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  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1970-1974  (5)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (11)
  • Cu  (2)
  • Neonate
  • Polymerase chain reaction
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotavirus infection and bradycardia-apnoea-episodes in the neonate (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 36-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Rotavirus ; Bradycardia ; Apnoea ; Neonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rotavirus (RV), a common cause of infectious enteritis in young children including neonates, has not been associated with central nervous symptoms in standard textbooks. However, involvement of the CNS has been reported recently in case reports and small series. From 786 neonatal admissions in 1991 we retrospectively analysed the records of 215 inpatient neonates (68 preterm and 147 term infants) who developed diarrhoea during their stay on the neonatal ward and in whom stools were investigated for RV antigen by ELISA. All 215 neonates were continuously monitored for bradycardia-apnoea-episodes (BAE) at least 2 days before and during the entire diarrhoeal period. In neonates with RV antigen in stools (n=114) we found a higher incidence of BAE compared to neonates with RV negative stools (33% vs 8%,P〈0.001 for bradycardia; 7% vs 0%,P〈0.05 for apnoea). Furthermore, bradycardia episodes of RV positive neonates were more often followed by cyanosis (11 vs 0%,P〈0.05) and intervention was more often necessary (31 vs 14%,P〈0.05) than in the RV negative neonates. Conclusion RV infection was associated with a high incidence of BAE in neonates with diarrhoea during the acute phase of disease suggesting CNS involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02309854
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotavirus infection and bradycardia-apnoea-episodes in the neonate (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 36-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Rotavirus ; Bradycardia ; Apnoea ; Neonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rotavirus (RV), a common cause of infectious enteritis in young children including neonates, has not been associated with central nervous symptoms in standard textbooks. However, involvement of the CNS has been reported recently in case reports and small series. From 786 neonatal admissions in 1991 we retrospectively analysed the records of 215 inpatient neonates (68 preterm and 147 term infants) who developed diarrhoea during their stay on the neonatal ward and in whom stools were investigated for RV antigen by ELISA. All 215 neonates were continuously monitored for bradycardia-apnoea-episodes (BAE) at least 2 days before and during the entire diarrhoeal period. In neonates with RV antigen in stools (n=114) we found a higher incidence of BAE compared to neonates with RV negative stools (33% vs 8%,P〈0.001 for bradycardia; 7% vs 0%,P〈0.05 for apnoea). Furthermore, bradycardia episodes of RV positive neonates were more often followed by cyanosis (11 vs 0%,P〈0.05) and intervention was more often necessary (31 vs 14%,P〈0.05) than in the RV negative neonates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02115624
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of formerly plowed land in New England to monitor the vertical distribution of lead, zinc and copper in mineral soil (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 95 (1997), S. 75-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Pb ; Cu ; Zn ; trace metal pollution ; air pollution ; Ap horizon ; forest soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In this study, we used once-plowed lands that have returned to forest for over 50 years to study the vertical distribution of meteorologically-deposited lead. These mineral soils were an essentially homogeneous 20 cm-thick layer when last plowed. As such, they were effectively a “clean slate” upon which pollutants deposited since the last plowing can be measured without the confounding aspects of well-developed natural soil horizons and the spatial heterogeneity of native forest soils. The concentration and amount of lead as well as copper and zinc, biologically active metals, were measured at five sites in New England. In the mineral soil, copper content ranged from 25 mg cm depth−1 m−2 at 0–2 cm depth to 37 mg cm depth−1 m−2 at 6–8 cm depth, but showed no consistent pattern with depth at all sites. Zinc concentrations and amounts increased with depth in the mineral soil to 14 μg g−1 and 167 mg cm depth−1 m−2, respectively. In contrast, lead showed a decrease with depth from 350 mg cm depth−1 m−2 at 0–2 cm depth to 102–108 mg cm depth−1 m−2 between 10 and 20 cm depth. At all five sites, decreases in lead concentration with depth were correlated with decreases in the amount of organic mater. Amounts of total lead deposited since the abandonment from plowing have been estimated at 1.4 g m-2 in rural sites. Thirty-five percent of this presumably anthropogenically-derived lead was in the forest floor; the remaining 65 % was in the upper mineral soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02406157
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USE OF FORMERLY PLOWED LAND IN NEW ENGLAND TO MONITOR THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD, ZINC AND COPPER IN MINERAL SOIL (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 95 (1997), S. 75-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Pb ; Cu ; Zn ; trace metal pollution ; air pollution ; Ap horizon ; forest soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In this study, we used once-plowed lands that have returned to forest for over 50 years to study the vertical distribution of meteorologically-deposited lead. These mineral soils were an essentially homogeneous 20 cm-thick layer when last plowed. As such, they were effectively a “clean slate” upon which pollutants deposited since the last plowing can be measured without the confounding aspects of well-developed natural soil horizons and the spatial heterogeneity of native forest soils. The concentration and amount of lead as well as copper and zinc, biologically active metals, were measured at five sites in New England. In the mineral soil, copper content ranged from 25 mg cm depth-1 m-2 at 0–2 cm depth to 37 mg cm depth-1 m-2 at 6–8 cm depth, but showed no consistent pattern with depth at all sites. Zinc concentrations and amounts increased with depth in the mineral soil to 14 μg g-1 and 167 mg cm depth-1 m-2, respectively. In contrast, lead showed a decrease with depth from 350 mg cm depth-1 m-2 at 0–2 cm depth to 102–108 mg cm depth-1 m-2 between 10 and 20 cm depth. At all five sites, decreases in lead concentration with depth were correlated with decreases in the amount of organic mater. Amounts of total lead deposited since the abandonment from plowing have been estimated at 1.4 g m-2 in rural sites. Thirty-five percent of this presumably anthropogenically-derived lead was in the forest floor; the remaining 65% was in the upper mineral soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026451710848
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman studies of nucleic acids. XII. Conformations of oligonucleotides and deuterated polynucleotides (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 13 (1974), S. 1821-1845 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser Raman spectra of the trinucleoside diphoshate ApApA and dinucleoside phosphates ApU, UpA, GpC, CpG, and GpU are reported and discussed. Assignments of conformationally sensitive frequencies are-facilitated by comparison with spectra reported here of poly(rA), poly(rC), and poly(rU) in deuterium oxide solutions. The significant spectral differences between ApU and UpA, and between GpC and CpG, reveal that the sequence isomers have nonidentical conformations in aqueous solution. In UpA at low temperature the bases are stacked and the backbone conformation is similar to that found in ordered polynucleotide structures and RNA. In ApU no base stacking can be detected and the backbone conformation differs from that found in UpA, both in the orientation of phosphodiester linkages and in the internal conformation of ribose. At the conditions employed neither ApU nor UpA exhibits base pairing in aqueous solutions. In both GpC and CpG the bases are stacked and the phosphodiester conformations are similar to those encountered for UpA and RNA. However, major differences between spectra of GpC and CpG indicate that the geometries of stacking and ribosyl conformations are different. In GpC the Raman data favor the formation of hydrogen bonded dimers containing GC pairs. Protonation of C in GpC is sufficient to eliminate the ordered conformation detected by Raman spectroscopy. Despite the ordered backbone conformation evident in GpU, this dinucleoside apparently contains neither stacked nor hydrogen bonded bases at the conditions employed here. The Raman data also confirm the stacking interactions in ApApA, poly(rA), and poly(rC) but suggest that the backbone conformation in poly(rC) differs qualitatively from that found in most ordered polynucleotide structures and is thermally more stable. The present results demonstrate the sensitivity of the Raman technique to sequence-related structural differences in oligonucleotides and provide additional spectra-structure correlations for future conformational studies of RNA by laser Raman spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1974.360130914
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    General theory of stationary random sequences with applications to the tacticity of polymersPaper presented at the 142nd Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 1962. (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1635-1649 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When, in a poly-α-olefin, the probability that a given placement be isotactic depends upon the tacticity of only a finite number of immediate predecessors, the resulting diastereosequence distribution obeys the theory of Markoff chains. When this is not the case, one says that the resulting diastereosequence distribution is non-Markoffian. A special case of a Markoffian distribution is given by a simple Markof chain in which the tacticity of a given placement is assumed to be affected by only the tacticity of the immediately preceding placement. Another special case is, of course, the Bernoulli trial distribution in which the probability that a given placement be isotactic is independent of the tacticity of all other placements. A high resolution NMR spectrum can sometimes yield a quantitative determination of the concentrations of isotactic and syndiotactic placements and the concentrations of the three types of possible adjacent pairs of such placements (i.e., isotactic, syndiotactic, and heterotactic pairs). When this is the case, the spectrum can be used to determine whether or not a given diastereosequence distribution is Bernoullian. However, because the longest diastereosequences whose concentration can be measured by NMR spectroscopy involve only two placements, an NMR spectrum cannot check whether a given non-Bernoullian distribution be simple Markoffian or Markoffian in general. In fact, non-Markoffian distributions are compatible with existing NMR spectra on polymers prepared by anionic polymerizations. In this paper we work within the framework of Kac's theory of stationary statistical processes and point out some general results which are valid for both Markoffian and non-Markoffian processes. The results are applied to NMR spectroscopy and it is pointed out which calculations used to check the self-consistency of NMR data and to obtain the mean length of closed diastereosequences are valid for both Markoffian and non-Markoffian distributions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1996.838
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erhöhung der Verschleißfestigkeit der TiAl6V4-Legierung durch Implantieren mit Stickstoff-Ionen (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 27 (1996), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Increasing of wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by nitrogen implantationNitrogen ion implantation is used to improve the wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Different implantation doses up to 1 · 1018N+/cm2 and E = 170 KeV were used. The unimplanted and the implanted specimens were tested in a wear model system with oscillation loading. The results show, that the wear performance was influenced by implantation dose and also by mean pressure. It was found, that surfaces, which are produced by a high implantation dose (1 · 1018N+/cm2), exhibited greater were resistance than untreated Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The best wear behaviour was achieved by a high implantation dose (1 · 1018N+/cm2) and a low mean pressure (p =0.22 MPa) at the wear test. The difference between the wear rate of the untreated and of the implantated specimen can obtain a factor about 10. The effective depth of the implantation action is greater than the penetration depth of the nitrogen ions.
    Notes: Durch Implantation von Stickstoff-Ionen wurde die Randschicht der Ti-Al6-V4-Legierung mit dem Ziel der Verbesserung des Verschleißverhaltens modifiziert. Es wurde dazu mit unterschiedlichen Stickstoffdosen bis 1 · 1018N+/cm2 bei E = 170 keV implantiert. Die Modellverschleißuntersuchungen bei oszillierender Beanspruchung wiesen nach, daß die Implantationsdosis in Abhängigkeit von der im Tribosystem wirkenden mittleren Pressung den Verschleiß deutlich beeinflußt. Wird mit einer hohen Dosis (1 ·1018N+/cm2) implantiert und werden die Beanspruchungsbedingungen so gewählt, daß nur eine relativ geringe Pressung von p ≤ 0.22 MPa auftritt, dann ist mit einer Erhöhung der Verschleißbeständigkeit mindestens um den Faktor 10 zu rechnen. Für größere Pressungen nimmt die Erhöhung des Verschleißwiderstandes ab. Die verschleißmindernde Wirktiefe der Implantation liegt weit über der Eindringtiefe der implantierten Stickstoffionen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19960270106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman studies of nucleic acids. VII. Poly A · poly U and poly G · Poly C (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 2423-2437 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser-excited Raman spectra of the double-helical complexes poly A·poly U and poly G·poly C are reported for 2H2O and H2O solutions. The spectra are discussed in relation to their use as quantitative reference spectra for determining the dependence of the Raman scattering of RNA on secondary structure. The Raman line at 815 cm-1, due to the phosphodiester group, exhibits the same intrinsic intensity in spectra of poly A·poly U and poly G·poly C and is thus dependent only upon the amount of ordering of the helix and not on the kinds of nucleotides involved. The hypochromic Raman lines in spectra of poly A·poly U are identified and their intensity changes are determined quantitatively over the temperature range 32-85°C. Comparison of the spectra in the 1500-1750 cm-1 region reveals that the Raman lines from carbonyl group vibrations of uracil are about sevenfold more intense than those of guanine and cytosine for both paired and unpaired states and will thus dominate the spectra of RNA. The Raman frequencies in this region are also compared with previously reported infrared frequencies and give evidence of being strongly perturbed by base-stacking interactions in the helices.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1972.360111205
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectral studies of nucleic acids. XI. Conformations of yeast tRNAPhe and E. coli ribosomal RNA in aqueous solution and in the solid statePaper X in this series is G. J. Thomas, Jr., M. C. Chen, and K. A. Hartman, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 324, 37 (1973) (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 13 (1974), S. 615-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser-excited Raman spectra of tRNAPhe from yeast and of fractionated 16S and 23S rRNA from E. coli are reported for samples in aqueous solution and in the solid state. The Raman scattering spectrum of each RNA is not significantly altered by the change from an aqueous to a solid environment and displays the same characteristic frequencies and intensities associated with ordered polyribonucleotide structures. Unlike DNA, the backbone conformation of RNA thus appears to be largely insensitive to gross changes in the degree of hydration.Raman scattering from the phosphate group vibrations of aqueous tRNAyeastPhe is qualitatively and quantitatively the same as obtained from previously studied tRNA's and is indicative of a highly ordered conformational structure in which some 85% of the nucleotide residues are in ordered configurations. The major differences observed between spectra of tRNA and rRNA are attributed to differences in base composition of these RNA's.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1974.360130313
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular configuration and thermodynamic parameters from intrinsic viscositiesThis investigation was carried out at Cornell University in connection with the Government Research Program on Synthetic Rubber under contract with the Office of Rubber Reserve, Reconstruction Finance Corporation (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 207-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1996.888
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