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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dα3, a New Functional α Subunit of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors from Drosophila (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 71 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs) are important excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the insect CNS. We have isolated and characterized the gene and the cDNA of a new nAChR subunit from Drosophila. The predicted mature nAChR protein consists of 773 amino acid residues and has the structural features of an ACh-binding α subunit. It was therefore named Dα3, for Drosophilaα-subunit 3. The dα3 gene maps to the X chromosome at position 7E. The properties of the Dα3 protein were assessed by expression in Xenopus oocytes. Dα3 did not form functional receptors on its own or in combination with any Drosophilaβ-type nAChR subunit. Nondesensitizing ACh-evoked inward currents were observed when Dα3 was coexpressed with the chick β2 subunit. Half-maximal responses were at ∼0.15 µM ACh with a Hill coefficient of ∼1.5. The snake venom component α-bungarotoxin (100 nM) efficiently but reversibly blocked Dα3/β2 receptors, suggesting that Dα3 may be a component of one of the previously described two classes of toxin binding sites in the Drosophila CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71020853.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tailoring of high-Tc Josephson junctions by doping their electrodes (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 850-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Appropriate doping of the electrodes of high-Tc Josephson junctions provides a means to systematically adjust the junctions' electronic properties. This is demonstrated for the exemplary case of grain boundary junctions in bicrystalline Ca-doped YBa2Cu3O7−δ films. It is found that the critical current density is strongly increased and the normal state resistivity significantly reduced in comparison with the values obtained for equivalent junctions in undoped films. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124534
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypotrichosis, hair structure defects, hypercysteine hair and glucosuria: a new genetic syndrome? (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Structural hair changes may be the expression of a genetic disorder affecting hair growth, part of a congenital syndrome with accompanying hair malformations, or a marker for an underlying metabolic disorder. We report a 22-month-old Turkish girl and her 10-month-old brother, whose scalp hair became fragile and sparse at about 6-7 months of age. Glucosuria. without diabetes or kidney disease, was detected 3-4 months later. Clinical examination revealed normal physical and mental development, and an analysis of plucked hairs showed dysplastic and broken hair shafts. Polarizing microscopy and scanning electron microscopic studies revealed torsion, and irregularities and impressions of the hair shaft, as seen in pilitorti. trichorrhexis nodosa and pseudomonilethrix. Analysis of the amino-acid composition of the hair demonstrated a significant reduction of sulphonic cysteic acid and an elevated cysteine and lanthionine content in the girl, and elevated lanthionine levels in her brother. Electrophoretic analysis of the girl's hair proteins revealed a normal composition but a high extractability of hair proteins.The triad of hypotrichosis structural hair-shaft defects and abnormal amino-acid composition, accompanied by glucosuria without diabetes, may represent a new genetic syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07621.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of nanocrystalline Ti2RuFe and Ti2RuFeO2 electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution in long-term chlorate electrolysis conditions (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 551-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: ball-milling ; electrocatalyst ; hydrogen evolution ; nanocrystalline alloy ; sodium chlorate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Ti2RuFe and Ti2RuFeO2 nanocrystalline alloys were prepared by high energy ball-milling and used as cathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the process of sodium chlorate synthesis. Ti2RuFe is almost single phase with the B2 structure. In contrast, Ti2RuFeO2 is made of a mixture of Ti2RuFe and TiOx phases. Tests in chlorate electrolysis conditions did not show any sign of degradation of Ti2RuFeO2 over a 300 h period, while Ti2RuFe breaks down after less than 100 h. The degradation of Ti2RuFe occurs because of hydrogen absorption and desorption during alternating hydrogen discharge and open-circuit conditions. Various hypotheses to explain the increase stability of the O containing alloy are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026441532352
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large specific surface area nanocrystalline Ti–Ru–Fe cathode materials for sodium chlorate (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 627-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: ball-milling ; electrocatalyst ; hydrogen evolution ; leaching ; lixiviation ; nanocrystalline alloys ; sodium chlorate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Ball-milled nanocrystalline Ti3RuFe powders were mixed with 1, 2, 4, 10 and 20 equivalents of Al and the mixtures were milled again for 20 h. The amount of Al atoms dissolved into the B2 structure of Ti3RuFe does not exceed 8–9 at %, the remaining being present as elemental Al into the powder mixture. During a subsequent treatment of the composite powder in alkaline solutions, the elemental Al is leached out, while Al solutes in the B2 structure are not affected. An examination of the surface by scanning electron microscopy reveals that the leached powder has a highly porous surface structure. Surface area measurements performed by BET measurements show that there is a tenfold increase in the effective surface area. Activated electrodes made from these porous materials show a significant decrease of the cathodic overpotential for hydrogen evolution in typical chlorate electrolysis conditions of about 80 mV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026408502373
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High energy ball-milled Pt and Pt–Ru catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells and their tolerance to CO (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 951-960 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: anode ; nanocrystalline ; PEFC ; PEM fuel cell ; Pt–Ru alloy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract High energy ball milling, an industrially amenable technique, has been used to produce CO tolerant unsupported Pt–Ru based catalysts for the oxidation of hydrogen in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Nanocrystalline Pt0.5–Ru0.5 alloys are easily obtained by ball-milling but their performances as anode catalysts are poor because nanocrystals composing the material aggregate during milling into larger particles. The result is a low specific area material. Improved specific areas were obtained by milling together Pt, Ru and a metal leacheable after the milling step. The best results were obtained by milling Pt, Ru, and Al in a 1:1:8 atomic ratio. After leaching Al, this catalyst (Pt0.5–Ru0.5 (Al4)) displays a specific area of 38 m2g−1. Pt0.5–Ru0.5 (Al4) is a composite catalyst. It consists of two components: (i) small crystallites (∼4 nm) of a Pt–Al solid solution (1–3 Al wt%) of low Ru content, and (ii) larger Ru crystallites. It shows hydrogen oxidation performance and CO tolerance equivalent to those of Pt0.5–Ru0.5 Black from Johnson Matthey, the commercial catalyst which was found to be the most CO tolerant one in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003505123872
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel method to produce nanocrystalline metastable supported catalysts (1995)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 35 (1995), S. 89-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: supported catalyst ; nanocrystalline alloys ; metastable alloys ; ball milling ; mechanical alloying ; surface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The high energy ball-milling technique has been used to produce metastable Ni(Ru) alloys supported on alumina. This catalyst has potential application for the hydrogenation of the C=O bond. The active species are first formed by mechanical alloying pure Ni and Ru powders. The alumina support is ground independently until no structural transformation occurs. Finally, the supersaturated Ni(Ru) powder is milled with the alumina support to produce highly dispersed individual Ni(Ru) nanocrystals on the surface of Al2O3. This supported catalyst has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807007
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Classic nail versus DHS. A prospective randomised study on operative fixation of trochanteric femur fractures (1999)
    Springer
    Der Unfallchirurg 102 (1999), S. 182-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Key words Trochanteric femur fractures • DHS • IMHS • Classic Nail • Prospective randomized study ; Schlüsselwörter Pertrochantäre Femurfraktur • DHS • IMHS • Classic-Nagel • Prospektiv-randomisierte Studie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiv-randomisierten klinischen Studie zur operativen Stabilisierung pertrochantärer Femurfrakturen wurde das intramedulläre Hüftschraubensystem Classic-Nagel mit der dynamischen Hüftschraube (DHS) verglichen. Von 110 konsekutiven Patienten mit pertrochantärer Femurfraktur wurden 56 mit dem Classic-Nagel und 54 mit der DHS versorgt. Das Durchschnittsalter der Patienten betrug 82 Jahre. Signifikante Unterschiede in den erhobenen Operations- und Nachuntersuchungsdaten traten nicht auf. In der Classic-Nagel-Gruppe kam es intraoperativ zu je einer Schaftfraktur und einer Schaftfissur am Nagelende, die mit zusätzlich eingebrachten Cerclagen ausheilten. Bei 2 DHS-Osteosynthesen trat ein sekundärer Repositionsverlust auf, der eine Reosteosynthese erforderte. Klinische Kontrolluntersuchungen erfolgten im Mittel nach 3,7 Monaten. Alle Frakturen heilten knöchern mit vergleichbaren funktionellen Ergebnissen aus. Classic-Nagel und DHS sind gleichwertige Implantate bei der Versorgung pertrochantärer Femurfrakturen.
    Notes: Summary The intramedullary hip screw system Classic-Nail and the Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) were evaluated in a prospective-randomized clinical trial for operative treatment of trochanteric femur fractures. Hundred and ten geriatric patients (mean age 82 years) were runningly included in the study (56 Classic Nail, 54 DHS). No significant differences between the two study groups were observed with regard to treatment and follow-up data. With the Classic-Nail one complete femur shaft fracture and one incomplete fracture occured at the tip of the nail intraoperatively and could successfully be fixed with cerclage wires. In the DHS group two patients underwent reoperation for significant loss of reduction early postoperatively. At an avarage follow-up of 3.7 months all fractures were healed with no difference in functional outcome between the two groups. – Classic Nail and DHS both lead to equally good results in the operative treatment of trochanteric femur fractures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001130050391
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood loss in total hip arthroplasty (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 117 (1998), S. 47-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The intraoperative blood loss of 40 uncomplicated primary total hip arthroplasties was studied in a retrospective, matched pair analysis. Half of them were implanted in the supine position after complete excision of the capsule and the other half in the lateral position with preservation of the capsule. The patients were matched for mono- or bilateral procedure. Only one surgeon carried out the operations using the same operative technique and identical prosthesis in both groups. The intraoperative blood loss associated with the lateral position and preservation of the capsule averaged 830 ml and was significantly lower (P = 0.01) than 1165 ml with the supine position and complete capsulectomy. Thus, the intraoperative blood loss can be significantly reduced in primary total hip arthroplasty by choosing the lateral position and preserving the capsule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00703439
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lesions of the Achilles tendon (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 115 (1996), S. 28-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thirty-four Achilles tendons were explanted post-mortem. The explantation took place less than 24 h after death. The tendons were examined by means of ultrasonography and after explantation assessed histologically and biomechanically. In the sonograms 19 changes in echogenicity were noted. Changes in form with an increase in the diameter of the tendon of up to 10 mm (compared with the contralateral side) were found in 6 tendons. The changes in echogenicity and form were found most frequently 2–4 cm from the insertion of the tendon at the oscalcis. At a speed of 5 mm/min, the average force needed until rupture occurred was calculated as 27.6 N/mm2. The tear was located on average 29.7 mm from the bony insertion of the tendon at the calcaneus. Histologically, necroses could by found most frequently in all regions of the tendon, followed by scars and fissures. When there were differences of more than 25% in tensile strength between the right and left sides, there was a histological change in the weaker tendon at the site of the tear. Sonographic changes in form pointed to histological lesions in this region. Changes in the echogenicity led to the detection of degenerative changes of the tendon, but they have to be analysed carefully, as they are prone to artefacts. There was not statistically relevant correlation either with regard to tensile strength or to the site of the rupture for sonographically proven changes in the area of the rupture. However, when there was a sonographically abnormal finding in the course of a tendon, the tendon tore at an earlier point than those exhibiting no abnormality. Sonography proved to be a useful method in the detection of degenerative lesions of tendons. A direct influence on the biomechanics of the tendon could not be found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00453213
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