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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • Aluminum toxicity  (1)
  • Oriza sativa L  (1)
  • Anther culture
  • Diallel
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability and genetics of tolerance for aluminum toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 738-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Aluminum toxicity ; Diallel analysis ; Genetics ; Rice ; Variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study was undertaken to investigate the variability among lowland rice cultivars and the mode of gene action of aluminum (Al) toxicity tolerance in rice. Pregerminated seeds were grown in a nutrient solution containing 30 ppm Al and in normal nutrient solution, and relative root length (RRL) was determined at the 14-day-old stage to characterize genotypes for tolerance. Sixty-two traditional rice cultivars grown on lowland acid sulfate soil areas of Asia and West Africa were tested. Tolerant varieties ‘Azucena’, ‘IRAT104’, and ‘Moroberekan’, moderately sensitive ‘IR29’ and ‘IR43’, and sensitive ‘IR45’ and ‘IR1552’ were used to investigate the genetics of tolerance by diallel analysis. Of the 62 cultivars tested, only 3 were found to be sensitive to A l toxicity. Among the tolerant cultivars identified, 11 (‘Siyam Kuning’, ‘Gudabang Putih’, ‘Siyam’, ‘Lemo’, ‘Khao Daeng’, ‘Siyamhalus’, ‘Bjm-12’, ‘Ketan’, ‘Seribu Gantang’, ‘Bayer Raden Rati’, and ‘Padi Kanji’) were found to possess higher levels of tolerance than the improved tolerant upland cultivar ‘IRAT104’. Diallel analysis revealed that high RRL is governed by both additive and dominance effects with a preponderance of additive effects. The trait exhibited partial dominance, and one group of genes was detected. Heritability was high, and environmenal effects were low. Findings suggest that when breeding for A1 toxicity tolerance, selection can be made in early generations. The pedigree method of breeding would be suitable. Combining ability analysis revealed the importance of both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in the genetics of A1 toxicity tolerance in rice. GCA was more prevalent than SCA. Tolerant parens ‘Azucena’, ‘IRAT104’, and ‘Moroberekan’ were the best general combiners. The presence of reciprocal effects among crosses suggested the proper choice of parents in hybridization programs. Results indicated that ‘Azucena’, ‘IRAT 104’, and ‘Moroberekan’ should be used as the female in crosses for A1 toxicity tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224070
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of tissue tolerance to iron by molecular markers in different lines of rice (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 203 (1998), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: ascorbate-specific H2O2 scavenging system ; ferrous iron tolerance ; molecular markers ; Oriza sativa L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Ferrous iron (Fe2+) toxicity is a major disorder in rice prod uction on acid, flooded soils. Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) genotypes differ widely in tolerance to Fe2+ toxicity, which makes it possible to bre ed more tolerant rice varieties. Tissue tolerance to higher iron concentrations in plants has been considered to be important to Fe2+ tolerance in ri ce. Segregation for leaf bronzing and growth reduction due to Fe2+ to xicity was observed in a doubled haploid (DH) population with 135 lines derived from a Fe2+ tolerant japonica variety, Azucena, and a sensitive indic a variety, IR64 in a solution culture with Fe2+ stress condition at a Fe2+concentration of 250 mg L-1 at pH 4.5. To better understand the mechanism of tissue tolerance, Leaf Bronzing Index (LBI), total iron concentration in shoot tissue and the enzymes of ascorbate peroxidase (AP), dehydroascorbate reductase (DR) and glutathione reductase (GR), and concentrations of ascorbate (AS) and dehydroascorbate (DHA), which are involved in the ascorbate-specific H2O2-scavenging system, were determined for the population under Fe2+ stress. A non-normal distribution of LBI was found. About 38 lines showed no bronzing, while the lines with non-zero LBI values ranged from 0.05 to 0.85 and showed a normal distribution. The other parameters measured showed normal distribution. The total iron concentrations in the 38 tolerant lines ranged from 1.76 mg Fe g-1 to 4.12 mg Fe g-1 and was in a similar range as in the non-tolerant genotype (2.04 – 4.55 mg Fe g-1). No significant differences in the activities of the enzymes were found between the parents under normal culture, but remarkably higher Fe2+ induced enzyme activities were observed in the tolerant parent. AS was similar between the parents under both normal and Fe2+ stress, but its concentration was sharply decreased under Fe2+ stress. DHA was much lower in the tolerant parent than in the sensitive parent under Fe2+ stress. Single locus analysis and interval mapping analysis based on 175 molecular markers revealed that the interval flanked by RG345 and RZ19 on chromosome one was an important location of gene(s) for Fe2+ tolerance. The ascorbate-specific system for scavenging Fe2+-mediated oxygen free radicals may be an important mechanism for tissue Fe2+ tolerance. A gene locus with relative small effect on root ability to exclude Fe2+ was also detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004321218387
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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