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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1975-1979
  • Helical CT  (2)
  • QTL  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Skull ; Craniometry ; Anthropology ; 3-D image ; Helical CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To make a digital image database of human craniology, we optimized the three-dimensional (3-D) images of 29 dried human skull specimens by helical computed tomography (CT). For the verification of the quantitative exactitude of these image data, we manually measured nine items of direct distances between standard anthropologic points on each skull and the corresponding distances projected on the CT monitor by specifying the respective points. The results obtained by the two methods of manual and CT measurements were compared and statistically analyzed. The CT measurements were so exact that the lower limit of correlation coefficients (95% of the confidence interval) between the two results was more than 0.8 in six items; i.e., maximal cranial length and breadth, minimal frontal breadth, bizygomatic breadth, distance between ectomolares and nasion-basion length. In contrast, the CT results were less well correlated with the manual measurements of three items; i.e., distance between bilateral mastoidales, total facial height, and nasal breadth. We concluded that the qualitative representation of 3-D CT images was adequate, although some quantitative data may be incorrect. The inaccuracy is suspected to be due to the difficulty in specifying the standard points on the CT images, and due to the differences in measurement procedures between the direct and projected distances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Skull ; Craniometry ; Anthropology ; 3-D image ; Helical CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Afin d'établir une banque informatisée de données en crâniologie humaine, nous avons recueilli les images tridimensionnelles, de 29 crânes secs, obtenues par scanner hélicoïdal. Pour vérifier les données obtenues, nous avons mesuré manuellement 9 longueurs situées entre les repères crâniologiques classiques sur chaque crâne et les distances correspondantes entre les points analogues sur la console du scanner. Les résultats obtenus par les 2 méthodes de mesure manuelle et par scanner sont comparés et analysés statistiquement. Les mesures scanner sont situées à la limite inférieure de corrélation entre les 2 résultats (95% d'intervalle de confiance) et supérieures à 0.8 dans 6 mesures : la longueur et la largeur maximales crâniennes, la largeur minimale frontale, la largeur bizygomatique, la distance entre les faces externes des molaires et la longueur nasion-basion. Par contre, les mesures scanner sont moins concordantes avec les résultats manuels dans 3 mesures : distance intermastoïdienne, hauteur faciale totale et largeur nasale. Nous en concluons que la représentation qualitative des images scanner est correcte, même si quelques données chiffrées sont imprécises. Les causes d'erreurs sont, semble t-il, dues à la difficulté de repérer les points crâniologiques précis sur les images scanner, ainsi qu'à la différence des techniques de mesure entre une donnée directe et une en projection.
    Notes: Summary To make a digital image database of human craniology, we optimized the three-dimensional (3-D) images of 29 dried human skull specimens by helical computed tomography (CT). For the verification of the quantitative exactitude of these image data, we manually measured nine items of direct distances between standard anthropologic points on each skull and the corresponding distances projected on the CT monitor by specifying the respective points. The results obtained by the two methods of manual and CT measurements were compared and statistically analyzed. The CT measurements were so exact that the lower limit of correlation coefficients (95% of the confidence interval) between the two results was more than 0.8 in six items; i.e., maximal cranial length and breadth, minimal frontal breadth, bizygomatic breadth, distance between ectomolares and nasion-basion length. In contrast, the CT results were less well correlated with the manual measurements of three items; i.e., distance between bilateral mastoidales, total facial height, and nasal breadth. We concluded that the qualitative representation of 3-D CT images was adequate, although some quantitative data may be incorrect. The inaccuracy is suspected to be due to the difficulty in specifying the standard points on the CT images, and due to the differences in measurement procedures between the direct and projected distances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L. ; RFLP mapping ; QTL ; Heading date ; Backcross progeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Fine mapping was carried out on three putative QTLs (tentatively designated as Hd-1 to Hd-3) of five such QTLs controlling heading date in rice that had been earlier identified using an F2 population derived from a cross between a japonica variety, ‘Nipponbare’, and an indica variety, ‘Kasalath’, using progeny backcrossed with ‘Nipponbare’ as the recurrent parent. One BC3F2 and two BC3F1 plants, in which the target QTL regions were heterozygous and most other chromosomal regions were homozygous for the ‘Nipponbare’ allele, were selected as the experimental material. Self-pollinated progeny (BC3F2 and BC3F3) of the BC3F1 or BC3F2 showed continuous variation in days to heading. By means of progeny testing based on BC3F3 or BC3F4 lines, we determined the genotypes of each BC3F2 or BC3F3 individual at target QTLs. Their segregation patterns fitted Mendelian inheritance ratios. When the results obtained by RFLP analysis and progeny tests were combined, Hd-1, Hd-2 and Hd-3 were mapped precisely on chromosomes 6, 7 and 6, respectively, of a rice RFLP linkage map. The results demonstrated that QTLs can be treated as Mendelian factors. Moreover, these precise locations were in good agreement with the regions estimated by QTL analysis of the initial F2 population, demonstrating the high reliability of QTL mapping using a high-density linkage map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Regeneration ability ; QTL ; Rice ; Oryza sativa L. ; Seed callus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling the regeneration ability of rice seed callus were detected using 245 RFLP markers and 98 BC1F5 lines derived from two varieties, ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘Kasalath’. Regeneration ability was evaluated by two indices: average number of regenerated shoots per callus (NRS) and regeneration rate (RR). The BC1F5 lines showed continuous segregation for both indices. Five putative QTL for NRS (tentatively named qRg1, qRg2, qRg4a, qRg4b and qRg4c) located on chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 were detected. Digenic interaction among these detected QTL was not significant (P〈0.01). Among the five QTL detected, four ‘Kasalath’ alleles and one ‘Nipponbare’ allele increased NRS. According to an estimate based on the nearest marker loci, the five QTL accounted for 38.5% of the total phenotypic variation of the BC1F5 lines. For RR, four putative QTL were detected on chromosomes 2 and 4, and all of these were in the same chromosomal regions as the NRS QTL. The four RR QTL accounted for 32.6% of the total phenotypic variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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