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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cell cycle specific exposure to 3H-thymidine or 3H-arginine on development and cell proliferation of mouse embryos (1996)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 35 (1996), S. 267-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract One-cell mouse embryos were exposed to either 3H-thymidine (100 or 200 kBq/ml) or 3H-arginine (2.5 to 50 kBq/ml) for 2 h either in G1, S or G2 phase. 3H-Arginine affected embryonic development and cell proliferation in an activity-dependent way irrespective of the cell cycle stage exposed, whereas 3H-thymidine was effective only at higher activities and only after exposure during S phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004110050039
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential p53 protein expression in stomach adenomas of gastric and intestinal phenotypes: possible sequences of p53 alteration in stomach carcinogenesis (1996)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 428 (1996), S. 223-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Gastric-type adenoma ; Intestinal-type adenoma ; p53 Expression ; Mucin expression ; Carcinogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a comparative study, the expression of p53 protein was investigated in intestinal- and gastric-type adenomas of the stomach. The former is a conventional type, which is well known to be a premalignant lesion of the stomach, but the latter is a rare, more recently noted entity. Of 28 intestinal-type adenomas, 17 (60.7%) contained more than 5% of p53 immunoreactive cells. In these adenomas, the extent of positivity for p53 protein was significantly higher in high-grade dysplasia than in low-grade dysplasia (P〈0.05), suggesting that p53 alteration plays a part in the dysplastic progression of intestinal-type adenomas. Among 18 gastric-type adenomas in which most of the tumour cells displayed gastric-type mucin, substantial expression of p53 protein was found only in the 3 tumours with high-grade dysplasia. Thus, the incidence of p53 expression was significantly higher in intestinal-type adenomas than in gastric-type adenomas (P〈0.01). These results suggest that p53 gene alteration is an earlier event in the gastric carcinogenetic sequence with the intestinal phenotype than in that with the gastric phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196694
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The multixenobiotic resistance mechanism in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula: its potential applicability for the evaluation of environmental pollution by toxic compounds (1996)
    Springer
    Marine biology 125 (1996), S. 165-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Experiments were carried out with the marine sponge Suberites domuncula to determine whether sponges may express-like mammalian tumor cells-a multidrug-like transporter system. The results demonstrate that sponge cells possess such a protective system termed multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) pump or P-glycoprotein-like pump. The protein was identified by antisera for the mammalian P170 multidrug resistance protein as a 130 kDa molecule. Binding studies were performed with 3H-vincristine (3H-VCR) and membrane vesicles; this process is ATP-dependent and inhibited by verapamil, which is known to reverse the multidrug-resistance phenotype in mammalian systems. Accumulation experiments were performed to demonstrate that the uptake of 3H-VCR is time-dependent, and increases at elevated extracellular levels of 3H-VCR. Application of the dyeing technique with calcein-AM, a suitable functional assay for multidrug transporter systems in mammal cells, also revealed the existence of the MXR pump in S. domuncula plasma membranes. These data demonstrate that S. domuncula is provided with a multidrug-like transporter, the MXR pump, which might function as a protection system for sponges in polluted environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350770
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for a symbiosis between bacteria of the genus Rhodobacter and the marine sponge Halichondria panicea : harbor also for putatively toxic bacteria? (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 130 (1998), S. 529-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Halichondria panicea (Pallas) is a marine sponge, abundantly occurring in the Adriatic Sea, North Sea, and Baltic Sea. It was the aim of the present study to investigate if this sponge species harbors bacteria. Cross sections through H. panicea were taken and inspected by electron microscopy. The micrographs showed that this sponge species is colonized by bacteria in its mesohyl compartment. To identify the bacteria, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene segment, typical for bacteria, was performed. DNA was isolated from sponge material that had been collected near Rovinj (Adriatic Sea), Helgoland (North Sea), and Kiel (Baltic Sea) and was amplified with bacterial primers by PCR. The data gathered indicate that in all samples bacteria belonging to the genus Rhodobacter (Proteobacteria, subdivision α) are dominant, suggesting that these bacteria live in symbiotic relationship with the sponge. In addition, the results show that the different samples taken contain further bacterial species, some of them belonging to the same genus even though found in sponges from different locations. The possibility of the presence of toxic bacteria was supported by the finding that organic extracts prepared from sponge samples displayed toxicity, when analyzed in vitro using leukemia cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050273
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    17β-Estradiol-dependent regulation of chaperone expression and telomerase activity in the marine sponge Geodia cydonium (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 133 (1999), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It is known that species belonging to the lowest metazoan phylum, the Porifera (sponges), do not develop tumors. Sponge cells share with tumor cells of higher animals at least one characteristic; they contain high levels of telomerase activity, suggesting that they possess a high proliferation capacity. This assumption, however, has not been substantiated experimentally. In addition, sponges show a specific bauplan, leading us to postulate that they undergo apoptosis to replace a given set of cells at a given time. In the present study, 17β-estradiol (βE2) was used as a defined agent to assess its effect on both the telomerase activity and the process of apoptosis in the marine sponge Geodia cydonium (Jameson). It was found that βE2 (100 to 500 ng ml−1) caused increased expression (i) of the heat-shock protein HSP70 (Mr=70 000), a cytoplasmic chaperone; and (ii) of the nuclear chaperone thioredoxin (TRX), a protein involved in the control of cancer cell growth. For this purpose the gene of G. cydonium encoding TRX was cloned, and the cDNA was applied for the determination of the expression. Verapamil, an inhibitor of both the mammalian multidrug resistance pump and the invertebrate multixenobiotic resistance pump, was used in co-incubation experiments with βE2 to increase the uptake of βE2. The experiments revealed that verapamil augmented the βE2 effect on the expression of the two chaperones, HSP70 and TRX. In addition, the tissue of G. cydonium underwent apoptosis, and the cells lost their telomerase activity. In parallel with the induction of the apoptotic process, the number of DNA strand breaks increased. It is concluded that βE2 displays its effect via the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At physiological concentrations ROS cause the expression of HSP70 and TRX, while at higher ROS levels, generated during the co-incubation period of βE2 with verapamil, the cells undergo apoptosis and lose telomerase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050436
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and expression of new receptors belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 751-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Sponges ; Geodia cydonium ; Ig-like domains ; Immune system ; Invertebrates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A cDNA encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) was previously cloned and expressed from the marine sponge (Porifera) Geodia cydonium. In addition to the two intracellular regions characteristic for RTKs, two immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains are found in the extracellular part of the sponge RTK. In the present study it is shown that no further Ig-like domain is present in the upstream region of the cDNA as well as of the gene hitherto known from the sponge RTK. Two different full-length cDNAs have been isolated and characterized in the present study, which possess two Ig-like domains, one transmembrane segment, and only a short intracellular part, without a TK domain. The two deduced polypeptides were preliminarily termed sponge adhesion molecules (SAM). The longer form of the SAM, GCSAML, encodes a deduced aa sequence, GCSAML, which comprises in the open reading frame 505 amino acids (aa) and has a calculated M r of 53911. The short form, GCSAMS, has 313 aa residues and an M r of 33987. The two Ig-like domains in GCSAML and GCSAMS are highly similar to the corresponding Ig-like domains in the RTKs from G. cydonium; the substitutions on both the aa and nt level are restricted to a few sites. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Ig-like domain 1 is similar to the human Ig lambda chain variable region, while the Ig-like domain 2 is related more closely to the human Ig heavy chain variable region. Transplantation experiments (autografting) were performed to demonstrate that the level of expression of the two new genes, GCSAML and GCSAMS, is upregulated during the self/self fusion process. Immunohistochemical analyses using antibodies raised against the two Ig-like domains demonstrate a strong expression in the fusion zone between graft and host. This finding has been supported by northern blotting experiments that revealed that especially GCSAML is strongly upregulated after autografting (up to 12-fold); the expression of GCSAMS reaches a value of 5-fold if compared with the controls. The results presented here demonstrate that the expression of the new molecules described, comprising two Ig-like domains, is upregulated during the process of autograft fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050549
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is patellar replacement necessary in total knee endoprostheses? (1998)
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 27 (1998), S. 637-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Key words Total knee arthroplasty • Patellar replacement • Remodelling • Long term follow-up ; Schlüsselwörter Knietotalendoprothetik • Patellaersatz • Remodelling • Langzeitergebnisse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der Totalendoprothetik des Kniegelenks ist die Patellarückfläche ein wesentliches Langzeitproblem. Die Diskussion, ob die Patellarückfläche ersetzt werden soll, oder nicht, bleibt kontrovers. Wir berichten über unsere Erfahrungen mit der „De Puy New Jersey LCS-Knieprothese“, die wir seit 1990 in über 700 Kniegelenken prinzipiell ohne Ersatz der Patellarückfläche implantiert haben. Seit mitte 1990 wurde standardisiert ein lateraler Zugang mit Osteotomie der Tuberositas tibiae verwendet. Die Patella wurde entweder von den Randosteophyten befreit, aus Narbensträngen lysiert oder vollständig unberührt gelassen. Die Patellarückfläche wurde in keinem Fall primär prothetisch versorgt. Die Erfahrung in den letzten 7 Jahren bezüglich des Femoropatellargelenks sind durchwegs erfreulich. Kein einziges Kniegelenk mußte wegen sekundär aufgetretenen femoropatellaren, nichttraumatischen Problemen revidiert werden. Radiologisch zeigt sich im Verlauf eine ossäre Remodellierungstendenz der Patella, die sich so dem Prothesendesign anpaßt. Parallel dazu hält oder verbessert sich die Kniegelenkfunktion (gemessen mit dem New Jersey Knee Score) kontinuierlich.
    Notes: Summary As shown in long term follow-up studies of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), the femoropatellar joint is an important problem. We report our experience over the past seven years not having resurfaced the patella at the primary TKA at all. Between 1990 and 1997 more than 700 consecutive TKA with the De Puy New Jersey LCS® prosthesis were performed. A standardised lateral approach with osteotomy of the tibial tuberosity was used. The patella was redressed, either denervated or left untouched. In no case a primary patellar resurfacing was performed. X-rays of the patello-femoral joint showed a remodelling of the patella over the years, nicely matching the condylar design of the femoral prosthesis. Using a blood-supply-preserving approach and a biomechanically adequate implant, TKA without patellar replacement gives excellent long-term results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00003539
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Verbesserung des Designs eines alloplastischen epithelisierten Tracheaersatzes (1997)
    Springer
    HNO 45 (1997), S. 453-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Alloplastischer Tracheaersatz ; Polytetrafluorethylen ; Polyethylen ; Zellseeding ; Key words Alloplastic tracheal replacement ; Polytetrafluorethylene ; Polyethylene ; Cell seeding technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Replacement of the tracheal conduit remains an unresolved problem. The microporous material expanded polytetrafluorethylene (ePTFE) is suitable for tracheal reconstruction. The aim of our study was to improve the limited mechanical properties of this material by incorporating reinforcement elements and to examine the influence of these elements on host incorporation and epithelialization. In so dours ePTFE prostheses were reinforced with Ionomer cement and porous high density polyethylene (pHDPE) rings and implanted into the neck muscle of miniature pigs. One of these prostheses was epithelialized by a cell seeding technique and was thus placed into a tracheal defect. Results were examined grossly by endoscopy and than by light and scanning electron microscopy. The shapes of both types of prostheses showed a high stability. The reinforcement elements did not impair bioincorporation or the ability to epithelialize. In vivo interposition of an incorporated and epithelialized prosthesis to a host led to cell differentiation. The improved biomechanical properties of the prostheses waid and the reproducible formation of epitheliums are important advances in the solution of effectively correcting tracheal defects.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Problem der Herstellung eines funktionierenden alloplastischen Tracheaersatzes ist bisher nicht gelöst. Mikroporöse Biomaterialien aus ePTFE (expanded Polytetrafluorethylen) sind für die Wandstruktur einer Tracheaprothese geeignet. Ziel unserer Untersuchungen war, die ungenügende Kompressionsstabilität dieses Materials durch zusätzliche Verstärkungselemente zu verbessern und den Einfluß dieser Elemente auf Inkorporation und Epithelisierung zu untersuchen. Hierfür wurden ePTFE-Prothesen mit Spangen aus Glasionomerzement und porösem „High-density-Polyethylen” (pHDPE) verstärkt und in den Halswendermuskel von Minischweinen implantiert. In einem Pilotversuch wurde eine solche Prothese mit der Technik des Zellseedings epithelisiert und in einen Tracheadefekt interponiert. Die Ergebnisse werden durch licht-, rasterelektronenmikroskopische und endoskopische Befunde demonstriert. Bei beiden Prothesenformen konnte eine verbesserte Kompressionsstabilität erzielt werden. Inkorporation und Epithelisierung werden durch die Verstärkungselemente nicht beeinträchtigt. Die Interposition einer bereits im Muskel inkorporierten und epithelisierten Prothese in das physiologische Milieu führt zu einer Epitheldifferenzierung. Die Verbesserung der biomechanischen Eigenschaften und die reproduzierbare Epithelisierung der Prothese sind wichtige Teilschritte auf dem Weg zur Lösung des Gesamtproblems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050123
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of manual therapy in acute low back pain (LBP) (1998)
    Springer
    Manuelle Medizin 36 (1998), S. 233-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0466
    Keywords: Key words Acute low back pain • Manual therapy • Spinal measurements • Triflexometer ; Schlüsselwörter Akute Lumbalgie • Manualtherapie • Messungen der Wirbelsäule • Triflexometer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 14 Patienten mit akuter Lumbalgie wurde der Effekt der Manualtherapie mit Hilfe des Triflexometers, eines elektromechanischen Meßgeräts zur Überprüfung der Form und Funktion der Wirbelsäule untersucht. Mit diesem Gerät ist es möglich, die Ruhestellung der Wirbelsäule ebenso wie ihre Beweglichkeit zu messen und auch lokalisierte Bewegungsstörungen aufzuzeichnen. Bei unseren Untersuchungen wurden die Messungen der Wirbelsäule von C7–S2 in der sagittalen und in der frontalen Ebene vorgenommen. Bei allen Patienten konnte nach den manualtherapeutischen Eingriffen durch die Triflexometermessung eine Besserung der Beweglichkeit sowohl bei der Ante- wie Retroflexion und der Lateralflexion nach beiden Seiten nachgewiesen werden, wobei auch lokalisierte Funktionsstörungen partiell oder komplett verschwanden. Die Studie zeigt, daß es mit Hilfe des Triflexometers möglich ist, die Effekte der Manualtherapie bei akuter Lumbalgie rasch zu erfassen und zu dokumentieren. Der Nachweis noch vorhandener lokalisierter Funktionsstörungen nach manueller Therapie könnte darauf hindeuten, daß bei diesen Patienten ein erhöhtes Risiko neu auftretender Lumbalgien und eventuell einer Chronifizierung der Lumbalgie vorhanden ist und deshalb ggf. noch zusätzliche Maßnahmen getroffen werden müssen.
    Notes: Summary In 14 patients with acute LBP the effect of manual therapy was examined. The examination was conducted with the Triflexometer, which is an electromechanical measuring instrument for examination of the posture and function of the spine. This instrument makes possible the measurement of the spine in resting as well as in moving positions, and it is also suitable for recording local disturbances of the movement. In our study we measured the spine from C7 to S2 in the sagittal and frontal planes. Improvement in movement was detected in all patients following manual therapy, as well as in ante-, retro- and lateral flexion on both sides, and local functional disturbances also disappeared partially or totally. Our study shows that the Triflexometer makes it possible to record the effect of manual therapy in acute LBP. The proof of the local functional disturbances after manual therapy indicates that these patients have a higher risk of new episodes of acute LBP or perhaps of chronic LBP, and because of that there it is necessary to use other treatment forms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003370050080
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkoholintoxikation bei Kindern und Jugendlichen Epidemiologie, Toxikologie, Diagnose und Behandlung (1999)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 947-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Alkoholkonsum unter Kindern und Jugendlichen ist relativ weit verbreitet, die Gefahren der Alkoholintoxikation werden dabei häufig unterschätzt [15]. Alkoholvergiftungen entstehen vorwiegend akzidentell in Unkenntnis der Wirkung des Alkohols, wobei Kinder und Jugendliche den Alkohol meist in Gruppen von Gleichaltrigen konsumieren. Der erste Alkoholkontakt der Kinder erfolgt häufig durch den sogenannten Probierkonsum im Kreis der Familie. Bei Kindern unter 6 Jahren kommen Alkoholvergiftungen in erster Linie aus Unachtsamkeit der Eltern oder durch Verwechslungen zustande. Kleinkinder unter 2 Jahren sind äußerst selten betroffen, dagegen konsumieren Kinder über 6 Jahre und Jugendliche für gewöhnlich bewußt Alkohol (besonders männliche Jugendliche) [2, 4, 17, 21, 23]. Durch Erörterung psychologischer Probleme und die Kenntnis der sozialen Verhältnisse können Risikopatienten erkannt werden, die einer Psychotherapie oder einer psychosozialen Betreuung bedürfen. Epidemiologie und psycho- soziale Faktoren
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050525
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