this temperature ramping process, and that the generation of growth pits is closely related to defects in the HT-GaN layers. High-quality HT-GaN layers with specular surface morphology were obtained with optimum growth and ramping conditions for the LT-GaN buffer layers. Furthermore, the role of thermal treatment during the temperature ramping process was identified, and mechanisms of nucleus formation, HT-growth initiation on the LT-GaN buffer layers, and defect formation are proposed and discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The development of the alimentary canal of pike eel, Muraenesox cinereus, that were hatched and reared in the laboratory, was examined. The larvae did not feed on zooplankton or phytoplankton and survived for 10 days. Histological and histochemical investigations showed that the alimentary canal was morphologically and functionally differentiated in 3 days after hatching and before exhaustion of the yolk. The foregut was not functional in absorption. The midgut absorptive cell was characterized by a well-developed lamellar membranous structure in the basal portion of the cytoplasm. Na1-K1 ATPase activity was demonstrated on the lamellar membrane of the structure. It suggests that water and solute transport is quite active in the midgut epithelium. Orally administered HRP (horseradish peroxidase) was ingested and intracellularly digested in the hindgut absorptive cells. Some of the HRP was transported, without complete digestion, into tissue spaces under the epithelium. Evidence suggests that pike eel larvae possibly utilize dissolved organic matter, including soluble macromolecules, as their nutrition sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 65 (1995), S. 365-373 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: hot rolling ; edge lamination ; 3-D deformation ; rigid plasticity ; FEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The rigid-plastic finite element method is applied to the analysis of the three-dimensional deformation behaviour, in particular the forming of edge lamination during the multi-pass hot roughing process of aluminium. the calculation is carried out for various rolling conditions and reduction schedules, and their influence on the edge lamination is examined. The results suggest that the crop loss due to the edge lamination can be reduced by increasing the roll diameter, the reduction per pass and the initial width of the slab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 67 (1997), S. 143-150 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words sheet metal forming ; forming limit ; ductile fracture criterion ; FEM ; stretch forming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary  A criterion for ductile fracture is introduced in the finite element simulation of sheet metal forming. From the calculated histories of stress and strain in each element, the fracture initiation site and the critical stroke are predicted by means of the ductile fracture criterion. The calculations are carried out for axisymmetric stretch forming of various aluminium alloy sheets and their laminates clad by mild steel sheets. The predictions so obtained are compared with experimental observations. The results show that the combination of the finite element simulation and the ductile fracture criterion enables the prediction of forming limit in a wide range of sheet metals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 65 (1995), S. 365-373 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Hot rolling ; edge lamination ; 3-D deprmetion ; rigid plasticity ; FEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary  The rigid-plastic finite element method is applied to the analysis of the three-dimensional deformation behaviour, in particular the forming of edge lamination during the multi-pass hot roughing process of aluminium. The calculation is carried out for various rolling conditions and reduction schedules, and their influence on the edge lamination is examined. The results suggest that the crop loss due to the edge lamination can be reduced by increasing the roll diameter, the reduction per pass and the initial width of the slab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 61-62 (Jan. 1992), p. 353-358 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 62 (1992), S. 435-446 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Vorgestellt wird ein numerisches Modell zur Ermittlung der Walzguttemperatur in einer Warmbandstraße für Aluminium, das auf einfachen theoretischen Grundannahmen beruht. Mit dem Modell wird die Möglichkeit der Produktivitätssteigerung durch eine veränderte Gestaltung der Fertigstraße unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Steuerung der Walzguttemperatur untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Erhöhung der Anzahl der Fertiggerüste einen positiven Einfluß auf die Produktivität hat.
    Notes: Summary In order to predict the material temperature throughout the hot rolling process of aluminium, a numerical model is proposed in a theoretical as well as simple way. Using the model, the possibility of the improvement in productivity by reforming the finishing mill arrangement is examined under aspect of the control of material temperature. The results so obtained show the positive effect of increasing the number of finishing mills on the productivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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