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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of childhood asthma based on questionnaires and methacholine bronchial provocation test in Korea (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background In most epidemiological survey studies, only subjective symptoms and past medical history of asthma have been used as diagnostic criteria. Even though a questionnaire survey can be performed in a large population study at low cost, limitations such as lack of objectivity and poor predictability in non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness cannot be avoided.Objectives The purpose of this study was to elucidate the prevalence of current asthma based on questionnaires and methacholine bronchial provocation test, and the prevalence of atopy in Korea.Methods We performed modified ATS respiratory questionnaires and allergen skin-prick test with 10 common inhalant allergens among 3219 subjects aged 7–19 years in Seoul and a rural part of a small city, Chungju in Korea. Methacholine bronchial provocation tests were also performed among those who had asthma symptoms according to the questionnaire. The criteria of asthma was presence of both asthma symptoms and non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Atopy was defined as when an allergen induced weal size is same or larger than that caused by histamine.Results The prevalence of asthma based on questionnaires and methacholine bronchial provocation tests was 4.6%, while the prevalence of wheeze was 8.2% and 19.3% of total population complained of one or more respiratory symptoms related to asthma on the questionnaires. There was no significant difference according to age, sex and living area. The mean prevalence of atopy was 35.0% and the most common allergens were Dermatophagoides farinae (30.9%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (27.5%), cat fur (20.4%) and cockroach (11.8%). The atopy prevalence in Chungju area was higher than that in Seoul and males showed a higher prevalence than females. The asthma prevalence was higher among atopies (6.8%) than among non-atopies (2.7%). None of questionnaire items were enough to predict the presence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in terms of sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value.Conclusion The prevalence rate of current asthma in Korea was 4.6% and the prevalence rate of atopy in Korea was 35.0%. Questionnaire-based surveys are not enough to predict the actual prevalence of asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.1997.710839.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postadministration of oral contrast material for abdominal CT in patients with gastrectomy: modified drip ingestion method (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 223-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: CT, abdomen—Contrast agent, administration—Gastrointestinal tract.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We introduce the modified drip ingestion method (MDIM) of administering oral contrast material for abdominal computed tomography (CT) in patients after gastrectomy. MDIM consists of the drip ingestion method, which we have recently reported, with additional ingestion of effervescent agent. MDIM in abdominal CT is a useful technique to improve the degree of distention of the gastrointestinal lumen including anastomotic sites in patients after gastrectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900484
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotational energy distribution of products in fast hydrogen atom–molecule collisions (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 5486-5492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Starting from the formalism of collisional time-correlation functions, an expression is derived for the double differential cross section (with respect to scattering angles and final rotational energies) of molecules with a thermal distribution of initial rotational states, colliding with fast atoms. This expression is valid when the duration of the collision is short compared with the periods of internal motions of target molecules. The formulation leads to simple distributions in terms of error functions, which can be used to parametrize experimental results. The parameters in turn give the average rotational energy and its standard deviation for the final state. This procedure is followed to interpret recent experimental measurements of the final rotational distributions of CO and CO2 colliding with fast hydrogen atoms obtained from the photolysis of hydrides. For CO(v=1) and CO2(0001), in which the collisions are impulsive, the derived formula fits the experimental distribution very well. For CO(v=0), in which long-duration, complex-forming collisions play an important role, an additional statistical distribution can be introduced to satisfactorily explain the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456453
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adsorption site determination of light elements on heavy substrates by low-energy ion channeling (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 5256-5262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion channeling in the low-keV energy range is demonstrated by means of the technique of time-of-flight scattering and recoiling spectrometry. The predictions of the Lindhard string model of ion channeling are compared with the experimental findings. Qualitative agreement was obtained between the experimentally measured critical angles and the predictions of the model. The technique of low-energy ion channeling is shown to be capable of quantitatively probing the positions of light elements on heavy substrates with analysis by simple geometrical constructs. Classical ion trajectory simulations using the scattering and recoiling imaging code were used to observe the details of the ion trajectories. Quantitative analysis of the Pt(111)-(1×1)-H surface using 5 keV Ne+ shows that the hydrogen atoms preferentially populate the threefold fcc sites with a height of 0.9±0.1 Å above the first-layer Pt atoms and a corresponding Pt–H bond length of 1.9±0.1 Å. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371508
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct measurements of energy transfer between identical chromophores in solution (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 7557-7562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rate of intramolecular electronic excitation energy transfer in 9,9' bifluorene has been investigated in a variety of solvents, using both time-correlated single photon counting and femtosecond fluorescence upconversion technique. The kinetics of energy transfer were determined in both cases by time dependent fluorescence anisotropy measurements. The energy transfer dynamics between fluorene moieties has been found to occur on a time scale of approximately 600 fs in different solvents and has been correlated with the T2 value calculated from the absorption linewidth and the β value obtained from jet measurements. The dihedral angle between the fluorene moieties was also calculated from the anisotropy measurement and compared with the values obtained from a solution phase NMR determination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457279
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poloidal rotation in tokamaks with large electric field gradients (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 159-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ion poloidal flow velocity near the plasma edge in a tokamak has been calculated by extending neoclassical theory to include orbit squeezing, which is the reduction of the ion banana widths due to radial electric field shear. The pressure gradient-driven ion parallel flow is reduced by orbit squeezing, and then no longer cancels the diamagnetic flow in its contribution to poloidal flow. This allows the poloidal flow velocity to be a significant fraction of the ion diamagnetic velocity, which can be much larger than the standard neoclassical value (proportional to the ion temperature gradient). Equations for determining the poloidal flow and radial electric field profiles self-consistently are given. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A design of a nanometer size metal particle generator: Thermal decomposition of metal carbonyls (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 4366-4369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have developed a method which can produce both pure and alloy nanometer size metal particles in a large scale. This method combines a thermal decomposition of metal carbonyls with a collision induced clustering. Metal carbonyls are thermally decomposed with a hot filament and resultant bare metal atoms undergo collisions to produce nanometer size metal particles. This method requires a very simple experimental setup even though it is a high efficiency production method. Using this method, we have produced, high purity Fe, Mo, and alloy Fe/Mo nanometer size metal particles. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150081
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral and Neuropathologic Changes Induced by Central Injection of Carboxyl-Terminal Fragment of β-Amyloid Precursor Protein in Mice (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 71 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Expression of the carboxyl-terminal fragment (CT) of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in transgenic animals has been linked with neurotoxicity. However, it remains to be clarified whether the neurotoxicity is caused by β-amyloid proteins (Aβs) derived from CT or by CT itself. To study the in vivo neurotoxicity of CT, mice were given a single intracerebroventricular injection of a recombinant 105-amino acid CT (CT105; 68.5–685 pmol, intracerebroventricularly), and changes in behavior and in brain histology were examined. Animals given CT105 (410 or 685 pmol, intracerebroventricularly) showed a dose-dependent impairment in the passive avoidance performance, whereas boiled CT105 had no effect. CT105 (685 pmol, intracerebroventricularly) induced reactive gliosis in neocortex and hippocampus and neurodegeneration in neocortex. These results indicate that centrally administered CT105 induces behavioral impairment and neuropathologic changes, suggesting a direct toxic effect of CT105 per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71020875.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition condition and thickness dependence on magnetic properties of sputtered NiFeCo thin films : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5446-5448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The soft magnetic properties of polycrystalline NiFeCo films have been investigated in the thickness range of 20–2400 A(ring). The films were deposited by dc magnetron sputtering, at 5 A(ring)/s, from a Ni66Fe16Co18 high purity target, and under an applied magnetic field of 85 Oe. The effects of deposition pressure on the film crystal structure and magnetic properties have been investigated via x-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. Both easy and hard axis coercivity values decrease significantly as the deposition pressure was changed from 7 to 3 mTorr, with the corresponding effects observed in the magnetoresistance and anisotropy field values, respectively. The magnetic data at 3 mTorr showed a nonlinear behavior at thicknesses below 1000 A(ring), while at 7 mTorr the nonlinearity is present in both the low and high end thicknesses. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362333
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallographic and magnetic properties of NdFe10.7TiM0.3(M=B, Ti) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5516-5518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: NdFe10.7TiM0.3(M=B, Ti) has been studied with x-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and a vibrating sample magnetometer. The alloys were prepared by arc-melting under an argon atmosphere. The NdFe10.7TiB0.3 exhibits a pure single phase, whereas the NdFe10.7Ti1.3 contains some α-Fe, from x-ray and Mössbauer measurements. The NdFe10.7TiB0.3 has the ThMn12-type tetragonal structure with a0=8.587 A(ring) and c0=4.788 A(ring). The Curie temperature (TC) is 570 K from Mössbauer spectroscopy performed at various temperatures ranging from 13 to 770 K. Each spectrum below TC was fitted with five subspectra of Fe sites in the structure (8i1, 8i2, 8j1, 8j2, and 8f ). The area fraction of the subspectra at room temperature are 16.4%, 8.2%, 14.8%, 21.3%, and 39.3%, respectively. Magnetic hyperfine fields for the Fe sites decrease on the order of Hhf(8i)(approximately-greater-than)Hhf(8j)(approximately-greater-than)Hhf(8f ). The average hyperfine field Hhf(T) of the NdFe10.7TiB0.3 shows a temperature dependence of [Hhf(T)−Hhf(O)]/Hhf(O)=−0.39(T/TC)3/2 & −0.17(T/TC)5/2 for T/TC〈0.7, indicative of spin-wave excitation. Annealing the alloy at around TC for 60 min resulted in a two phase microstructure consisting of a ThMn12-type structure and α-Fe. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361851
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