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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Quality of life measurement ; pancreas-kidney transplantation ; adaptation ; Pancreas-kidney transplantation ; quality of life measurement ; adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The literature indicates that chronically ill patients have a remarkable capacity to adapt to their illness. For example, they will generally report a better quality of life (QoL) than individuals in the general population who are asked to imagine themselves as chronically ill and to rate their QoL. The present study further explores this phenomenon in type I diabetic transplant recipients with end-stage renal disease. In a prospective, longitudinal study, we assessed the QoL in 22 patients, both before and after they received a combined pancreas-kidney transplant. After transplantation, the patients were also asked to assess their pretransplant QoL by rating it on a 10-point scale. What we found was that prior to transplantation, QoL was prospectively given a mean rating of 5.23; this score increased to 7 after a successful transplant procedure. During follow-up assessments 5, 12, and 18 months after successful transplantation, patients retrospectively scored their pretransplant QoL as 3.27, 3.14, and 3.05, respectively.We conclude that when type I diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease undergo a transplant procedure to improve their health status, they re-evaluate their pretransplant QoL, and this retrospective assessment is significantly lower than their prospective one when transplantation is successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 32 (1999), S. 1169-1179 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Powder diffraction techniques are becoming increasingly popular as tools for the determination of crystal structures. The authors of this paper have developed a software package, named PowderSolve, to solve crystal structures from experimental powder diffraction patterns and have applied this package to solve the crystal structures of organic compounds with up to 18 variable degrees of freedom (defined in terms of the positions, orientations, and internal torsions of the molecular fragments in the asymmetric unit). The package employs a combination of simulated annealing and rigid-body Rietveld refinement techniques to maximize the agreement between calculated and experimental powder diffraction patterns. The agreement is measured by a full-profile comparison (using the R factor Rwp). As an additional check at the end of the structure solution process, accurate force-field energies may be used to confirm the stability of the proposed structure solutions. To generate the calculated powder diffraction pattern, lattice parameters, peak shape parameters and background parameters must be determined accurately before proceeding with the structure solution calculations. For this purpose, a novel variant of the Pawley algorithm is proposed, which avoids the instabilities of the original Pawley method. The successful application and performance of PowderSolve for crystal structure solution of 14 organic compounds of differing complexity are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
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    Urbana, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    American Journal of Psychology. 74:4 (1961:Dec.) 569 
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 198 (1963), S. 39-74 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN a recent article on binocular vision1, it was stated that a necessary condition for the stereoscopic fusion of a pair of disparate patterns is that they should be presented simultaneously, or at least that there should be temporal overlap in the presentation of the two patterns. Some ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Cost-effectiveness ; Costs ; Dynamic graciloplasty ; Fecal incontinence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of dynamic graciloplasty for intractable fecal incontinence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The costs and effects of dynamic graciloplasty were measured in a prospective, longitudinal study and in a clinical trial. Forty-three patients with intractable fecal incontinence were evaluated before and after dynamic graciloplasty. Costs were obtained from the hospital information system and from patient-oriented questionnaires. We compared the costs of a dynamic graciloplasty with the costs of a colostomy. Colostomy costs were evaluated using a group of seven patients who had a stoma in place for incontinence for several years. Sensitivity analyses were included. RESULTS: Total direct costs of lifelong dynamic graciloplasty were $31,733 (United States dollars), costs of lifelong conventional treatment were $12,180 (United States), and costs of colostomy, including lifelong stoma care, were $71,576 (United States). The clinical success rate of dynamic graciloplasty was 74 percent. Quality of life after successful dynamic graciloplasty was better than with conventional treatment. CONCLUSION: We found that dynamic graciloplasty was more expensive than conventional treatment but resulted in a significantly higher quality of life. Stoma treatment was the least attractive alternative regarding both costs and effects. The Dutch Health Insurance Executive Board recommended reimbursement for the dynamic graciloplasty procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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