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  • 1995-1999  (1)
  • 1970-1974  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The high-temperature oxidation of cobalt-21 wt.% chromium-3 vol.% Y2O3 alloys (1972)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 5 (1972), S. 59-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Alloys of Co-21 wt. % Cr-3 vol. % Y 2 O 3 have been prepared by a mechanical alloying method, and oxidized in oxygen at 100 Torr in the temperature range 900–1200°C. The general effects of the dispersed oxide phase are similar to those reported for nickel-base alloys: the selective oxidation of chromium to form a continuous protective Cr 2 O 3 scale is promoted; the rate of growth of Cr 2 O 3 is reduced compared to dispersoid-free alloys; the adhesion of the Cr 2 O 3 is greatly improved; and the scale-forming reaction is probably at the scale-metal interface in the alloys containing the dispersoid, whereas it is at the scale-oxygen interface in dispersoid-free alloys. This last point has not been positively demonstrated. The improvement in adhesion is of particular significance, since the scales on cobalt-base alloys are prone to spallation, and it has been possible to study the mechanism of adhesion in more detail. It appears that in dispersoid-free material the metal recedes from the scale-metal interface, leaving the scale supported on the tops of metal “peaks” but this does not happen in the alloy containing the dispersoid, either because the growth direction of the scale has been changed, or because of changes in the substrate grain size. In general, the observations support the model proposed in an early study for the oxidation of Ni-20 wt.% Cr alloys containing oxide dispersions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614619
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oxidation of Fe-Cr alloys containing an oxide dispersion or reactive metal additions (1974)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 8 (1974), S. 283-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation of an iron-16% chromium alloy containing a dispersion of yttria particles and of iron-16 to 18% chromium alloys containing small additions of yttrium or zirconium has been studied at 1100 and 1200°C in 100 Torr oxygen. The yttria-containing alloy exhibited the excellent oxidation resistance usually associated with oxide-dispersion-containing alloys, having a thin, adherent, virtually iron-free scale which resisted the breakaway rapid oxidation behavior commonly found in Fe-Cr alloys in this composition range. Of the alloying additions intended to form a fine oxide dispersion during oxidation, only zirconium affected the oxidation behavior in a beneficial way, the scale on the yttrium-containing alloy being possibly less protective than that on the equivalent binary alloy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609945
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfidation and sulfidation-oxidation of nickel- and cobalt-base alloys containing dispersions of stable oxides (1974)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 8 (1974), S. 361-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: sulfidation ; sulfidation/oxidation ; hot corrosion ; nickel alloys ; cobalt alloys ; oxide dispersions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The presence of a fine dispersion of a stable oxide is known to have a beneficial effect on the oxidation resistance of nickel- and cobalt-base heat-resisting alloys. This paper presents some preliminary experimental results relating to the hot-corrosion resistance of these alloys. Alloys forming Cr 2O3 scales appear to be resistant to oxidation when coated with sodium sulfate, whereas an alloy normally forming an Al 2O3 scale suffers accelerated attack. During sulfidation some of the alloys suffer an accelerated degradation, with sulfur penetrating rapidly along what appear to be grain boundaries. The same effect is noted in sulfidation-oxidation experiments, when the Cr 2O3-forming alloys suffer accelerated oxidation, the effect of the dispersoid being apparently removed. An Al 2O3-forming alloy resists this form of attack well. The sodium sulfate-coated test is probably a good guide to the behavior under weakly corroding conditions, whereas the sulfidation-oxidation test may give a better indication of the behavior under highly aggressive conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00603387
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the pathogenesis of Babesia argentina and Babesia bigemina infections in splenectomised calves (1972)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 39 (1972), S. 85-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sequence of pathological changes in both B. argentina and B. bigemina infections of splenectomised calves are described. Renal damage preceded hepatic damage by one to two days. BUN levels increased 2–4 times; SGOT increased 4 times. Unconjugated bilirubin levels increased from ⋍ 0.30 mg% to a peak 4.12 mg%±1.90 mg% in one group and up to 8–10 times in others. Conjugated bilirubin levels fell terminally. BSP fractional clearance levels fell in severe B. argentina cases but remained relatively unaltered in B. bigemina infections. A biphasic BSP fractional clearance curve was present in both normal and infected calves. Serum and urine sodium concentrations remained static. Serum potassium concentrations fell in some B. bigemina and B. argentina infected calves. Urine potassium levels rose in all groups. Tubulonephrosis and degeneration of the convoluted and collecting tubules was present in severe infections. Vascular congestion was frequently observed, but vascular stasis only occurred in severe B. argentina cases. Glomerular shrinkage was usual in moderate and severe cases. Severe hepatic centrilobular and midzonal degeneration and necrosis was common in all severe cases. Vascular congestion accompanied this, but stasis was present only in some B. argentina infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329638
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma kallikrein levels in acute Babesia argentina infections in splenectomised and intact calves (1973)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 41 (1973), S. 269-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma from calves with acute B. argentina infections was subjected to DEAE-Cellulose chromatography. The column fractions were concentrated by ultrafiltration and assayed for capillary permeability and N-α tosyl-L-arginine methylester (TAME) hydrolysis. Capillary permeability enhancement and esterolytic activity rose markedly in splenectomised calves three days after infection, and fell to subnormal levels terminally. In mildly-infected intact calves, levels fell on day 3 and remained stationary thereafter. The esterolytic and biological activity was caused by kallikrein associated with γ and β globulins and with albumin fractions of the plasma. The pathophysiological significance of these findings was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348580
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preferential invasion of young erythrocytes in acute Babesia bigemina infections of splenectomised calves (1974)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 43 (1974), S. 63-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mean corpuscular diameters (MCD) of both parasitised and unparasitised erythrocytes in B. bigemina-infected splenectomised calves, and erythrocytes in uninfected splenectomised control calves were measured. Parasitised erythrocytes were significantly larger than unparasitised erythrocytes from the first observation (day 4) until day 13. After reticulocytes first appeared (day 8) the MCD for parasitised and unparasitised red cells rose 50 %, while the standard deviation (S. D.) for parasitised red cells increased twice, and the S. D. for unparasitised red cells increased three-fold. It was found that not only did the proportion of new red cells increase to nearly 100 % by day 22, but the proportion of parasites in new cells showed an even more rapid rise, reaching nearly 100 % by day 13. Giemsa stained thin blood films confirmed that parasites directly enter young red cells. The data indicate that new red cells are preferentially parasitised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329164
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The activation of kallikrein in acute babesia argentina infections of splenectomised claves (1974)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 43 (1974), S. 271-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Kallikrein exists in plasma in both active (kallikrein) and precursor forms (kallikreinogen). The active form was measured by the spontaneous hydrolysis of N-α tosyl-L-arginine methylester (TAME) by untreated plasma, and the total kallikrein activity was measured by TAME hydrolysis after activation of plasma with kaolin. The amount of precursor present was obtained by subtraction of these two values. The daily investigation of kallikrein activity in the plasma of splenectomised calves infected with Babesia argentina by these techniques showed that the rate of conversion of kallikreinogen to kallikrein increased one to two days before parasites were detectable in peripheral blood and that this continued until the reserves of kallikreinogen fell to less than 10% of normal levels 11–12 days after the day of infection. Deaths characterised by clinical signs of shock occurred at this stage. These data supported an earlier conclusion (Wright, 1973a) that kallikrein played an important role in the terminal shock observed in B. argentina infection. The increased conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein was closely correlated with the early growth aud multiplication of the parasites in peripheral blood. Tissue damage alone of the magnitude caused by the early destruction of red cells in babesiosis did not cause significant activation of the kallikrein system and a substance(s) released by parasites was postulated as a possible cause.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328881
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Comparison of the Oxidation of Fe&—Cr, Ni—Cr and Co—Cr alloys in oxygen and water vapour (1970)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 900-910 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Vergleich der Oxydation von Fe-Cr, Ni-Cr und Co-Cr in Sauerstoff und WasserdampfDie Geschwindigkeit und der Verlauf der Oxydation zahlreicher Legierungen aus Fe-Cr, Ni-Cr und Co-Cr in Sauerstoff (1 at) und Wasserdampf (0,1 at) + Argon (0,9 at) + Spuren von Lu# als Verunreinigung bei 1000°C werden unter Verwendung von weitgehend aus einem einzigen Laboratorium stammenden Daten verglichen. Die kennzeichnenden Eigenschaften der Oxydationsmechanismen für spezifische Legierungsgruppen werden im Lichte der verfügbaren Kenntnisse über die Legierungs- und Oxid- eigenschaften betrachtet, welche die Oxydationsmechanismen bestimmen.
    Notes: The rates and modes of oxidation of a wide range of pure Fe-Cr, Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloys in 1 atm oxygen, and in 0.1 atm water vapour/0.9 atm argon contaminated with traces of air, at 1000°C are compared, using data originating largely from a single laboratory. The main features of the mechanisms of oxidation for specific groups of alloys are considered in the light of existing knowledge on the alloy and oxide Properties determining these mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19700211105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Oxidation behavior of ODS iron aluminides (1996)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 47 (1996), S. 663-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das Oxidationsverhalten von ODS-EisenaluminidenDispersionslegierungen der Zusammensetzung Fe-28at%Al-2at%Cr wurden pulvermetallurgisch mit anschließender Heißextrusion hergestellt. Der Basislegierung wurden verschiedene stabile Oxide beigemengt, um den Effekt dieser Dotierungen auf das Oxidationsverhalten bei 1200°C in Luft und in Sauerstoff zu beurteilen. Eine Al2O3-Dispersion glättete die α-Al2O3-Schicht, aber erzeugte keinen der anderen Effekte reaktiver Elemente und hatte einen ungünstigen Einfluß auf das Langzeit-Oxidationsverhalten. Eine Y2O3-Dispersion verbesserte die Haftung der Aluminiumoxid-Schicht bei 1200°C und 1300°C im Vergleich zur Zugabe einer Zr-Legierung. Jedoch war die Wirksamkeit einer Y2O3-Dispersion in Fe3Al in Bezug auf die Haftung der Oxidschicht nicht so wirksam wie bei FeCrAl. Dieses schlechtere Verhalten hängt mit einer stärkeren Void-Bildung bei ODS-Fe3Al an der Grenzfläche zur Oxidschicht zusammen.
    Notes: Oxide-dispersed Fe-28at.% Al-2%Cr alloys were produced by a powder metallurgy technique followed by hot extrusion. A variety of stable oxides were added to the base alloy to assess the effect of these dopants on the oxidation behavior at 1200°C in air and O2. An Al2O3 dispersion flattened the α-Al2O3 scale, but produced none of the other reactive element effects and had an adverse influence on the long-term oxidation behavior. A Y2O3 dispersion improved the alumina scale adhesion relative to a Zr alloy addition at 1200 and 1300°C. However, the Y2O3 dispersion was not as effective in improving scale adhesion in Fe3Al as it is in FeCrAl. This inferior performance is attributed to a larger amount of interfacial void formation on ODS Fe3Al.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19960471202
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