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  • 1
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    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. 18 (1915) 22 
    ISSN: 0030-5383
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Ethnic Sciences , History
    Notes: Besprechungen
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: BACKGROUND: Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor characterized by a low potential to interact with the cytochrome P450 enzyme system in man. Its effect on intragastric pH following single and repeated oral intake was investigated in comparison to omeprazole by continuous intragastric pH-metry at doses recommended for treatment of peptic ulcer disease. METHODS: Sixteen healthy male subjects underwent two dosing periods. From day 1 to day 7, they were given once daily by mouth 40 mg pantoprazole in one period and 20 mg omeprazole in the other period, according to a double-blind randomized crossover design. Twenty-four-hour intragastric pH was recorded and frequent blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were taken on day 1 and day 7. A placebo pH profile was obtained prior to each treatment period. RESULTS: Pantoprazole was significantly more effective than omeprazole with regard to increase in 24-h and daytime pH, following both single (median 24-h pH: 1.45 vs. 1.3, P 〈 0.05; median daytime pH: 1.6 vs. 1.3, P 〈 0.01) and repeated (median 24-h pH: 3.15 vs. 2.05, P 〈 0.01; median daytime pH: 3.8 vs. 2.65, P 〈 0.05) oral intake. As compared to the first dose, repeated administration of both drugs markedly increased the effect on intragastric pH. With pantoprazole, steady- state serum concentrations were obtained after the first dose, but not with omeprazole. Both drugs were well tolerated without relevant changes in vital signs of clinical laboratory parameters. CONCLUSION: Pantoprazole 40 mg is significantly more effective than omeprazole 20 mg in raising intragastric pH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The radioactive barium nuclide140Ba (T 1/2=12.8 d) has been separated chemically from fission products of uranium. The scheme of the carrier-free separation is described. The isotope shift in the barium II resonance line 6p 2 P 1/2-6s 2 S 1/2,λ=4934 Å has been measured by means of a pressure scanned Fabry-Pérot interferometer. The resultΔv(140Ba-138Ba)=−39.3 (3.2)mK has been used together with the remeasured isotope shift values of138Ba,136Ba, and134Ba to calculate the change of the mean square radius of the nuclear charge distributionδ〈r 2〉. The results are compared with data for isotonic nuclides of neighbouring elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 124 (1998), S. 288-290 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Keywords Pharmacoeconomics ; High-dose chemotherapy ; Peripheral blood stem cell support
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Discussion of the total costs and cost-effectiveness ratios of patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and peripheral blood stem cell support (PBSCS) is controversial. In Germany, no reliable data are available, whereas in other countries this issue has been extensively studied. We performed a pharmacoeconomic evaluation on all patients (n = 37) treated with HDC and PBSCS at our institution between July 1994 and June 1997. Patients suffered from high-risk or poor-prognosis breast cancer (n = 24), Hodgkin's disease (n = 3), high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 4), multiple myeloma (n = 2), small-cell cervical cancer (n = 1), malignant hystiocytosis (n = 1) and testicular cancer (n = 2). For pharmacoeconomic evaluation, the period from initiation of induction chemotherapy (IC) until reconstitution after the last course of HDC and PBSCS was considered. A total of 18 patients received IC/HDC/PBSCS for locally advanced or systemic disease, and 19 patients received adjuvant or consolidation IC/HDC/PBSCS. Treatment protocols were heterogeneous. Patients were treated with two to five courses (median two) respectively of IC and sequential mono-HDC (n = 26), tandem-HDC (n = 10) or triple-HDC (n = 1). All patients received granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for stem cell mobilisation and for amelioration of neutropenia after HDC. The relative costs (based on supplier prices) for the total amount of drugs prescribed during the in-patient period was 29.8% for G-CSF, 35.8% for blood products 18.5% for chemotherapy, 2.4% for antiemetics, 5.9% for antimicrobial drugs and 7.6% for other drugs. Contrary to expectations, antimicrobial drugs had only a minor pharmacoeconomic impact during IC/HDC/PBSCS in patients with high-risk or poor-prognosis malignancies, indicating that prolonged septic complications were uncommon in our institution. We conclude that pharmacoeconomic evaluations in IC/HDC/PBSCS might be integrated into the effort to ensure quality control and monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Urologe 37 (1998), S. 621-624 
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Key words Markerpositive germ cell tumors • Residual tumor resection • Salvage chemotherapy • High dose chemotherapy ; Schlüsselwörter Markerpositive Keimzelltumoren • Residualtumorresektion (RTR) • Salvagechemotherapie • Hochdosischemotherapie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Aus einer Gruppe von Patienten mit metastasierten Keimzelltumoren, die sich zwischen 1991 und 1997 einer Residualtumorresektion (RTR) unterziehen mußte, wurden 33 ausgewertet, die zum Operationszeitpunkt markerpositiv waren. Die Ergebnisse der histopathologischen Untersuchung des Residuums, der Verlauf der Tumormarker und das progreßfreie sowie rezidivfreie Überleben wurden beurteilt. Die Krankheitsstadien waren bei Primärdiagnose unterschiedlich: „minimal disease“n = 1, „moderate disease“n = 15 und „advanced disease“n = 17. Diese Patientengruppe hatte durchschnittlich 8,5 cisplatinhaltige Zyklen einer Polychemotherapie erhalten. Nur 11 Patienten wurden nach First-line-Chemotherapie operiert, die übrigen 22 nach Second-line- bzw. Third-line-Chemotherapie. Bei 12 von 31 auswertbaren Patienten konnte eine anhaltende komplette Remission erzielt werden. Die mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit beträgt für diese Gruppe 30 Monate (2–58 Monate). Die Histologie des Resektats und die Höhe der Tumormarker vor der RTR erlauben keine prognostische Einschätzung. Die Operation führt bei 44 % der AFP- und 30 % der HCG-positiven Patienten zu einer anhaltenden Remission. Sind zum Zeitpunkt der RTR die Tumormarker im Normbereich, beträgt die tumorfreie Überlebensrate 72 %; bei präoperativ erhöhten Markern überleben 39 %. Gelingt keine Markernormalisierung durch intensivierte Chemotherapie, so bleibt die RTR die einzige Möglichkeit, um den schicksalhaften Krankheitsverlauf zu beeinflussen.
    Notes: Summary We analyzed 33 patients with disseminated germ cell tumors (GCT) who underwent residual tumor resection (RTR) during the period from 1991–1997. The patients were markerpositive prior to surgery were analyzed. The histopathological examination of the resected masses, the marker dynamics and the relapse-free respectively the progressionfree survival, were evaluated. The status differed at primary diagnosis: minimal disease n = 1, moderate disease n = 15, advanced disease n = 17. The patients received at average 8,5 cisplatin-containing cycles of polychemotherapy. Only 11 patients underwent surgery after first-line-chemotherapy. The remaining received second- or third-line-chemotherapy prior to surgery. In 12 of 31 evaluable patients, a durable CR was achieved. The median follow-up for this group is 30 months (2–58 months). The histopathologic examination of the resected specimen and the tumor marker level prior to RTR do not permit determination of prognostic outcome. After operation 44 % of the AFP-positive and 30 % of the β -HCG-positive patients had a durable remission. If tumor marker levels at time of RTR are within normal range, disease-free survival is 72 %; in case of elevated markers 39 % will survive. If intensive chemotherapy fails to normalize markers, RTR remains the only option to change the fatal course of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 27 (1998), S. 301-304 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Key words Sample size • Alpha-beta-power • Effect size ; Schlüsselwörter Stichprobenumfang •α-, β-Fehler/Power • Effektgröße
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Aussagekraft einer klinischen Studie hängt in hohem Maße von der Größe der untersuchten Stichprobe ab. Der optimale Stichprobenumfang kann problemlos berechnet werden, wenn α-Fehler, Power und Effektgröße bekannt sind. In Therapiestudien betragen das α-Fehler-Niveau und die Power meist 5% bzw. 90%. Für den Stichprobenumfang ist deshalb die Effektgröße, die vom Kliniker aufgrund medizinischer Überlegungen festgelegt wird, entscheidend. Die möglichen Konsequenzen sowohl zu kleiner als auch zu großer Stichproben werden anhand der inhaltlichen Bedeutung von α-Fehler, Power und Effektgröße erörtert. Zu kleine Stichproben besitzen ein hohes Risiko falsch negativer Ergebnisse und können dazu führen, daß eine möglicherweise wirksame Therapie nicht angewandt wird. Zu große Stichproben können statistisch signifikante Unterschiede zur Folge haben, die klinisch jedoch bedeutungslos sind.
    Notes: Summary A determinant for the evidence of a clinical trial is the magnitude of the sample size. The proper sample size can be easily computed with the knowledge of α, power and effect size. Standard values for α and power in clinical trials are 5% and 90%, respectively. As consequence, effect size is crucial for the sample size. The effect size has to be determined by the clinician according to medical considerations. Possible consequences of sample sizes that are either too small or too large are discussed with regard to the meaning of α, power and effect size. Trials with improper small samples sizes have a high risk of false negative results, and may subsequently prevent the application of a possibly effective therapy. Trials with improper large sample sizes may result in statistically significant differences without any clinical relevance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 5 (1999), S. 598-606 
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Traditionell werden neue therapeutische Konzepte in der Therapie von malignen Erkrankungen ausschließlich unter dem Aspekt der Sicherheit und klinischen Effizienz beurteilt. Erst in den letzten Jahren ist zu beobachten, daß zunehmend auch wirtschaftliche Fragestellungen systematisch untersucht werden. Unter diesem Aspekt ist die Hochdosischemotherapie (HDT) besonders interessant. Der Einsatz der HDT hat die Therapiemöglichkeiten bisher unheilbarer maligner und einiger benignen Erkrankungen erweitert, ihr medizinischer und ökonomischer Stellenwert ist bislang jedoch noch nicht ausreichend definiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 79.20.DS; 81.90.+c; 78.90.+t
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  Interaction phenomena of 50 ns copper vapour laser pulses (λ=511/578 nm) with matter are investigated. The basic ablation process is classified into four fundamental classes. On basis of this classification processing results are connected with specific material properties like the brittleness, the viscosity of the melt or the optical properties. Knowing these properties a prognosis of the expected fundamental process is possible. In order to generate a geometrically defined structure via ablation in a given material-specific process, strategies have to be developed. Typical examples for process strategies are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 79.20.DS ; 81.90. + c ; 78.90. + t
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Interaction phenomena of 50 ns copper vapour laser pulses (λ = 511/578 nm) with matter are investigated. The basic ablation process is classified into four fundamental classes. On basis of this classification processing results are connected with specific material properties like the brittleness, the viscosity of the melt or the optical properties. Knowing these properties a prognosis of the expected fundamental process is possible. In order to generate a geometrically defined structure via ablation in a given material-specific process, strategies have to be developed. Typical examples for process strategies are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Radiation-induced hydrocarbons ; Irradiated components ; Processed food ; Complex lipid matrices ; Argentation chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Detection of irradiated components in processed food with complex lipid matrices can be affected by two problems. First, the processed food may contain only a small amount of the irradiated component, and the radiation-induced hydrocarbons may be diluted throughout the lipid matrix of the whole food. Second, in complex lipid matrices, the detection of prior irradiation is often disturbed by fat-associated compounds. In these cases, common solid phase extraction (SPE) Florisil clean-up alone is inadequate in the detection of prior irradiation. Subsequent SPE argentation chromatography of the Florisil eluate allows the measurement of small amounts of irradiated lipid-containing ingredients in processed food as well as the detection of prior irradiation in complex lipid matrices such as paprika and chilli. SPE argentation chromatography is the first method available for the selective enrichment of radiation-specific hydrocarbons from even complex lipid matrices, thus enabling the detection of irradiation doses as low as 0.025 kGy. Furthermore, by using radiation-induced hydrocarbons in the detection of prior irradiation of paprika and chilli powder, a second independent method, the first being measurement of thermoluminescence, is available for the analysis of these matrices. Such analysis could be achieved by using this highly sensitive, cheap and easy to perform combined SPE Florisil/argentation chromatography method, without the need for sophisticated techniques like SFE-GC/MS or LC-GC/MS, so that highly sensitive detection of prior irradiation could be performed in almost every laboratory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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