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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ferromagnetic resonance studies of noble metals based sandwiches : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4949-4950 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In this paper we have prepared Fe/Cu, Ag, Au/Fe sandwiches by ion beam sputtering and studied the interlayer coupling behavior by ferromagnetic resonance technique. In these sandwiches the Fe and noble metal layers are polycrystalline in the textures of (110) and (111), respectively. It is found that the in-plane resonance field and the linewidth oscillate as a function of nonmagnetic layer thickness in a period of about 1.0 nm for Fe/Cu, Au/Fe structures, and 1.4 nm for Fe/Ag/Fe system. It is suggested that the interlayer coupling strength between the ferromagnetic layers oscillates in the same period with the resonance field. An in-plane anisotropy was found in Fe/Ag/Fe system. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361599
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Investigation of actinomycete diversity in the tropical rainforests of Singapore (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 23 (1999), S. 178-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: actinomycete diversity; phylogeny; rRNA; tropical rainforest
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Five thousand actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples collected from rainforests in Singapore and the generic identities of these isolates were determined by using a procedure that combined morphological, chemotaxonomic and 16S rDNA sequence-based phylogenetic analyses. Actinomycetes belonging to a total of 36 genera were identified. The most abundant isolates are members of Streptomyces, Micromonospora, Actinoplanes, Actinomadura, Nonomuria, Nocardia and Streptosporangium. By phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences of our isolates together with those of known actinomycete species, we also evaluated the species diversity of several genera including Streptomyces, Micromonospora, Nonomuria, and Actinomadura. We found that: first, the tropical isolates are present in most clades represented by known species; and second, many tropical isolates form new clades distant from the known species, indicating the presence of unidentified taxa at both species and genus levels. Based on these results, we conclude that actinomycete diversity in the tropical rainforest is very great and should represent an excellent source for discovery of novel bioactive compounds.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900723
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identifying 2- and 3-coordinated H2O in protonated ion–water clusters by vibrational pre-dissociation spectroscopy and ab initio calculations (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 9695-9698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Clustering of water on protonated molecular ions has been investigated by vibrational predissociation spectroscopy. Systematic measurements at different cluster sizes reveal a close resemblance of the OH stretch spectra between NH4+(H2O)n, CH3NH3+(H2O)n, and H3O+(H2O)n. Particularly at n≥6, a sharp feature, identical to that found on ice and water surfaces, emerges at 3690 cm−1 for free-OH stretching. The feature is distinguished from the other free-OH absorption, commonly observed for small- and medium-sized (H2O)n clusters at 3715 cm−1. The results, in conjunction with ab initio calculations, provide compelling evidence for 2- and 3-coordinated H2O in the protonated ion–water clusters. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475294
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of Sodium on the Adsorption of SO2 on Al2O3 and on Its Reaction with H2S (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 4620-4625 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100013a036
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of interference on magneto-optics in magneto-optical layered structures (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 1956-1961 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In this article the magneto-optics of magneto-optical (M-O) layered structures have been studied theoretically and experimentally. For the air/M-O/air configuration, an analytic expression between the apparent complex Faraday rotation and the eigenvalue φ˜F=e1φ˜F′ can be obtained, when the M-O layers are semitransparent and weakly magnetic. The interference factor e1 is a function of the optical constants and the M-O layer thickness d, and the light wavelength. In these structures, the apparent Faraday rotation consists of two parts. One oscillates as a function of the M-O layer thickness and the other is proportional to the layer thickness. The oscillation period and the amplitude are determined by the optical constants of the M-O layers. For the air/M-O/reflector configuration, the Kerr rotation φ˜k oscillates as a function of the M-O layer thickness and approaches a constant as the thickness d→∞. If the M-O layers are semitransparent and weakly magnetic, the apparent Kerr rotation can be expressed as φ˜k=e2φ˜F′. For ultrathin metallic magnetic bilayered films the Kerr rotation is proportional to the M-O layer thickness and the enhancement factor is a function of the optical constants of the M-O layer and NM reflector. The magneto-optics of a Co spinel ferrite film, Co/Cu, Fe-Ni/Cu, and Co/Si structures have been studied experimentally. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364051
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synchrotron x-ray scattering measurements of bulk structural properties in superconducting (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10–Ag tapes (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3122-3132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The structural properties of superconducting (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10–Ag (2223) tapes have been measured using synchrotron x-ray scattering techniques. The x-ray photon energy was tuned just below the silver K absorption edge so the penetration depth was large, which allowed the measurements to be performed in a transmission geometry without removing the silver cladding. Analysis of the peaks in 2θ scans indicates that residual (Bi,Pb)2Sr2CaCu2O8 (2212) superconductor starting material is present in all samples studied. The amount of 2212 varied widely among the tapes, and was not homogeneous along the length of each individual tape. Residual 2212 content increased near the ends of most samples, suggesting that 2223 phase development is sensitive to whether the superconducting material is encased in silver or not. The bulk c-axis alignment was measured in ∼100 mono- and multifilament samples, and correlations between c-axis alignment and current carrying capacity at 77 K were found. Multifilament samples generally had better alignment than monofilament samples. The c-axis alignment along the length of the tapes was uniform, and the superconducting material within ∼1 μm of the Ag was better textured than the bulk of the sample. Intermediate pressings were directly shown to have an adverse affect on c-axis alignment. Finally, the evolution of texture and phase development was examined in a series of samples annealed for varying times. The 2212 starting material acquired the final c-axis alignment state after brief heating times, and only after much longer heating times did the 2212 transform into the 2223 phase. These results and their implications for improving processing procedures are discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362695
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetooptical Kerr effect in Fe-SiO2 granular films (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 439-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Polar Kerr rotation spectra of Fe-SiO2 granular films were measured at room temperature in the wavelength region between 400 nm and 850 nm. A maximum Kerr rotation angle (θk) of 18 min was obtained when a magnetic field of 10 kOe was applied perpendicular to the film plane. We have measured θk as a function of Fe volume fraction (fv) of the films. It was found that θk increases with increasing fv and peaks at fv≈0.4. We also found that θk decreases as the Fe particle size increases. Our results indicate that the density of Fe particles and the interfaces between Fe particles and SiO2 matrix may play an important role in the Kerr rotation of granular films. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360623
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Xerographic effects of small chlorine additions to amorphous selenium (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 722-730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A study has been made of the xerographic properties of amorphous selenium doped with chlorine at concentrations below 100 parts per million (ppm) by weight. The sample consisted, in each case, of an aluminum plate with a thin deposited rf sputtered aluminum oxide film, on which a 50 μm layer of amorphous selenium was deposited by evaporation, at a substrate temperature of 50 °C. It was found that the chlorine decreased the acceptance voltage following corona charging, increased the dark decay rate, and decreased the residual voltage after illumination discharge. The changes were such as to be beneficial xerographically for small additions of chlorine to the selenium in the ppm range. Analysis of the time derivative of the dark decay voltage indicated that depletion discharge was the dominant process in the decrease of dark decay voltage with time and a modified relation was introduced to describe the increase of bulk space-charge density with time, arising from thermal excitation of holes from deep discrete centers in the photoreceptor. This analysis indicated a decrease of the release time of the holes with increase of chlorine content, whereas an observed decrease of single cycle and cycled-up residual voltages with increased chlorine indicated an increase of hole capture time from their relevant trapping centers. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358993
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Current-density dependence of activation energy in high-Tc superconductor HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+x (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 6398-6401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The real and imaginary parts of the ac susceptibility of high-Tc superconductor HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+x were measured as a function of temperature in different ac fields and frequencies at a fixed dc field. The current-density dependence of activation energy was obtained in terms of nonlinear diffusion equation of vortices. The relaxation of the current density and the exponent μ of the glassy phase were deduced from the relation between the activation energy and the current density. In addition, the pinning energy and critical current density were estimated. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359113
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetohistory effects and spin reorientations of Nd3Fe29−xTx and Nd3Fe29−xTxN4 (T=V and Cr) compounds : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 5170-5172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The novel compounds Nd3Fe29−xTx (T=V and Cr) have been successfully synthesized. Their x-ray patterns can be indexed with a monoclinic symmetry and the A2/m space group. The Curie temperatures of Nd3Fe29−xTx are 455 and 413 K for T=V and Cr, the saturation magnetization at 4.2 K and room temperature are 54.7 and 46.8 μB/f.u. for T=V and 49.9 and 32.2 μB/f.u. for T=Cr, and the anisotropy fields at 4.2 K and room temperature are 12.8 and 2.4 T for T=V and 9.1 and 1.2 T for T=Cr, respectively. The spin reorientations of the easy magnetization direction of Nd3Fe29−xTx are observed at around 230 K for T=V and 135 K for T=Cr, respectively. After nitrogenation the relative volume expansion was about 6%, Curie temperature of each nitride increased about 50%, and the transition temperature Tsr of the spin reorientations of the nitride also increased 145 K for T=V and 250 K for T=Cr, respectively, compared with its parent compound. Nitrogenation resulted in remarkable improvements in the saturation magnetization and anisotropy fields at 4.2 K and room temperature. Magnetohistory effects for Nd3Fe29−xTx and Nd3Fe29−xTxN4 (T=V and Cr) in a low field have been observed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365160
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