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  • 1995-1999  (13)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (10)
  • Cell culture  (2)
  • 2-D convoluted kernel  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment of cell lines derived from oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg and hard clam, Meretrix lusoria Röding (1999)
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 21 (1999), S. 183-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: Cell culture ; Clam ; Mollusc ; Oyster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present study attempts to establish cell culture systems for the oyster, Crassostrea gigas Röding and the hard clam, Meretrix lusoria Thunberg. Treatment with collagenase was better than trypsin at dissociating mollusc tissue fragments for in vitro culture. Heart tissue of oyster and hard clam proved to be the most promising target tissue for the establishment of cell lines in vitro. Primary cultures of clam heart were established and successfully maintained for more than 5 months. Collagenase at a concentration of 100 μg/ml may enhance the growth of oyster and hard clam heart cell cultures in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009829807954
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment of cell culture systems from penaeid shrimp and their susceptibility to white spot disease and yellow head viruses (1999)
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 21 (1999), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: In vitro ; Cell culture ; Prawn tissues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Monolayer cultures were established from ovary, heart, lymphoid tissue and peripheral hemocytes of penaeid shrimps including Penaeus monodon, P. japonicus and P. penicillatus. The most favorable conditions for the culture of penaeid shrimp cells in vitro was in CMRL and L-15 tissue culture media when used within an osmolarity range of 620--760 mmol/kg. The optimal maintenance temperature was 25 °C for tissues of P. japonicus and 28 °C for tissues of P. monodon and P. penicillatus. Among the four tissues tested, lymphoid tissue, or 'Oka organ', was superior to the other tissues for the formation of confluent cell monolayers. Cell cultures from lymphoid tissue and ovary have been subcultured up to three times. When peripheral hemocytes and heart were cultured, a maximum survival of 4 days was obtained. In contrast, cell cultures derived from ovary and lymphoid tissue were maintained alive for at least 20 days in appropriate culture systems. Neither confluent cell sheet nor adherence of cells was obtained in cultivation of hepatopancreas using the present culture systems. The results obtained from the present study also revealed that ovary extract, muscle extract and lobster hemolymph enhanced the survival of the cultured cells of penaeid shrimp in vitro. When the 'Oka organ' cell monolayer was incubated with either white spot disease virus (WSDV) or yellow head virus (YHV), no cytopathic effect (CPE) was obtained. However, at 5--7 days after establishment, significant CPE (a few foci) was observed in cell monolayers derived from WSDV- and YHV-infected Oka tissue. By electron microscopy, virions of WSDV and YHV were observed in the nuclei and cytoplasm of cultured cells. The CPE foci developed further with increased incubation time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009885929335
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multidimensional benzobisoxazole rigid-rod polymers. II. Processing, characterization, and morphology (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 3457-3466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: PBO ; rigid-rod polymer ; multidimensional polymer ; compressive strength ; fiber morphology ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A high-torque rheometer was used to facilitate the polycondensation of 4-[5-amino-6-hydroxybenzoxazol-2-yl]benzoic acid (ABA) with trimesic acid and 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(4-carboxylatophenyl)adamantane to yield two- and three-dimensional benzobisoxazole polymers, respectively. Although the resultant polymer dopes exhibited improved homogeneity compared to polymer dopes previously prepared in glassware, improved polymer solution viscosities were not achieved. Fibers spun from the two- and three-dimensional polymers did not show a significant increase in compressive strength compared to fibers of the linear or one-dimensional benzobisoxazole polymer derived from the homopolymerization of ABA. Morphological studies of the polymer fibers and films by wide-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy strongly indicated more lateral disorder and a more isotropic character for the three-dimensional structures compared to the one-dimensional structures. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 3457-3466, 1997
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemoselective polycondensation of isophthaloyl chloride with multifunctional monomers containing hydroxyl groups and sulfamino acid or amino acid moiety (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 493-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: chemoselective polycondensation ; functional polymer ; aromatic polyester ; hydroxyl group ; sulfamino acid moiety ; amino acid moiety ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of copolyester having quaternary ammonium groups in the main chain (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 2517-2519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: functional polyester ; liquid/solid biphase polycondensation ; tertiary amine group ; heterogeneous polymer reaction ; quaternary ammonium group ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the conductivity of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) lithium by the complexation of poly(ethylene oxide) (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 7 (1996), S. 697-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: complexation ; sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) lithium ; poly(ethylene oxide) ; conductivity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the present paper, the structure and conductivity for the complex of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) lithium (SPPOLi) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEG) were studied. Glass transition temperature change determined by differential scanning calorimeter analysis desmonstrated that the two components had some compatibility. X-ray diffraction showed that PEG could decrease the regularity of SPPOLi to some extent. The compatibility and PEG's effect on the regularity may be due to the interaction between the lithium ions of SPPOLi and the oxygen atoms of PEG. Under polarization by electric field, the bands between lithium ions and sulfonation groups relaxed. Meanwhile, the complexation of oxygen atoms could enhance the dissociation of the polymeric lithium salts. Then lithium ions were transported in the process of alternate complexing and decomplexing. The action between lithium ions and oxygen atoms could explain the improvement on the conductivity of SPPOLi.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Langmuir-Blodgett deposition and second-order non-linear optics of several azobenzene dye polymers (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 6 (1996), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: LB films ; non-linear optics ; azobenzene derivatives ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film-forming properties of a number of novel azobenzene dye polymers are reported. The linear and second-order non-linear optical properties of the films have been studied using ellipsometry, visible spectroscopy and Pockels effect measurements. As monolayers, the effective electro-optic r-coefficients ranged from 1 to 8.7 pm V.-1 When one of the polymers was combined in an alternate layer film (230 layers in total), an r13-coefficient of 13 pm V-1 was achieved. This is one of the highest values reported for a ‘thick’ LB film.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the formation of novel copolyesters containing naphthalene and aralkyloxy structures (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 1189-1197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Copolyesters containing naphthalene structure were synthesized from bis(hydroxyethyl)naphthalate (BHEN) and various aralkyloxy diols. The starting bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)aryl) compounds were derived from a nucleophilic substitution of various bisphenols with ethylene carbonate in the presence of potassium iodide (KI). Copolyesters having intrinsic viscosities of 0.50 to 0.60 dL/g were obtained by melt polycondensation in the presence of metallic catalysts. The effects of reaction temperature and time on the formation of copolyesters were investigated in order to obtain an optimum condition for copolyester manufacturing. The optimal reaction temperature and time were found to be 290 to 310°C and 90 to 120 min, respectively. Most of these copolyesters have better solubilities than polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) in aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or m-cresol. The thermal properties of the copolyesters were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Glass transition temperatures of these copolyesters were in the range of 90 to 141°C, and 10% weight loss values in nitrogen were all above 460°C. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070580712
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the blends of carbon dioxide copolymer. III. NBR/PPC systems (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 1479-1486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In this paper, the blends of the carbon dioxide copolymer, poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), with nitrile rubber (NBR) were studied by DSC, DMA, TEM and TG. PPC can enhance the mechanical properties of NBR, while oil resistance and tensile set at break of NBR/PPC systems were as good as that of NBR. The coagent of triallylisocyanurate or maleic anhydride with carbon black can much improve the curing efficiency of dicumyl peroxide in NBR/PPC systems. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Holographic grating relaxation studies of probe diffusion in amorphous polymers (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 899-908 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: probe diffusion ; holographic grating relaxation ; temperature dependence ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Probe diffusion of camphorquinone, thymoquinone, and diacetyl in polymers was studied by the laser-induced holographic grating relaxation (HGR) technique in polymers. The effects of changing the probe size and various parameters of the polymer, such as the molecular weight, chain conformation, and the glass transition temperature, on the probe diffusion coefficient have been investigated. Furthermore, effects of cross-linking and plasticizing the chains of the polymer host on the probe diffusion coefficient were also studied. Temperature-dependent studies show that except for the very low molecular weight poly(methyl methacrylate), all probe diffusion coefficient data above the glass transition temperature fit well to the WLF equation. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330605
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