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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of open and closed systems for in vitro protein digestion of fish meal (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture nutrition 3 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2095
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The availability of a rapid, cost-effective, accurate and reliable method of assessing fish meal protein digestibility would greatly enhance and standardize quality-control procedures in both the fish meal and fish feed industries. However, while several in vitro digestibility tests have been developed, few have been adopted by industry due to their time-consuming nature, problems surrounding reliability and/or inconsistencies in predictive ability. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the utility and predictive qualities of two in vitro digestion assays of distinct design. Methods examined included a novel open system, wherein on-line removal of digestion products was attainable, and a closed system, which permitted analysis of products following completion of the digestion process. Results provided by the two systems were compared using four differentially processed fish meals. The open system supplied information based upon the detected quantity of products below 10 kDa. The closed system provided measurement of free amino groups. Both methods were in agreement with respect to assessing the presence of hydrolysed product. Both systems furnished complementary data with respect to the characterization of fish meal protein quality. The closed and open systems provided insight upon digestibility and digestion kinetic profiles respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2095.1997.00082.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-glycosylated protein(s) are important for the infectivity of Borna disease virus (BDV) (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 137 (1994), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tunicamycin inhibited the production of infectious Borna disease virus (BDV) and glycosidase treatment eliminated the infectivity of cell-free virus. A glycoprotein of approximately 17 kDa, found in association with infectious virus, was identified by Concanavalin A binding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309486
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of two β-mannanase isoforms from Thermomonospora fusca KW3 (1996)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 1224-1225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Three β-mannanase isoforms were isolated from the supernatant of a thermophilic actinomycete culture from Thermomonospora fusca KW3. Two of the isoforms (Q1, Q 1.1) were crystallized by the hanging-drop method at room temperature using ammonium sulfate as a precipitant. The isoforms form rod-shaped colorless crystals. Both belong to the orthorhombic space group P212121. The cell dimensions are a = 46.7, b = 61.1, and c = 128.2 Å for isoform Q1, and a = 43.8, b = 46.2, and c = 132.8 Å for isoform Q1.1. The asymmetric unit of either isoform contains one mannanase molecule. Native data have been collected to 2.2 Å resolution for Q1 and to 1.65 Å resolution for Q1.1 using synchrotron radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444996009006
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurological disease and encephalitis in cats experimentally infected with Borna disease virus (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 93 (1997), S. 391-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Borna disease virus ; Cat diseases ; Encephalomyelitis ; Immunopathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Barrier-bred cats were inoculated intracerebrally with either the rabbit-adapted Borna disease virus (BDV) strain V or a newly isolated feline BDV, obtained from a cat with natural staggering disease (SD). Three out of eight inoculated cats developed neurological signs and non-suppurative encephalitis; all three recovered from the acute stage of disease. Sero-conversion and the development of neutralizing antibodies occurred in all of the virus-inoculated cats. In addition, cats inoculated with feline BDV showed an early peripheral T cell response not present in cats inoculated with BDV strain V, suggesting that the feline virus exerted a more vigorous effect on the immune system. Using immunohistochemistry and a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay, BDV-specific antigen and nucleic acid could be demonstrated in brain samples from each cat with encephalitis, showing that incomplete viral clearance was probably responsible for the maintenance of inflammation. The successful induction of neurological signs and encephalitis in one cat infected with feline BDV, together with the detection of BDV-specific antigen and nucleic acid in the brain, provides strong evidence for the notion that BDV is the etiological agent behind feline SD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050630
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of cyclomaltononaose (δ-cyclodextrin) by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases from Bacillus spp. and bacterial isolates (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 50 (1998), S. 314-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The conversion of soluble starch to cyclomaltohexaose (α-CD), cyclomaltoheptaose (β-CD), cyclomaltooctaose (γ-CD) and cyclomaltononaose (δ-CD) by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases (E.C. 2.4.1.19) from Bacillus spp. and bacterial isolates was studied. The results show that δ-CD was formed by all the enzymes investigated in the range of 5%–11.5% of the total amount of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-CD produced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051297
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of GAP promoter variants on hirudin production, average plasmid copy number and cell growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1990)
    Springer
    Current genetics 18 (1990), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Heterologous gene expression ; Plasmid copy number ; GAP promoter ; Hirudin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been engineered to synthesize and secrete desulfato-hirudin (hirudin), a thrombin inhibitor from the leech Hirudo medicinalis. The synthetic gene coding for hirudin was expressed constitutively under the control of four size-variants of the yeast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter (GAP) and cloned into a 2 μ based multicopy yeast vector. The constitutive action of the four promoter variants was confirmed by demonstrating that the expression and secretion of hirudin is growth-related. The different efficiencies of the promoter variants not only affected hirudin expression but also led to changes in several cellular parameters, such as cell growth, average plasmid copy number and plasmid stability. The observed changes show that yeast cells establish a specific equilibrium for each promoter variant. We conclude, that the adjustment of cellular parameters in response to the expression levels of a heterologous protein is regulated by two counteracting selective forces: (1) the need for complementation of the auxotrophic host marker by the plasmid-encoded selection gene which, in the case of dLEU2, requires several plasmid copies; and (2) a selective advantage of cells with a lower copy number enabling them to escape the burden of heterologous protein production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312596
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of murine YACs containing the genesCea2 andCea4 after B1-PCR amplification and FISH-analysis (1995)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 3 (1995), S. 473-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: B1-primers ; carcinoembryonic antigen ; FISH ; gene mapping ; mouse ; PCR ; pregnancy-specific glycoprotein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract PCR with primers specific for the murine B1 consensus sequence allows amplification of DNA from murine sources. We have used B1-PCR for amplifying yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) DNA which can be used to localize single YACs by fluorescencein situ hybridization. The genes for the pregnancy-specific glycoproteins Cea2 and Cea4, both belonging to the large carcinoembryonic antigen gene family, were localized by chromosomalin situ suppression hybridization of three YAC clones to murine chromosome 7A2-A3. This was facilitated by the use of the mouse lymphoma cell line WMP/WMP which contains nine pairs of Robertsonian fusion chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713961
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the critical velocity of superfluid4he in a 2 μm by 2 μm aperture in a thin foil at various frequencies (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 101 (1995), S. 743-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 67.40.Hf ; Vs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the critical velocity behavior of oscillatory superfluid4He flow through a 2 μm by 2 μm square aperture in a 0.1 μm thick titanium foil are being made at temperatures between 0.36 K and 2.1 K and at pressures of less than 0.4 bar at various frequencies between 50 Hz and 1000 Hz. The purpose of this work is to study a micron-size aperture for possible frequency-dependent deviations from the critical velocity behavior seen in submicron-size apertures. Preliminary results show a nearly linear decrease of critical velocity with increasing temperature that is similar to the temperature dependences seen in smaller apertures and that is approximately independent of frequency. However, at frequencies above 500 Hz, a region appears at the lowest temperatures in which supercritical behavior is dominated by large energy-loss events requiring a number of half-cycles for completion, a region that extends up to 1.1 K at 970 Hz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00753384
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Interpretation of Phase-Slip and Critical-Velocity Data from the Flow of Superfluid 4He through a 2 μm by 2 μm Aperture (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 110 (1998), S. 497-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An analysis has been made of phase-slip and critical-velocity data for both the ac and dc flow of superfluid 4 He through a 2 μm by 2 μm aperture in a 0.1-μm-thick titanium foil between 0.36 and 2.10 K. Single-2π phase slips were resolvable over the entire range of temperature in the ac flow measurements, carried out between 10 and 20 Hz, making it possible to determine the width of the critical-velocity distribution throughout the temperature range from these measurements. These data have been interpreted in terms of the thermal nucleation of vortex half-rings at the walls of the aperture, involving a velocity- and temperature-dependent energy barrier. The barrier can be modeled with moderate success using an approach close to that of Avenel and Varoquaux and coworkers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022546530357
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pattern formation in an inhomogeneous environment (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 5 (1998), S. 757-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 47.20.-k Hydrodynamic stability - 47.54.+r Pattern selection; pattern formation - 71.55.-i Impurity and defect levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: A major step in understanding pattern formation has been achieved by studying idealized systems. However, in nature inhomogeneous systems are much more abundant than their idealized homogeneous counterparts. Here we report about experimental results on pattern formation in two inhomogeneous systems, thermal convection in porous media and Taylor-vortex flow between a rough and a smooth cylinder. Several aspects of heterogeneity effects in pattern formation are theoretically investigated for model equations and analytical descriptions are given for a few phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050500
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