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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1920-1924
  • 1910-1914  (1)
  • Chemistry  (2)
  • Coronary disease  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: CT ; Coronary disease ; Coronary arteriosclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To identify patients with increased risk of having coronary artery disease (CAD), electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) was used for years for quantifying calcifications of the coronary arteries. The first direct comparison between EBCT and conventional CT was performed to determine the reliability of widely available conventional CT for the assessment of the coronary calcium score. Fifty male patients with suspected CAD were investigated with both modalities, EBCT and conventional 500-ms non-spiral partial scan CT. Scoring of the coronary calcification was performed according to the Agatston method. Forty-two of these patients underwent coronary angiography for the assessment of significant luminal narrowing. The correlation coefficient of the score values of both modalities was highly significant (r = 0.982, p 〈 0.001). The variability between the two modalities was 42 %. Mean calcium score in patients with significant coronary luminal narrowing (n = 37) was 1104 ± 1089 with EBCT and 1229 ± 1327 with conventional CT. In patients without luminal narrowing (n = 5) mean calcium score was 73 ± 57 with EBCT and 26 ± 35 with conventional CT. Although images of the heart from conventional CT may suffer from cardiac motion artifacts, conventional CT has the potential to identify patients with CAD with accuracy similar to EBCT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Reduction of copper loss in potable water in domestic installations by water treatmentIn the scope of examinations for water-supply companies the effects of water treatment processes on the corrosion behaviour of materials which are used for water distribution (unalloyed steel, asbestos-cement, galvanized steel and copper) were tested by the Rhenian-Westphalian Institute of Waterchemistry and Watertechnology (IWW), Institute at the Gerhard-Mercator-University-GH Duisburg.Experimental studies have been made with copper sections and weighed ring specimens. The testing conditions were similar to those in a real domestic installation. Specimens taken at different testing times have been investigated with respect to mass loss measurements. The testing results demonstrate the possibility to estimate the concentrations on copper transported into the sewage sludge by domestic sewage. The testing conditions are described and the dominant influence of the water characteristics with respect to the water treatment processes are discussed.The experiments have shown that the central dosage of inhibitors, especially phosphate-products, is able to reduce the load of copper in domestic sewage in water systems with high concentrations of natural salts. The deacidification associated with water softening and slow-decarbonisation is qualified to reduce the load of copper in water systems with high concentrations on carbon dioxide.
    Notes: Im Rahmen von Untersuchungen für Wasserversorgungsunternehmen wurden am Rheinisch-Westfälischen Institut für Wasserchemie und Wassertechnologie (IWW), Institut an der Gerhard-Mercator-Universität GH Duisburg, Versuche zum Einfluß verschiedener Wasseraufbereitungsverfahren auf das Korrosionsverhalten der in der Wasserverteilung eingesetzten Werkstoffe (unlegierter Stahl, Asbestzement, feuerverzinkter Stahl und Kupfer) durchgeführt. Dabei wurden u.a. Massenverlustraten an Kupfer ermittelt, die eine Abschätzung der aus der Hausinstallation über das Abwasser in den Klärschlamm gelangenden Kupfermengen ermöglicht. Es wird die verwendete Versuchsmethodik beschrieben. Anhand der erhaltenen Ergebnisse wird der Einfluß der Wasserbeschaffenheit, insbesondere nach verschiedenen Verfahren der Aufbereitung diskutiert und bewertet.Als Zwischenergebnis ist festzuhalten, daß die Zugabe von Phosphaten sehr gut geeignet erscheint, die ins Abwasser gelangende Kupferfracht zu reduzieren, wenn Wässer vorliegen, die aufgrund ihres Neutralsalzgehaltes (Chlorid, Sulfat, Nitrat) örtliche Korrosion in besonderem Maße begünstigen. Die chemische Entsäuerung (i.e. Entsäuerung mit einer Base, bei der gleichzeitig eine Enthärtung und Entcarbonisierung des Wassers stattfindet) erweist sich dort als besonders vorteilhaft, wo die erhöhte Kupferfracht des Ausgangswassers im wesentlichen durch einen hohen Gehalt an Kohlenstoffdioxid bedingt ist.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 46 (1913), S. 1814-1822 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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