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  • 1995-1999  (7)
  • Vitrification  (4)
  • Acclimatization  (1)
  • Cardiopulmonary function  (1)
  • Chlamydomonas reinhardtii  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiopulmonary function in bicycle racing over mountainous terrain at moderate altitude (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 38 (1995), S. 126-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Bicycle racing ; Cardiopulmonary function ; Moderate altitude
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To examine cardiopulmonary function during exercise in a mountainous region at moderate altitude, we measured cardiac frequency, oxygen consumption $$\left( {\dot VO_2 } \right)$$ , and percentage arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation (%SaO2) before and after a bicycle race with a starting point at 638 m and finishing point at 1980 m. The time required to ascend an elevation of 10 m was prolonged with increasing altitude, and heart rate also increased with altitude. The %SaO2 at the starting point and at the finishing point differed significantly (P〈0.01). Faster cyclists exhibited higher %SaO2 and lower $$\dot VO_2 $$ , while slower cyclists exhibited a reduction in %SaO2 and an increase in $$\dot VO_2 $$ immediately after the race. The %SaO2 recovery time was significantly correlated with the racing time (r=0.54,P〈0.001). Therefore, the faster cyclists' oxygen debt upon completion of the race may be small and recovery of cardiopulmonary function may be fast, while the slower cyclists' oxygen debt may be large and recovery of cardiopulmonary function may be slow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208488
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of muscle force, muscle endurance, and electromyogram activity during an expedition at high altitude (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 39 (1996), S. 111-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Acclimatization ; High altitude ; Muscle power ; Muscle endurance ; EMG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Handgrip force (HF), maximal pinch force (MF), muscle endurance (ME), and the median power frequency (MdPF) of the activity shown in the electromyogram (EMG) were studied at various altitudes in eight normal healthy subjects. MF and ME were measured between the index finger and thumb, and all measurements were obtained at altitudes ranging from 610 to 4860 m during an expedition in the Qinghai Plateau in China. With the change in altitude HF, ME, and MF showed no significant change. Compared to the MdPF at 2260 m on ascent, the MdPF at other altitudes showed a significant decrease (P〈0.01). Thus, we conclude that muscle performance (HF, MF, and ME) was not affected by the environment at high altitude. However, MdPF was affected and the mean MdPF at 610 m after the expedition did not recover to initial values of MdPF. We suggest these results may have been affected by fatigue and chronic exposure to the hypobaric hypoxic environment, since the members of the expedition party expressed feelings of sluggishness and fatigue after the expedition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01211221
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreservation of zygotic embryos of a Japanese terrestrial orchid (Bletilla striata) by vitrification (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 754-757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key wordsBletilla striata ; Cryopreservation ; Embryo ; Orchid ; Vitrification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The seeds of a Japanese terrestrial orchid (Bletilla striata Rchb.f.) were germinated and cultured on solidified new Dogashima (ND) medium for 10 days. These embryos were then precultured on ND medium supplemented with 0.3 m sucrose for 3 days at 25°C in continuous dark. The embryos were then overlaid with a mixture of 2 m glycerol and 0.4 m sucrose for 15 min at 25°C and finally dehydrated with highly concentrated vitrification solution (PVS2) for 3 h at 0°C prior to immersion into liquid nitrogen for 30 min. After rapid warming, the embryos were washed with liquid ND medium supplemented with 1.2 m sucrose for 20 min and then plated on ND medium. Successfully vitrified and warmed embryos developed into normal plantlets. The rate of plant regeneration amounted to about 60%. This vitrification method appears to be a promising technique for cryopreservation of orchids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050314
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown shoot tips of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) by vitrification. 1. Investigation of basic conditions of the vitrification procedure (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 594-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Shoot tips ; Cryopreservation ; Vitrification ; Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.] ; Tropical crops
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In vitro-grown shoot tips of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.) were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification. Excised shoot tips precultured on solidified MS supplemented with 0.3 M sucrose and maintained under a 16 h phtoperiod at 25°C for 16 h were loaded with a mixture of 2 M glycerol plus 0.4 M sucrose for 20 min at 25°C. The shoot tips were then sufficiently dehydrated with a highly concentrated vitrification solution (PVS2) for 20 min at 25°C prior to immersion into liquid nitrogen. Successfully vitrified and warmed shoot tips resumed growth within 7 days and developed shoots directly without intermediate callus formation. The average rate of shoot recovery amounted to around 80%, and the vitrification protocol appeared to be very promising for the cryopreservation of taro germplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050285
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown axillary shoot-tip meristems of mint (Mentha spicata L.) by encapsulation vitrification (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (1999), S. 150-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Cryopreservation ; Encapsulation-vitrification ; Meristems ; Mint ; Vitrification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Alginate-coated meristems from in vitro-grown axillary buds of mint (Mentha spicata L.) were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification. Excised meristems from nodal segments cold hardened at 4  °C for 3 weeks were encapsulated and osmoprotected by a mixture of 2 M glycerol plus 0.4 M sucrose. These meristems were dehydrated with a highly concentrated vitrification solution (PVS2 solution) for 3 h at 0  °C prior to a plunge into liquid nitrogen. Successfully encapsulated vitrified meristems developed shoots within a week after plating without intermediary callus formation. The average rate of shoot formation amounted to nearly 90%. This procedure was successfully applied to other Mentha species. It was also confirmed that encapsulated vitrified meristems produced a much higher rate of shoot formation than the encapsulated dried meristems. Thus, this revised encapsulation vitrification method appears promising for the cryopreservation of mint and other germplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050725
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreservation of invitro-grown shoot tips of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) by vitrification. 1. Investigation of basic conditions of the vitrification procedure (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 594-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Shoot tips ; Cryopreservation ; Vitrification ; Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.] ; Tropical crops
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Invitro-grown shoot tips of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.) were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification. Excised shoot tips precultured on solidified MS supplemented with 0.3M sucrose and maintained under a 16 h phtoperiod at 25°C for 16 h were loaded with a mixture of 2M glycerol plus 0.4M sucrose for 20 min at 25°C. The shoot tips were then sufficiently dehydrated with a highly concentrated vitrification solution (PVS2) for 20 min at 25°C prior to immersion into liquid nitrogen. Successfully vitrified and warmed shoot tips resumed growth within 7 days and developed shoots directly without intermediate callus formation. The average rate of shoot recovery amounted to around 80%, and the vitrification protocol appeared to be very promising for the cryopreservation of taro germplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275498
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and phenotypic characterization ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii mutants defective in chloroplast DNA segregation (1999)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 209 (1999), S. 273-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; Chloroplast DNA ; Chloroplast nucleus ; Chloroplast DNA segregation ; Chloroplast division
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Each wild-typeChlamydomonas reinhardtii cell has one large chloroplast containing several nuclei (nucleoids). We used DNA insertional mutagenesis to isolate Chlamydomonas mutants which contain a single, large chloroplast (cp) nucleus and which we namedmoc (monokaryotic chloroplast). DAPI-fluorescence microscopy and microphotometry observations revealed thatmoc mutant cells only contain one cp-nucleus throughout the cell division cycle, and that unequal segregation of cpDNA occurred during cell division in themoc mutant. One cell with a large amount of cpDNA and another with a small amount of cpDNA were produced after the first cell division. Unequal segregation also occurred in the second cell division, producing one cell with a large amount (about 70 copies) of cpDNA and three other cells with a small amount (only 2–8 copies) of cpDNA. However, most individualmoc cells contained several dozen cpDNA copies 12 h after the completion of cell division, suggesting that cpDNA synthesis was activated immediately after chloroplast division. In contrast to the cpDNA, the mitochondrial (mt) DNA of themoc mutants was observed as tiny granules scattered throughout the entire cell. These segregated to each daughter cell equally during cell division. Electron-microscopic observation of the ultrastructure ofmoc mutants showed that a low-electron-density area, which was identified as the cp-nucleus by immunoelectron microscopy with anti-DNA antibody, existed near the pyrenoid. However, there were no other structural differences between the chloroplasts of wild-type cells andmoc mutants. The thylakoid membranes and pyrenoid were identical. Therefore, we propose that the novelmoc mutants are only defective in the dispersion and segregation of cpDNA. This strain should be useful to elucidate the mechanism for the segregation of cpDNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01453455
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