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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between hypertonic and isotonic saline-induced sputum in the evaluation of airway inflammation in subjects with moderate asthma (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Hypertonic saline-indueed sputum has recently been used for the evaluation of airway inflammation in asthma.Objective To assess the effect of hypertonicity on airway inflammation.Methods We compared the inflammatory cell composition of hypertonic saline-induced sputum with that of isotonic saline-induced sputum in 21 asthmatic subjects and, at baseline and 30min after each sputum induction, we measured bronchial hyper-responsiveness to methacholine as an indirect marker to detect increased airway inflammation. On two different days, the patients inhaled hypertonic saline (3–5% NaCl) or isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl) for 30 min via an ultrasonic nebulizer, while monitoring FEV1. Sputum was collected for inflammatory cell analysis.Results There was no difference in inflammatory cell percentages obtained with the two methods. Eosinophils were 〉1% in 20 subjects after hypertonic saline and in 16 subjects after isotonic saline, but this difference was not statistically significant. Intraclass correlation coefficients for sputum inflammatory cells obtained with the two methods were +0.642 for eosinophils, +0.644 for neutrophils. +0.544 for lymphocytes and +0.505 for macrophages. Hypertonic saline induced bronchoconstriction in a significantly greater number of subjects than isotonic saline. Also, hypertonic saline increased bronchial responsiveness to methacholine. while isotonic saline did not.Conclusion We conclude that hypertonicity does not affect sputum cell composition, suggesting that inflammatory cells in hypertonic saline-induced sputum are probably preexisting and not acutely recruited in the airways by the hypertonic stimulus. However, the bronchoconstriction and the increase in bronchial hyper-responsiveness after hypertonic saline inhalation may imply the release of inflammatory mediators. This fact must be considered in the evaluation of soluble markers of inflammation in hypertonic salineinduced sputum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00541.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correspondence (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02393.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pattern of specific airway response in asthma due to western red cedar (Thuja plicata): relationship with length of exposure and lung function measurements (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 17 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to investigate the relationship between the pattern of response (immediate, late and dual) to specific bronchial challenge test with plicatic acid or red cedar extract and the clinical features of asthma, 332 patients with-asthma induced by western red cedar dust were examined at the time of diagnosis. Specific challenge test induced in thirty-one patients (9.3%) an isolated immediate reaction, in 144 patients (43.4%) an isolated late reaction and in 157 patients (47.3%) a dual reaction. Patients with a dual reaction had a longer period of exposure to red cedar dust between the onset of the respiratory symptoms and the time of the definitive diagnosis, a lower FEF 25–75% and a greater degree of non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness compared to patients with isolated immediate or isolated late reactions; the difference in bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine among the three groups persisted when the values were adjusted for the different baseline value of FEV1. There was no difference in the prevalence of specific serum IgE antibodies to plicatic acid-human serum albumin conjugate among the three groups of patients with different type of response to red cedar. Except for the greater degree of non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness, patients with isolated late reactions were not different from those with isolated immediate reactions in other clinical findings. These findings indicate that a dual reaction in patients with occupational asthma due to simple chemical agents is indicative of a greater severity of disease at diagnosis. The pathogenetic mechanism of various types of asthmatic reaction is unknown and it is likely to be different between isolated immediate and isolated late reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1987.tb02023.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skin reactivity and specific IgE levels in the evaluation of allergic sensitivity to common allergens for epidemiological purposes (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 16 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An investigation was conducted to test the validity of the skin-prick test (SPT) with eleven common allergens (Lofarma series proposed by Italian National Research Council for epidemiological studies) as a method for predicting the presence of specific antibodies in serum. The relationship between SPT, evaluated by two different methods (MWD = mean weal diameter, AHWR = allergen histamine weal ratio), and specific IgE levels (RAST) has been investigated in 101 patients tested consecutively for suspected allergic disease. Sensitivity, specificity and overall efficiency were assessed for different criteria of SPT positivity (≥4 mm or ≥5 mm using MWD; ++ or +++ using AHWR). For pollens and moulds, a weal diameter ≥5 mm gave better results than 4 mm, whereas for mites a MWD ≥4 mm showed a better sensitivity and overall efficiency than 5 mm. Danders showed low sensitivity when either 5 or 4 mm criterion was considered. AHWR evaluation gave no better results, except for animal danders. Correlation coefficients between weal size and RAST class showed a good relationship for mites and pollens using both methods of SPT evaluation; a moderate relationship was observed with MWD criterion for moulds and with AHWR for danders.We conclude that a weal diameter ≥5 mm can be assumed to predict RAST positivity for pollens and moulds, and for mites, a weal ≥4 mm can be a more accurate criterion. The poor correlation between weal diameter and RAST positivity for such allergens as animal danders and moulds suggests that in these cases SPT should be associated to specific serum IgE evaluation to prove allergic sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb01953.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood markers of early and late airway responses to allergen in asthmatic subjects. Relationship with functional findings (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We evaluated the relationship between blood markers of mast-cell (plasma histamine and serum level of heat-stable neutrophil chemotactic activity [NCA]) and eosinophil (serum eosinophil cationic protein [ECP]) activation during early airway response (EAR) and late airway response (LAR) to allergen inhalation in 24 asthmatic subjects. After EAR, 14 subjects showed significant LAR (FEV1 fall: 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:01054538:ALL32:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉25%), while 10 subjects showed equivocal LAR (FEV1 fall: 15–20%). A significant increase from baseline value was observed in plasma histamine and in serum NCA during both EAR and LAR, while serum ECP significantly increased only during LAR. The sensitivity of different markers to detect significant FEV1 fall during EAR and LAR was low, except for NCA. Changes in blood mediators were similar in both groups with significant and equivocal LAR. There was a significant relationship between the increase in NCA during EAR and the severity of LAR. Stepwise regression between changes in different blood markers showed a significant relationship between histamine increase during EAR and ECP increase during LAR. Thus, serum NCA is a more sensitive marker of EAR and LAR than plasma histamine and serum ECP, and its increase during EAR seems predictive of the severity of the subsequent LAR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02543.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific inhalation challenge with wheat flour in workers with suspected baker's asthma (1999)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 72 (1999), S. 335-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Baker's asthma ; Specific inhalation challenge test ; Airborne wheat flour dust
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of the specific inhalation challenge test (SIC) in 160 subjects with suspected baker's asthma and to assess its relation to total flour dust levels and to personal characteristics such as specific skin sensitisation, non-specific bronchial hyper-responsiveness (NSBH) and atopy. Methods: We investigated the outcome of SIC tests performed with wheat flour in six Italian laboratories. For each subject, data was available regarding skin sensitisation to wheat flour, NSBH, atopy, forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) monitoring and airborne flour dust in the challenge chamber measured by the gravimetric method (total dust in mg/m3). Results: The SIC test was positive for early asthma in 42 subjects (26%) and for late/dual asthma in 18 (11%). Positive outcome to SIC was significantly associated with NBSH (odds ratio, OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.6–7.7) and skin sensitisation to wheat flour (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.3–7.0). Exposure level to wheat flour was less than or equal to 10 mg/m3 in 12% of individuals, ranged between 11 and 30 mg/m3 in 43% and exceeded 30 mg/m3 in 45%. The outcome of SIC was always negative among workers not skin sensitised to wheat flour and without NSBH and atopy. An increasing prevalence of positive SIC was observed among workers with one or more of the above-mentioned personal characteristics whose challenge exposure was greater than 10 mg/m3 (P 〈 0.001). Conclusion: Procedures currently adopted for wheat flour dust exposure during SIC need to be better standardised in order to avoid excessive airborne dust exposure. Over-exposure seems to be of no use for the diagnosis and risks making the asthmatic reaction worse, particularly in patients who are both sensitised to wheat allergens and have NSBH and/or atopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004200050384
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxic myopathy induced by industrial minerals oils: Clinical and histopathological features (1986)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 7 (1986), S. 599-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Myopathy ; toxic agents ; mineral oils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Viene descritto un caso di miopatia subacuta insorta in un uomo di 47 anni addetto alla manutenzione e pulizia delle caldaie di combustione di una centrale termoelettrica. L'anamnesi lavorativa mette in risalto la rilevanza dell'esposizione all'inalazione delle ceneri, derivate dalla combustione di oli minerali e contenenti vari elementi, metalli e metalloidi, tra cui in particolare vanadio e nichel. La sintomatologia d'esordio, il decorso clinico ed i dati istopatologici muscolari suggeriscono come l'esposizione al tossico abbia una verosimile importanza nella determinazione del quadro.
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of subacute myopathy in a 47 years old man engaged on boiler maintenance at an oil-fired thermoelectric power station. The occupational history highlighted heavy exposure to inhalation of ash derived from mineral oil combustion and containing several elements, metals and metalloids, including vanadium and nickel. The presenting symptoms, clinical course and muscle histopathology suggest that exposure to toxic agents probably played an important part in the causation of the myopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02341474
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