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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible change in alignment mode of nematic liquid crystals regulated photochemically by command surfaces modified with an azobenzene monolayer (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 4 (1988), S. 1214-1216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00083a030
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entrapment of Lavandula vera cells with synthetic resin prepolymers and its application to pigment production (1986)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 24 (1986), S. 266-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Cultured cells of Lavandula vera were entrapped with photosensitive synthetic resin prepolymers (PVA-SbQ). PVA-SbQ-entrapped cells grew well inside gel matrices and synthesized de novo blue pigments in the presence of l-cysteine as an inducer. The entrapped cells were superior to calcium alginate-entrapped cells judging from cell growth and total pigment productivity. Release of the pigments, which were almost insoluble in water, from the gels was markedly enhanced by the increase in hydrophilicity of the cell-entrapping gels. The entrapped cells could be used repeatedly for the pigment production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257047
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible change in the optical rotatory power of poly(L-glutamate) thin film induced by photochromism of a spiropyran (1987)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 17 (1987), S. 285-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary When the thin film of poly(L-glutamate) containing 6′-nitroindolinospiropyran was exposed to uv light(mainly 365nm), measurable change in the optical rotatory power was observed, accompanied with the coloration due to the formation of the photo-merocyanine. The change was reversible upon exposure to visible light(〉480nm). The extent of the reversible change of the optical rotatory power was found to depend on the concentration of the spiropyran as well as casting concentration. Discussion was made on the mechanism of the appearance of the optical rotatory power.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285362
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosensitive polymers with pendent p-dialkylaminobenzylideneacetophenone residues as photoinduced radical polymerization initiators (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 2983-2993 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polymers with pendent p-dialkylaminobenzylideneracetophenone (PABA) groups were prepared by copolymerization of 4-(4-dimethylaminobenzylidenemethylcarbonyl)phenyl methacrylate (1) with alkyl methacrylates and by the substitution reaction of poly(chloromethylstyrene-co-methyl methacrylate) with sodium 4-(4-dimethylaminobenzylidenemethylcarbonyl)phenolate (3). The polymers having PABA groups become insoluble upon photodimerization of PABA. Furthermore, the photosensitivity of the polymers increases considerably when mixed with vinyl monomers and diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI) during irradiation. The photocrosslinking may involve graft polymerization initiated by PABA which sensitizes the decomposition of DPI to form radicals. Introduction of unsaturated groups like maleate or crotonyl groups into the PABA polymer depresses the shrinkage of the photocured polymer film when the polymer was mixed with DPI. Sensitivity characteristics of PABA polymers toward Ar laser emitting 488 nm light are mentioned.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021881219
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of poly(ethylene glycol) on the photochemical immobilization of an enzyme in photocrosslinkable poly(vinyl alcohol) (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 763-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A novel method was applied to improve the activity of enzymes immobilized in photocrosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol). Whereas the addition of glycerol to photosensitive poly(vinyl alcohol), bearing a styrylpyridinium group, diminishes the rate of photocrosslinking as well as the mechanical strength of the insolubilized gel, no considerable decrease in the rate of photoreaction was observed when poly(vinyl alcohol) was mixed with poly(ethylene glycol). This difference is based on the phase separation of the two water-soluble polymers, resulting in the formation of a porous structure of the photocrosslinked gel. Immobilization of invertase in the photocrosslinked gel in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) changes the activity, because of the case of diffusion of the substrate into the porous matrix.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021880410
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photocrosslinking behavior of poly(vinyl alcohol)s with pendent styrylpyridinium or styrylquinolinium groups (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 2973-2982 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(vinyl alcohols) (PVA's) with pendent styrylpyridinium (SbQ), styrylquinolinium (QQ), or oxystyrylquinolinium (OQQ) exhibit anomalously high photosensitivity, even if the content of photosensitive groups is very low. This phenomenon was studied by measuring the sensitivity to crosslinking quantitatively using monochromatic light. When the content of SbQ or OQQ exceeds ca. 1 mol-%, the photoinduced gelation behaviour was found to be in the line with Charlesby's equation, suggesting that the absorbed light energy leads specifically to interamacromolecular photodimerization of SbQ or OQQ. Under these circumstances, the quantum efficiency for the photodimerization of SbQ and OQQ was estimated to be in the ranges of 0,31-0,37 and 0,10-0,17, respectively. The applicability of PVA-SbQ to water-developable photoresists for microfabrications is discussed. The sensitivity characteristics of PVA having OQQ and analogous groups is also mentioned in view of the application to Ar laser resists.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021881218
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and reactions of polymers having 1-aroyl-2-(3-pyridyl)ethylenes as photosensitive groups (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 4127-4135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The reactions of 1-aroyl-2-(3-pyridyl)ethylenes (APE) with polychloromethylstyrene (PCMS) yield polymeric systems which undergo rapid crosslinking upon short exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. The photochemical reaction of polymers as well as model compounds was followed by the measurement of UV absorption of APE and the analysis of extinction coefficient difference (ED) diagrams.1
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320326
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-ethanol permseparation by pervaporation through photocrosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) composite membranes (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 1717-1729 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Water-ethanol permselectivity was investigated by pervaporation through composite membranes which were prepared by coating photocrosslinkable poly(vinyl alcohol) containing pendant styrylpyridinium group (0.86-3.93 mol %) on porous films. These membranes were water-permselective, and the selectivity was dependent on the state of membranes; namely, incorporation ratio of styrylpyridinium group on poly(vinyl alcohol), molecular weight of the base polymer, coating thickness of a photopolymer, etc. Photocrosslinkable styrylpyridinium group showed, of course, the ionic character by a pyridinium moiety to work on permseparation of water effectively as well as preventing the dissolution of membranes by crosslinking. Membranes based on the higher molecular weight poly(vinyl alcohol) (P = 1700) gave the higher permselectivity of water in general than those of lower molecular weight (P = 500) one. Swelling of the polymers reached 160%, and permeation rate through the membranes increased with the increase of swelling. Selective diffusion of water was found to take place in swelling, and to play a part in the water-permseparation through the membranes.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070360801
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosensitive poly(methacrylates) having styrylpyridinium and styrylquinolinium groups (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 3063-3077 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three methods to introduce photodimerizable styrylpyridinium or styrylquinolinium groups to methacrylate polymers are described. Among these, copolymerization of methacrylate monomers with methacrylated styrylpyridine or styrylquinoline offered the most convenient procedure to prepare photosensitive polymers because of the excellent solubility of the polymers having the photofunctional groups in high content. Subsequent treatment with p-toluenesulfonic acid to quaternize the pyridine or quinoline moiety made the polymer highly photosensitive. The polymers having a styrylquinolinium group were found to be sensitive to 488 nm light of an Ar laser, and the sensitivity was about 3 mJ/cm2 when the content of the photosensitive group was 15 mol %.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080251111
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of dihydroxamic acid chelating polymers and the adsorptive property for uranium in sea water (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 1953-1966 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation of new chelating polymers bearing dihydroxamic acid groups and the adsorptive ability for uranium in sea water are described. Chloromethylated polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene was treated with diethyl malonate in N, N-dimethylformamide to give the polymer having diethyl malonate groups. This polymer was then treated with hydroxylamine in methanol to afford the dihydroxamic acid polymer. The presence of hydroxamic acid groups was confirmed by the appearance of IR absorption band at 1680 cm-1. The dihydroxamic acid polymer contained carboxylic acid groups as well as hydroxamic acid ones, and the contents of carboxylic acid and hydroxamic acid groups were estimated from elemental analysis to be 2-3 and 2-4 mmol/g, respectively. The polymer showed the adsorptive ability of 40 μg-U/g in 8 days for uranium in sea water. In addition, the polymer showed the selective adsorptivity for iron, nickel, copper, and zinc as well as uranium. The macroreticular-type polymer showed much higher adsorption rate for uranium in sea water than the gel-type ones did, suggesting that the rate depends on the diffusion of the uranium in the polymer support.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080240817
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