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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1965-1969
  • 4-hydroxycyclohexylacetic acid  (1)
  • Harnstoffzyklusdefekte  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hyperammonämie ; Harnstoffzyklusdefekte ; Organoazidurien ; Hämodialyse ; Hämofiltration ; Key words Hyperammonaemia ; Urea cycle disorders ; Organic acidemias ; Haemodialysis ; Haemofiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which, if untreated, leads to coma, severe brain damage or death. These complications, however, can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention. Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake (while maintaining essential amino acids), 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet, 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination, and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis. We report on 4 cases who were submitted because of acute hyperammonemic coma. All patients were treated immediately after diagnosis with hemodialysis (HD) or hemofiltration (HF). In all 4 patients blood ammonia levels were rapidly decreased to normal values leading to significant improvements of the neurologic state. The long term outcomes were, however, determined by the underlying metabolic disorder. Discussion: Our case reports confirm the effectiveness of HD and HF in the treatment of acute hyperammonemic coma. Since the diagnosis and the prognosis of metabolic disorders are rarely known at the time when the patient becomes symptomatic and needs therapy, any neonate with acute hyperammonemia should be referred to a special care unit where technical facilities for extracorporal dialysis are available.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das hyperammonämische Koma ist eine akut lebensbedrohliche Stoffwechselentgleisung. Die häufigsten kongenitalen Ursachen sind Enzymdefekte im Harnstoffzyklus und im Abbau von organischen Säuren. Die Frühdiagnose und eine sofortige aggressive Therapie sind die entscheidenden Voraussetzungen zur Vermeidung irreversibler Hirnschäden und letaler Verläufe. Das Therapieziel ist eine rasche Senkung des Ammoniaks und anderer neurotoxischer Metaboliten. Die therapeutischen Grundprinzipien beinhalten 1. eine restriktive Proteinzufuhr unter dem Erhalt essentieller Aminosäuren, 2. die Unterbrechung des Proteinkatabolismus mittels hochkalorischer Ernährung, 3. eine medikamentöse Aktivierung alternativer Wege der Stickstoffausscheidung sowie 4. apparative Blutreinigungsverfahren. Das optimale Dialyseverfahren ist umstritten. Wir haben 4 Neugeborene und Säuglinge in einem hyperammonämischen Koma im Rahmen von Stoffwechselerkrankungen mittels Hämodialyse oder Hämofiltration behandelt. Die Kasuistiken bestätigen die Effektivität und Komplikationsarmut beider Verfahren. Diskussion: In der Behandlung von lebensbedrohlichen Hyperammonämien bei Neugeborenen und Säuglingen sind Hämodialysen und Hämofiltrationen die Behandlungsmethoden der Wahl. Die invasive Blutreinigung ist mit einer konsequenten diätetischen und medikamentösen Therapie zu optimieren. Der prognostische Nutzen einer effizienten Blutreinigung bei ausgeprägter Hyperammonämie rechtfertigt einen unverzüglichen Transport in das nächstgelegene pädiatrische Dialysezentrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 578-582 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Hawkinsinuria ; 4-hydroxycyclohexylacetic acid ; Tyrosyluria ; Chronic metabolic acidosis ; Growth retardation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hawkinsinuria is a rarely diagnosed autosomal dominantly transmitted inborn error of tyrosine metabolism with impaired conversion of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to homogentisate. As a consequence of the defective 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxigenase activity, large amounts of the unusual, ninhydrin-positive amino acid hawkinsin and later on in life 4-hydroxycyclohexylacetic acid are formed and excreted. Clinically the disease is characterised mainly by chronic metabolic acidosis and severe growth retardation as a result of protein overload. As the ability to form 4-hydroxycyclohexylacetic acid and thereby to cope with the still not very well defined reactive and toxic intermediates increases, clinical symptoms vanish. We report here a new patient with hawkinsinuria having experienced a series of admissions because of unclear hepatopathy, growth retardation, and renal tubular acidosis. Conclusion Prolonged tyrosyluria in the newborn and young baby should cause the clinical chemist not only to exclude tyrosinaemia, galactosaemia, and fructose intolerance but also to look carefully for hawkinsin in the aminoacid chromatogram.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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