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  • 1995-1999  (14)
  • 1960-1964  (4)
  • Chemistry  (17)
  • Key words Cardiac surgery – multiple organ failure (MOF) – adult respiratory distress syndrom (ARDS) – systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) – xanthine derivatives  (1)
Material
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Year
Keywords
  • 1
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Herzchirurgie – multiples Organversagen (MOF) – akutes Atemnotsyndrom des Erwachsenen (ARDS) – Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) – Xanthinderivate ; Key words Cardiac surgery – multiple organ failure (MOF) – adult respiratory distress syndrom (ARDS) – systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) – xanthine derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The potential therapeutic effect of intravenous 3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)xanthine (Pentoxifylline) in patients at risk for developing multiple organ failure following major cardio-thoracic surgery was assessed. Forty petients having APACHE II score values ≥19 at the first postoperative day after major cardio-thoracic surgery were randomized into two groups to receive either placebo (Control; n=25) or intravenous pentoxifylline (1.5 mg/kg/h) treatment (Pentoxifylline; n=15) as an adjunct to standard supportive therapy. The control group patients as compared to pentoxifylline treated patients required a longer period of time of ventilator support (8.3±3.1 days vs. 3.1±0.9 days; p〈0.05), experienced a higher incidence of renal failure (days on dialysis/hemofiltration: 6.8±3.3 vs 1.2±0.8; p〈0.05) and a longer ICU stay (11.4±3.1 vs. 5.2±1.1 days; p〈0.05). Overall mortality was not different between treatment groups. The results of this first clinical pilot study suggest that supplemental intravenous pentoxifylline treatment may decrease the incidence of acute lung injury and renal failure in patients after cardiac surgery.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer ersten klinischen Pilotstudie wurde die Wirksamkeit einer kontinuierlichen intravenösen Infusion des Xanthinderivates Pentoxifyllin zur Reduktion der Inzidenz des akuten Lungenversagens bei Hochrisiko-Patienten nach großen herzchirurgischen Eingriffen untersucht. Unter 816 konsekutiv operierten Patienten wurden 40 Patienten mit einem hohen Risiko für die Entwicklung eines Multiorganversagens anhand des APACHE II Scores (≥19) am ersten postoperativen Tag identifiziert. Die Patienten wurden in zwei Gruppen randomisiert: Standard-Behandlung (Kontrolle n=25) oder Standard-Behandlung+Pentoxifyllin-Therapie (Pentoxifyllin n=15). Primäre Studienendpunkte waren die Dauer der Beatmungspflichtigkeit, die Inzidenz eines akuten Nierenversagens (Dialyse-/Hämofiltrationspflichtigkeit) und die Verweildauer auf der Intensivstation. Die Ergebnisse von 37 der 40 Patienten konnten ausgewertet werden. Die Pentoxifyllin-Therapie (kontinuierliche intravenöse Infusion von 1,5 mg/kg/h) wurde gut toleriert; es wurden keine anhaltenden signifikanten Nebenwirkungen beobachtet. Die Dauer der Beatmung war signifikant kürzer in der Pentoxifyllin-Gruppe (3,1±0,9 die) als in der Kontrollgruppe (8,3+3,1 die, p=0,037) Im Vergleich zu den mit Pentoxifyllin behandelten Patienten trat bei den Kontroll-Patienten häufiger ein therapiepflichtiges Nierenversagen auf (Dialysetage 6,8±3,3 vs. Pentoxifyllin-Gruppe: 1,2+0,8 die, p=0,048). Die Verweildauer auf der Intensivstation war signifikant kürzer bei den Pentoxifyllin-behandelten Patienten (5,2±1,1 vs. 1,4±3,1 die; p〈0,05). Die Gesamtletalität betrug 36% in der Kontrollgruppe und 33% in der Pentoxifyllin-Gruppe und war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich. Zusammengefaßt konnten wir in dieser ersten klinischen Pilotstudie zeigen, daß eine kontinuierliche Infusion von Pentoxifyllin bei Hochrisiko-Patienten nach großen herzchirurgischen Eingriffen die Inzidenz des akuten Lungen-, und Nierenversagens reduzieren kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Bromination of 9-acetoxy rubanone 2 and subsequent reaction with secondary amines gave bicyclic α-amino ketones as a kinetic product and a 4-oxa-1-azatwistan-2-one 6 under thermodynamic conditions. This two-step procedure represents a concise 1,2-carbonyl transposition and provides a short route to lactam alkaloids.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: chemoselectivity ; cinchona alkaloids ; clathrates ; osmium tetroxide ; spiro compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Hydrobromination of quinidine (1) with fuming HBr furnished diastereomeric secondary bromides 2a and 2b in 82% yield. After acetylation the resulting bromides 2a-Ac and 2b-Ac could be separated na dconverted stereospecifically into ethylidene rubanes Z)-4 and (E)-4, respectively. cis-Dihydroxylation of (Z)-olefin 4 with OsO4 was shown to be feasible by two catalytic variants, giving the two diastereomeric diols 5a and 5b, separable by chromatography. A simple onepot procedure was developed for converting the sterically hindered 1,2-secondary, tertiary diols stereospecifically into spiroepoxides (5a 6a-Ac; 5b 6b-Ac). Our procedure involves overall inversion of configuration. The procedure complements the Kolb-Sharpless route to epoxides from 1,2-disecondary diols with overall retention of configuration. The other two diastereomeric spiroepoxides 6c and 6d were prepared in one pot under different conditions (chloramine T, then alkali). Two unprecedented tricyclic allylic N,O-acetals (Z)-7 and (E)-7 were also obtained. The structure of spiroepoxide 6c (as a CH2Cl2 monosolvate) and of tricyclic olefinic N,O-acetal (E)-7 was corroborated by X-ray crystallography.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: chemotaxonomy ; diterpene metabolites ; dolabellanes ; marine natural products ; oxetanes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 6,8-Dimethyl-2,7-dioxatricyclo[4.2.13,8]nonan-4β-ol (9aβ) has been prepared from readily accessible starting materials in eight steps (14% overall yield). The parent dioxatricyclic framework 11 was obtained from 1,5-dimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-6α-ol (7) in six steps (28% yield with respect to 7). Based on the experimental introduction of the oxetane moiety in vitro, a biosynthetic pathway is proposed for dictyoxetane (1) from a known dolabellane metabolite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 2991-2995 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Polyketide ; Macrocyclic lactone ; Stereoselective carbonyl olefination ; Marine natural products ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The C1-C16-segment of lasonolide A has been prepared stereoselectively in high chemical and optical yield starting from 2α-methyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-one (rac -1).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 76 (1964), S. 587-587 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 680-684 
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: amino alcohols ; asymmetric syntheses ; dihydroxylations ; diol cleavage Horner-Wittig reaction ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spiroepoxide 1 was prepared from quinidine and converted into β-amino alcohol 3 (86% over two steps). Dihydroxylation of enantiopure oxazatricylic olefin (E)-4 provided diastereomeric diols 5a and 5b. Stereospecific conversion of 1,2-secondary, tertiary diol 5b into tetracyclic spiroepoxide 6 was accomplished in high yield by a one-pot tosylation-cyclization procedure. 1,2-Diol cleavage with NaIO4 in 80% acetic acid afforded the new tricyclic dehydrorubanone 7, containing the 4-oxa-7-azatricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]-decan-2-one core structure. Similarly, acetylated rubanone 9 was prepared on a 20 g scale. Reduction with NaBH4 in the presence of CeCl3 provided rubanols 10a and 10b (1:1.1). Horner-Wittig reaction of 9 with diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate was (Z)-selective, furnishing unsaturated nitrile (Z)-13. Conversion into the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde (Z)-14 and reduction afforded enartiopure allylic alcohol (Z)-12, which is a new isomer of the key quinidine metabolite 15.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Hydroxy lactone, 5-membered, (lactol) tautomer ; 4-Oxocarboxylic acids ; Keto-cyclol tautomerism ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (2-Oxocyclohexyl)acetic acid 10 was converted into bicyclic alkoxy γ-lactones 12a-d via intermediate chloro lactone 11 and alkanolysis. Similarly, lactones 15a, b and 18 were prepared. In contrast, simple ring-chain tautomerism directly afforded the title heterocycle 28, a crystalline, stable and well-defined compound. The angular methyl group seems essential for the spontaneous lactonization. 5,5-Dialkoxy-4-oxocarboxylic acids 26a, b without an angular methyl group did not cyclize to bicyclic hydroxy γ-lactones.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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