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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1975-1979  (10)
  • 1880-1889
  • 1860-1869
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of mixed solvent quality in a polystyrene-dioctyl phthalate-polystyrene system (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 181-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: ternary solutions ; solvent quality ; polystyrene-dioctyl phthalate ; light scattering ; Boger fluid ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polymer solvent interactions in the ternary system high molecular weight polystyrene (HMPS), low molecular weight polystyrene (LMPS), and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) have been characterized by means of intrinsic viscometry (IV), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and static light scattering (SLS). Excluded volume exponents have been extracted from the scaling of intrinsic viscosity and translational diffusivity with polymer molecular weight for a mixed solvent of 13 wt % LMPS/87 wt % DOP. The value of the excluded volume exponent, v = 0.45, indicates that HMPS in the mixed solvent DOP/LMPS has apparently assumed a reduced conformation relative to the theta condition. However, SLS measures of the second virial coefficient (A2) confirm that DOP is a theta solvent at our experimental temperature of 22°C and indicate that the addition of LMPS increases A2. SLS also suggests that neither solvent component is strongly preferentially adsorped into the HMPS coil. Our system then is a mixture of a theta solvent and a good solvent that exhibits poor solvent scaling behavior. We believe this to be the first demonstration of such behavior in a system that does not exhibit appreciable preferential adsorption. We conclude by examining our observations in the context of current descriptions of mixed solvent thermodynamics. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear cyclodextrin-containing polyelectrolytes, 1. Synthesis of poly(1-vinylimidazole)-supported β-cyclodextrin. Effect of pH and ionic strength on the solution behaviour (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 196 (1995), S. 343-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of linear weak polyelectrolytes containing β-cyclodextrin pendant groups was synthesized by chemical modification of poly(1-vinylimidazole). Studies on their solution behaviour as a functon of pH and the nature and ionic strength of added salts showed original features which are explained in terms of competitive residue-residue and residue-solvent interactions and anion binding to cyclodextrin moieties.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1995.021960124
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interface, morphology, and the rheological properties of polymethylmethacrylate/impact modifier blends (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 2623-2634 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: interface ; surface tension ; rheological ; morphology ; polymethylmethacrylate ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Impact modifiers with grafted PMMA shell are used to modify polymethylmethacrylate matrix. The composition of the shell is chosen to enhance the interactions at the modifier/matrix interface and to obtain good dispersion of the impact modifier in order to optimize impact strength of the blend. The degree of interactions at the interface is characterized by the interfacial region where the chains of the matrix mix with those of the shell of the modifier. The deviation of the measured viscoelastic behavior of these blends from that predicted by the emulsion models has been attributed to the formation of the network structure due to the association of matrix chains with the shell of the modifier. It is expected that the network structure will decrease with increasing frequency and, as such, the effective volume of the particle is frequency dependent. This study uses the emulsion models to estimate the larger effective volume of the particle and, therefore, the extent of interaction at the interface. In the blends of this study it can be shown that at low modifier levels the solvent swelling of the modifier shell results in stronger interactions with the matrix; this effect is negated by the aggregation of particles at higher modifier loadings. The interaction of core modifier with the PMMA matrix seems to be similar to that of the core-shell modifier. This would not be expected from the calculated interfacial thickness of approximately 4 nm. It is, therefore, proposed that during melt-processing the core modifier surface was altered due to grafting of the matrix PMMA chains during melt-blending to (BA/St) copolymer of the core modifier thus reducing the interfacial tension. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. 36: 2623-2634, 1998
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between structure and rheological properties in the melt of polymers containing spherical inclusions (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 301-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: polymer blends ; melt rheology ; crosslinked rubber ; structured latex ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The linear viscoelastic behavior of model rubbertoughened polymer melts has been studied. The most significant influence of the dispersed crosslinked rubber phase on the melt rheology of the blends is the existence of a secondary plateau for the storage modulus G′ at low frequencies. This behavior was ascribed to a percolation phenomenon, leading to the formation of a threedimensional network of inclusions, and contributing to the elasticity at low frequencies of the blend. Two different systems were investigated: (a) a polystyrene matrix with crosslinked and structured latex particles and (b) silicon oil matrices with homogeneous crosslinked PMMA particles. An initial shearing history was found to influence the dynamic mechanical properties of the molten blends and in particular to lower the lowfrequency plateau value for G′. During a subsequent annealing, the plateau modulus increases again. These results are in agreement with the assumption of a particle network.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060508
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanistic study of thermal behavior and combustion performance of epoxy resins: I homopolymerized TGDDM (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 53-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: epoxy resin ; homopolymerization ; thermal decomposition ; combustion ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Tetraglycidyl 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) undergoes homopolymerization on heating. Intramolecular reactions which compete with crosslinking favor the formation of cyclic structures with increasing thermal and fire resistance of the resin, whereas physical mechanical properties tend to decrease.The mechanism of thermal decomposition of TGDDM is studied by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal volatilization analysis with characterization of volatiles evolved and residue left. Thermal degradation of poly-(TGDDM) starts at 260°C with elimination of water from secondary alcoholic groups which is a typical pathway for epoxy resin degradation. Resulting unsaturations weaken bonds in the β-position and provoke the first chain breaking at allyl-amine and allyl-either bonds. With increasing temperature, saturated alkyl-ether bonds and alkyl carbon-carbon bonds are broken first, followed by the most stable alkyl-aryl bonds at T〉365°C. The combustion performance of TGDDM is discussed on the basis of the thermal degradation behavior.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060201
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epoxy resins cured with aminophenylmethylphosphine oxide 1: Combustion performance (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 7 (1996), S. 823-830 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: epoxy resin ; phosphorylated hardener ; combusion ; fire retardancy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The kinetics of curing tetraglycidyl 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) or of the mixture TGDDM/diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) by bis(m-aminophenyl)methylphosphine oxide (BAMPO) was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. At low advancement of curing (〈50%), the low activation energy interaction between epoxy and amino groups seems to be controlled by diffusion, whereas above 50% the role of homopolymerization tends to increase and the process becomes chemically controlled.BAMPO shows a higher fire-retardant effectiveness in the mixture TGDDM/DGEBA than in TGDDM or DGEBA alone, for which the oxygen and nitrous oxide index tests suggest a condensed phase or a gas phase fire-retardant action depending on phosphorus content. An intumescent char is formed on the surface of burning fire-retarded specimens which tends, however, to be oxidized, thus reducing the fire-proofing effect at high BAMPO content.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of poly(vinyl bromide) on the layering of cotton fibers in flame-retardant cotton/polyester blends (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 1079-1085 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Cotton and cotton/polyester blends treated with phosphorus-nitrogen polymers and poly-(vinyl bromide) for flame retardance were examined in the electron microscope. A considerable amount of the poly(vinyl bromide) was retained by the cotton fibers. Expansion studies indicated that the poly(vinyl bromide) acted either as a morphologic adhesive or as a nonpolar matrix impervious to penetration by methacrylate before swelling.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190415
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinitiated polymerization of N-methylolacrylamide with crosslinked cotton cellulose (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 1739-1745 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of crosslinking both unswollen and swollen cotton cellulose on the photoinitiated reactions of N-methylolacrylamide (NMA) with cotton are reported. Formaldehyde and dimethylolethyleneurea were used as crosslinking agents. Crosslinked cellulose had a decreased efficiency of photoconversion of NMA to poly(N-methylolacrylamide) (pNMA) with cotton. If the cellulose was crosslinked in the swollen state, increased dosages of ultraviolet radiation gave complete conversion of NMA to pNMA with cotton. Cotton that was crosslinked in the unswollen state probably restricted movement of the aqueous solution of NMA within the fiber and fabric structures and decreased chain propagation within the structures. This restriction resulted in decreased photoconversion of NMA to pNMA with cotton. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of cotton cellulose that was crosslinked in the swollen state and of cotton cellulose that was crosslinked in the unswollen state showed that swollen cotton was less compacted than unswollen cotton.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070240713
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nonelectrostatic interactions on the macromolecular behavior of polyelectrolytes. III. Optical rotatory dispersion of PLL in water and aqueous-organic mixtures (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 13 (1975), S. 2305-2318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have investigated the optical rotatory dispersion of a stereo-irregular polyelectrolyte when neutralized with alkaline and N-tetraalkylammonium hydroxides, both in water and aqueousacetone mixtures.The variations of the optical activity properties during the neutralization can be well related to potentiometric and viscosity measurements. They are interpreted by assuming two kinds of solvation of the chiral centers located on the main chain, to which two partial optical rotary dispersions (ORD) of opposite signs are associated. The observed optical activity changes and specifically the discontinuity occurring in the neutralization range where a conformational transition between a compact structure and a more extended one is initiated, are thus accounted for in terms of the corresponding changes in the state of solvation of chains.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.170131012
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of polyion conformation on dye binding. I. Fluorescence of acridine orange in the presence of synthetic polyacids (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction between polyelectrolytes and Acridine Orange (AO) has been investigated in the case of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA), and a polycondensate between 1,3-benzene disulfonyl chloride and L-lysine (PLL) by visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The influence of both polymer ionization and polymer/dye ratio (P/D) on the spectral behavior of the bound dye has been studied. The stacking tendency of AO is found lower in the presence of PLL under compact conformation (in an ionization range depending on the nature of the counterion) with correlated enhancement of the green fluorescence of the monomeric species of the bound dye. The disappearance of the green fluorescence and the dimerization of bound AO are directly related to the increased flexibility of polyion chains upon ionization. Some analogy is found between the behavior of bound AO in the presence of very compact PLL chains and that reported for AO in the presence of native DNA, which might be due to specific interactions responsible for a kind of “intercalation” of the monomeric bound dye.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.170160108
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