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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron cyclotron resonance etching characteristics of GaN in SiCl4/Ar (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 367-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma etching characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) are investigated using low pressure (4–10 mTorr) SiCl4/Ar ECR discharges. The purpose of this effort is to examine the dry etching processes of GaN that do not require hydrogen, which is known to cause carrier compensation in GaN. A maximum etching rate of 960 A(ring)/min and good surface morphologies are obtained. The etch rate is found to increase near-linearly with increasing dc bias, and a minimum dc bias of 100 V is required to initiate etching. Enhanced etching rates are obtained as the fraction of active chemical etchant species (SiCl4) in the discharge is increased. We have also found that the material quality significantly affects the etch rate. The latter decreases with x-ray rocking curve half-width and increases with defect density. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116718
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonalloyed Ti/Al Ohmic contacts to n-type GaN using high-temperature premetallization anneal (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 2737-2739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: On Si-implanted n-type GaN, a nonalloyed Ti/Al metallization has been found to form an Ohmic contact that has a specific contact resistance as low as 1.0×10−5 Ω cm2. The Ohmic character is believed to be caused by the 1120 °C implant activation anneal which generates nitrogen vacancies that leave the surface heavily n type. This theory is indirectly confirmed on unimplanted n-type GaN by comparing the rc of nonalloyed Ti/Al on unannealed GaN with that of nonalloyed Ti/Al on 1120 °C annealed GaN. The former has rectifying electrical characteristics, while the latter forms an Ohmic contact with an rc=1.3×10−3 Ω cm2. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117695
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Chemistry of Fatty Acids Absorption Spectra Analysis of Conjugation in Fatty Acid (1944)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 16 (1944), S. 77-80 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i560126a001
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BONE CHAR REACTIVATION (1940)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 32 (1940), S. 1112-1114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50368a019
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advantages and Disadvantages of Continuous Clarifiers for Refining (1942)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 34 (1942), S. 419-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50388a007
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    By Law Established (1941)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    New blackfriars 22 (1941), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2005
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Theology and Religious Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2005.1941.tb00291.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catecholamine release and interrenal response of brown trout, Salmo trutta, exposed to aluminium in acidic water (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 46 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Cannulated brown trout, Salmo trutta, were exposed for 36 h to synthetic water with a low calcium content of pH 5 and similar synthetic water dosed with aluminium to raise the filterable A1 from 5 to 290 μg 1−1 over the 36-h period. There were no significant disturbances of plasma concentrations of glucose, cortisol or catecholamine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) in fish held in water of pH 5. The addition of aluminium to this acidic synthetic water resulted in a generalized endocrine stress response with a four-fold increase in plasma glucose concentration after 18 h and a significant increase in plasma cortisol concentration from 24 h onwards when filterable A1 exceeded 200 μg 1−1. Plasma catecholamine concentration indicated an adrenergic stress response in aluminium-exposed brown trout. A transient doubling in noradrenaline after 6 h in A1 was followed by a larger increase in both plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations in fish surviving the 36-h exposure to A1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05993.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endocrine, osmoregulatory, respiratory and haematological parameters in flounder exposed to the water soluble fraction of crude oil (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Flounders Pleuronectes flesus with an implanted vascular catheter were exposed to a 50% dilution of the water soluble fraction (WSF) of Omani crude oil (c. 6ppm total aromatic hydrocarbons) and serial blood samples taken to determine their endocrine status (cortisol, catecholamines and thyroid hormones) and the resultant and/or causal physiological (haematological, ionoregulatory and respiratory) disturbances. This resulted in a progressive increase in plasma cortisol concentrations from 3 h onwards (rising from 18 to 51 ng ml−1 after 48-h exposure), and increased plasma glucose concentrations indicating a generalized stress response. Plasma T3 and T4 concentrations of both control and WSF-exposed groups declined progressively over the experimental period; exposure to the WSF of crude oil further depressed plasma T4 concentrations but not plasma T3 concentrations relative to those of control fish. Plasma osmolality and sodium and chloride concentrations were stable in WSF-exposed fish, however, plasma potassium concentrations were increased significantly at the 24-and 48-h sampling points. The most profound physiological disturbance in WSF-exposed fish was a dramatic decline in blood oxygen content (CvO2) (from 2–8 to 0–8 ml 100 ml−1 after 48-h exposure), which is likely to be the cause of the increased plasma noradrenaline concentrations from 3 h onwards. Increased noradrenaline is likely in turn to have been responsible for the significant increase in blood haematocrit and blood haemoglobin at the 3-h sampling point, although the dominant effect in the longer-term was a significant decline in both of these haematological parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb01796.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental examination of Eulerian frequency spectra in zero-mean-shear turbulence (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 7 (1995), S. 1168-1170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Eulerian frequency spectra were measured in zero-mean-shear (oscillating-grid induced) turbulent flows and were compared with the spectral form proposed by Tennekes [J. Fluid Mech. 67, 561 (1975)]. A satisfactory agreement between the theoretical prediction and experimental results were obtained in a limited frequency range. The empirical constants pertinent to the spectral law, obtained experimentally, were in good agreement with the numerical simulation results. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.868560
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal diffusivity tensor and lattice dynamics of β-oxygen at high pressure (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 5424-5428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An experimental approach to the study of thermal transport in the diamond-anvil high pressure cell is described and the elements of the thermal diffusivity tensor of β-oxygen are reported to a pressure of 9 GPa. The anisotropy in the thermal conductivity is found to be opposite in sense to that in the velocity of acoustic waves. Results are interpreted in terms of a lattice dynamical model in which the strong interactions between an atom and its first-, second-, and third-nearest neighbors are treated in tensorial form with parameters evaluated directly from experiment. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471775
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