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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 180 (1997), S. 621-630 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Calling song  ;  Phonotaxis  ;  Pattern recognition  ;  Cricket ; Teleogryllus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The phonotactic response of cricket females was investigated on a locomotion compensator to determine the temporal parameters of the male's calling song which are important for species recognition. Two sympatric species (Teleogryllus commodus, T. oceanicus) that show different syllable periods in the chirp and trill parts of their calling songs were used. By their responses T. commodus females exhibited two temporal filters for syllable periods, which were tuned to the species-specific syllable periods occurring during chirp and trill. For song recognition both filters had to be activated and for both a minimum number of three to five consecutive syllable periods was necessary. In contrast, T. oceanicus females showed only one sharply tuned filter corresponding to the chirp part of the male's calling song. This filter was sufficient for calling song recognition. Syllable periods of the trill part also influenced calling song recognition, but these played only a minor role. Carrier frequency was also important for positive phonotaxis. Calling song recognition by T. commodus females is largely based on central nervous processing, while for T. oceanicus both peripheral frequency filtering and central temporal filtering is important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 68 (1997), S. 309-323 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Creutzfeldt-Jakob Krankheit (CJD) ; Spongiforme Enzephalopathie ; Prion ; Diagnose ; Key words Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) ; Spongiform encephalopathy ; Prion ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Since its first description by H.G. Creutzfeldt and A. Jakob, six forms of human spongiform encephalopathies have been described. Besides Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a new variant CJD (nvCJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), fatal familial insomnia (FFI) and potentially familial progressive subcortical gliosis have been reported. The most likely causative agent of these and at least six animal-transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) is a structurally altered form of a regular cellular protein, designated prion. The best known animal forms are bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and scrapie. The clinical spectrum of human spongiform encephalopathies has been expanded in recent years by the discovery of new, partially genetically determined forms. The currently available clinical, neurophysiological, neuroradiological, biochemical and molecular-biological methods permit only a probable diagnosis of CJD. A definite diagnosis can only be achieved by the neuropathological demonstration of the pathological prion protein (PrPSc). The transmission of BSE to humans has neither been shown nor definitely excluded.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Seit der Erstbeschreibung durch Creutzfeldt und Jakob sind bisher 6 humane spongiforme Enzephalopathien, die Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit (CJD), eine new variant CJD (nvCJD), das Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker-Syndrom (GSS), die fatale familiäre Insomnie (FFI) und möglicherweise die familiäre progressive subkortikale Gliose beschrieben worden. Als wahrscheinlichster Auslöser dieser und von im Tierreich vorkommenden transmissiblen spongiformen Enzephalopathien (TSE), wie der bovinen spongiformen Enzephalopathie (BSE) und von Scrapie, gilt heute ein körpereigenes, im Krankheitsfall in seiner Struktur verändertes Eiweiß, das das Akronym Prion trägt. Das klinische Spektrum menschlicher spongiformer Enzephalopathien hat durch die Beschreibung neuer, teilweise genetisch bedingter Varianten in den letzten Jahren eine deutliche Ausweitung erfahren. Mit den bisher zur Verfügung stehenden klinischen, neurophysiologischen, neuroradiologischen, biochemischen und molekularbiologischen Verfahren läßt sich intra vitam lediglich eine wahrscheinliche Diagnose einer CJD stellen. Eine sichere Diagnose einer humanen spongiformen Enzephalopathie ist nur durch den neuropathologischen Nachweis des pathologischen Prionproteins (PrPSc) möglich. Eine Übertragung der BSE auf den Menschen ist bisher nicht bewiesen, läßt sich gegenwärtig aber auch nicht mit Sicherheit ausschließen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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