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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A portable time of flight system for thermal and cold neutron applications (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 2770-2774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A very small Fermi-type neutron chopper fashioned by cutting slots in a boron nitride cylinder was developed for use with a source of thermal and cold (subthermal velocity) neutrons. The original goal was to characterize spectra emerging from glass capillary fibers of less than 1 mm diameter, but other applications became apparent. For approximately 1 m flight paths, conventional nuclear electronics had to be adapted to the millisecond flight times. Both time-to-amplitude converter and multiscaling time-data storage methods were used. Data corrections for the particular geometry are reviewed and applied to the present geometry. Among examples of its potential use, the spectrum of a newly installed cold source was measured. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147106
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A polycapillary bending and focusing lens for neutrons (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3744-3750 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A glass polycapillary lens that both bends and focuses a cold neutron beam has been designed and constructed. The bender focuser guides part of the incident beam away from its line of sight and focuses it to a spot of width 0.65 mm at a distance 95 mm from the lens exit and 20 mm below the bottom edge of the beam path, with a gain of 20 in neutron current density. The neutron transmission characteristics of the lens have been determined with two types of position-sensitive detectors, a charge injection device, and an imaging plate. The lens has been tested with prompt gamma measurements on a gadolinium shard and titanium foil. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148020
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A basic mathematical model of the immune response (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 5 (1995), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interaction of the immune system with a target population of, e.g., bacteria, viruses, antigens, or tumor cells must be considered as a dynamic process. We describe this process by a system of two ordinary differential equations. Although the model is strongly idealized it demonstrates how the combination of a few proposed nonlinear interaction rules between the immune system and its targets are able to generate a considerable variety of different kinds of immune responses, many of which are observed both experimentally and clinically. In particular, solutions of the model equations correspond to states described by immunologists as "virgin state,'' "immune state'' and "state of tolerance.'' The model successfully replicates the so-called primary and secondary response. Moreover, it predicts the existence of a threshold level for the amount of pathogen germs or of transplanted tumor cells below which the host is able to eliminate the infectious organism or to reject the tumor graft. We also find a long time coexistence of targets and immune competent cells including damped and undamped oscillations of both. Plausibly the model explains that if the number of transformed cells or pathogens exeeds definable values (poor antigenicity, high reproduction rate) the immune system fails to keep the disease under control. On the other hand, the model predicts apparently paradoxical situations including an increased chance of target survival despite enhanced immune activity or therapeutically achieved target reduction. A further obviously paradoxical behavior consists of a positive effect for the patient up to a complete cure by adding an additional target challenge where the benefit of the additional targets depends strongly on the time point and on their amount. Under periodically pulsed stimulation the model may show a chaotic time behavior of both target growth and immune response. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.166098
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy fermions in Kondo lattice compounds (invited) (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3054-3059 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Even in the absence of both magnetic order and superconductivity, Ce-based Kondo lattice systems show distinct anomalies in the low-temperature specific heat and thermopower. These features can be understood, in the frame of a microscopic treatment of the asymmetric Anderson model, by taking into account the periodicity of the Ce sites. A substantial variation in the observed phenomena between CeAl3 and normal (n) state CeCu2Si2 on the one hand as well as CeRu2Si2 and CeCu6 on the other highlight the importance of realistic band structure calculations for the quasiparticles ("heavy fermions'') in these different compounds. The temperature dependence of the upper critical magnetic field Bc2(T) for the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCu2Si2 (Tc(approximately-equal-to)0.6 K) shows a flat maximum at ∼0.2 Tc, which is ascribed to coherence-derived structure in the n-state quasiparticle density of states. A dc Josephson effect with a critical pair current of ordinary size is observed for the first time on a weak link between CeCu2Si2 and Al. This proves that CeCu2Si2 is a superconductor with dominant spin-singlet pairing. No Josephson effect can be found, however, between heavy-fermion superconducting UPt3 and Al, Nb, or UPt3 as counterelectrodes, in accord with a possible anisotropic (L≥1, S=0 or 1) pairing in UPt3. For this material, the thermal conductivity in the superconducting state approaches an asymptotic κS=αT2 law as T→0, with α=32 mW/cm K3, and the thermopower above TC shows a temperature dependence similar to that of the "spin fluctuation'' system UAl2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335212
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of relaxation resonance, damping, and nonlinear gain coefficient from the sidebands in the field spectrum of a 1.3 μm InGaAsP distributed feedback laser (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1845-1847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We calculate an expression for the fine structure in the field fluctuation spectrum of a semiconductor laser in terms of accessible device parameters. We measure the spectrum of an InGaAsP DFB laser and determine the linewidth, relaxation resonance, and damping versus current. From the relation between damping and current, we determine the nonlinear gain coefficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101254
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold neutron incoherent scattering for hydrogen detection in industrial materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 3876-3879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron incoherent scattering (NIS) is proposed as a method for the rapid detection of hydrogen and corrosion in industrial materials. As an example, we apply the NIS method to the detection of hydrogen in graphite and in titanium alloy, and compare the results with those obtained with the prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) method. The scattering cross section for hydrogen is much greater than the capture cross section, which enables the NIS method to have a detection limit and accuracy close to that for PGAA, and allows real time experiments on hydrogen detection to be performed. We report preliminary results on using the NIS method to determine hydrogen in urea [CO(NH2)2]/graphite and in titanium matrices. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366620
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficacy and tolerability of multiple-dose SDZ IMM 125 in patients with severe psoriasis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 133 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Although cyclosporin is effective in immunosuppression following organ transplantation and in the treatment of psoriasis, its use is limited by its side-effects, notably impaired renal function and hypertension. As SDZ IMM 125, a new derivative of the cyclosporin family, showed considerable immunosuppressive activity in experimental studies, with less effect on renal function, it was considered a potential successor to cyclosporin for both indications. In this multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the efficacy and tolerability of 40, 100, 200 and 400mg SDZ IMM 125 daily were studied in 59 patients with psoriasis. Patients were followed for a period of 5 weeks (4 weeks treatment, and 1 week post-treatment observation). A dose-dependent effect of SDZ IMM 125 was observed. A significant correlation was found between the dose of SDZ IMM 125 and changes in the sum of severity scores of three indicator plaques. There was a significant decrease in the body surface area affected by psoriasis in the 400-mg group (P 〈 0.01), whereas a decrease of the global psoriasis severity was observed in the 200-mg (P 〈 0.01) and the 400-mg groups (P 〈 0.001). No serious adverse events occurred during the 4 weeks of treatment. Three patients discontinued treatment because of adverse events (one sore throat, two influenza). Clinical adverse events were similar to those reported with cyclosporin, the most frequent being gastrointestinal disturbances. Estimation of renal function indices showed that increases from baseline values were dose dependent, and appeared to be similar to those seen with cyclosporin. Changes in liver function tests showed a clearcut dose-dependent increase of some liver enzymes, principally alanine aminotransferase (ALAT). SDZ IMM 125 is effective in clearing psoriasis. However, long-term studies comparing the efficacy and safety of SDZ IMM 125 and cyclosporin must be performed, to determine whether SDZ IMM 125 has a better risk-benefit ratio than cyclosporin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02500.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-dependent incorporation of 4-amino-l-arabinose in lipid A of distinct Gram-negative bacteria (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 60 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The presence and the relative amount of 4-amino-l-arabinose in lipopolysaccharides of members of the Enterobacteriaceae family and in a single strain of Chromobacterium violaceum has been studied with regard to growth-temperature dependent variations. Changes in the presence and the amount of 4-amino-l-arabinose (4-AA) were observed in almost all cases, but the variations observed were not consistent among different species. While Salmonella minnesota and Proteus mirabilis showed higher levels of incorporation at higher temperatures, the S- and R-forms of Yersinia enterocolitica showed the opposite effect, i.e. only marginal incorporation by growth at 37°C, in contrast to rather high values by growth at 10°C. Chromobacterium violaceum, however, showed no significant alteration in the 4-amino-l-arabinose content when growth either at 14 or at 37°C. DOC-PAGE pattern of isolated lipopolysaccharides showed characteristic profiles indicating that the O-chain-synthesis of distinct Enterobacteriaceae is also differently influenced by changes in growth temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03493.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural relationship between the polyagglutinable antigen and the core polysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 47 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It has been observed that each strain of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa species harbours the so-called polyagglutinable antigen (PA). Some strains may produce it in a form which is linked to the core moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and this type of PA can thus be detected by passive haemagglutination using the isolated LPS as coating antigen. Other strains synthesize PA exclusively in a free form, which is also coextractable with LPS, its presence can, however, be demonstrated by the haemagglutination inhibition test. From a polyagglutinable strain of P. aeruginosa an R-type LPS was isolated having the core-linked PA. This LPS preparation was highly immunogenic with regard to its PA moiety. The core-bound PA seems to exert an immunosuppression on the core region, hence, the polyagglutinable strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients only engender anti-PA antibodies, whereas antibodies against both, side chain and core region of LPS, are not engendered. The mucoid exopolysacharides also contains the PA which could possibly play an important role in the patient by protecting P. aeruginosa cells against anti-PA antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02497.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antigenicity and immunogenicity of the polyagglutinable antigen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 47 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients agglutinate in antisera against anti-polyagglutinable antigen (PA). Anti-PA antibodies were formed in rabbits when immunization was carried out with bacteria possessing core-bound PA, independently of whether the strains were of S or R phenotype. For bacterial agglutination with anti-PA antibodies two prerequisites are essential: the bacterial cell must be of R phenotype and must possess the core-linked PA. In contrast, the PA in the isolated LPS's can be demonstrated in passive haemagglutination for both (S or R) phenotypes, provided the PA is core-linked. Two PA forms have been recognized, one found only in P. aeruginosa species, both in free and bound form. The other one is shared by all members of Pseudomonas genus but is present only in a free, unbound form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02498.x
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