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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The incidence and characteristics of silent cerebral infarction in elderly diabetic patients: association with serum-soluble adhesion molecules (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 911-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Silent cerebral infarction ; adhesion molecules ; ICAM-1 ; VCAM-1 ; E-selectin ; carotid artery ; diabetes mellitus.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between complications arising from silent cerebral infarction (SCI) and changes in the levels of serum-soluble adhesion molecules in 82 elderly diabetic patients aged 60 years and older. SCI was found in 43 % of the 82 patients, with incidence increasing in relation to age. The prevalence of SCI was higher in subjects with hypertension, poor metabolic control and increased fibrinolysis. The levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and E-selectin (sE-selectin) were higher in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic subjects (p 〈 0.05, p 〈 0.001, and p 〈 0.05, respectively). Also, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were found at increased levels in diabetic patients with SCI compared to those without SCI (p 〈 0.01 and p 〈 0.05, respectively). In particular, the level of sICAM-1 was increased in patients with SCI due to perforating arterial occlusion, while the level of sVCAM-1 was increased in patients with SCI due to cortical arterial occlusion. However, no significant difference was found in sE-selectin levels. Overall average of the intima and media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid arteries increased with age. IMT proved to be greater in patients with SCI than in patients without SCI (p 〈 0.05), and showed a weak but significant positive correlation with sVCAM-1, while no correlation was found with either sICAM-1 or sE-selectin levels. In conclusion, measurement of serum adhesion molecules may be useful for diagnosing the early stages of brain damage and for prophylactic treatment which may prevent the onset or progression of SCI. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 911–917]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051007
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of mesenchymal influence on the pepsinogen gene expression in the epithelium of chicken embryonic digestive tract (1996)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 205 (1996), S. 382-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Epithelial mesenchymal interaction ; Epithelial differentiation ; Digestive tract ; Lung mesenchyme ; Pepsinogen gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We performed tissue recombination experiments to discover the mesenchymal influences on differentiation of epithelia in chicken digestive organs. Epithelia and mesenchymes were taken from the lung, esophagus, proventriculus, gizzard, small intestine and large intestine of 6-day chicken embryos and recombined in various associations and cultivated in vitro for 6 days. Rather unexpectedly, embryonic chicken pepsinogen (ECPg) gene, a marker of the proventricular epithelium, was induced in the gizzard epithelium, which does not express ECPg in normal development, by the proventricular and lung mesenchymes. In the second half of this study, we investigated the mode of action of mesenchymal cells on ECPg expression in gizzard epithelial cells more precisely using the cell aggregate culture system, in which gizzard epithelial cells were mixed with proventricular, gizzard or lung mesenchymal cells. We found that supporting action of lung mesenchymal cells on ECPg expression was even stronger than that of proventricular mesenchymal cells, and suggest that the action of lung mesenchyme may be due partly to the enhancement of epithelial cell proliferation. According to the results of this study, together with many facts obtained so far, we will discuss a new model for restricted expression of ECPg in the proventricular epithelium in normal development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377218
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of propionyl-l-carnitine and insulin on the electroretinogram, nerve conduction and nerve blood flow in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1996)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 431 (1996), S. 564-570 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Propionyl-l-carnitine ; Insulin ; Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat ; Motor nerve ; conduction velocity ; Sciatic nerve blood flow ; Electroretinogram ; Sorbitol ; myo-Inositol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of an analogue ofl-carnitine, propionyl-l-carnitine, on the electroretinogram, motor nerve conduction velocity and nerve blood flow was determined in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and was compared with the effects of insulin alone or combined therapy. Oral administration of propionyl-l-carnitine (3 g/kg daily for 4 weeks) significantly increased caudal nerve motor conduction velocity and sciatic nerve blood flow in diabetic rats. There were no differences in the effects of insulin (8–10 U daily for 4 weeks), propionyl-l-carnitine and combined therapy. Although propionyl-l-carnitine significantly shortened the peak latency of the electroretinogram b-wave in diabetic rats, its effect was far weaker than that of insulin or combined therapy, with combined therapy producing the greatest improvement. These effects of propionyl-l-carnitine were accompanied by a decrease of serum lipid levels, an increase of the sciatic nerve carnitine content, and no changes of the tissue (nerve and retinal) sorbitol andmyo-inositol concentrations. In contrast, insulin significantly reduced the tissue sorbitol content and markedly increasedmyo-inositol. These findings suggest that propionyl-l-carnitine may improve diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy without influencing the polyol pathway, and that this beneficial effect may be mediated through the amelioration of microcirculation and tissue carnitine content, thus probably increasing fatty acid oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02191904
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of propionyl-L-carnitine and insulin on the electroretinogram, nerve conduction and nerve blood flow in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1996)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 431 (1996), S. 564-570 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Propionyl-L-carnitine ; Insulin ; Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat ; Motor nerve conduction velocity ; Sciatic nerve blood flow ; Electroretinogram ; Sorbitol ; myo-Inositol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of an analogue of L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine, on the electroretinogram, motor nerve conduction velocity and nerve blood flow was determined in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and was compared with the effects of insulin alone or combined therapy. Oral administration of propionyl-L-carnitine (3 g/kg daily for 4 weeks) significantly increased caudal nerve motor conduction velocity and sciatic nerve blood flow in diabetic rats. There were no differences in the effects of insulin (8–10 U daily for 4 weeks), propionyl-L-carnitine and combined therapy. Although propionyl-L-carnitine significantly shortened the peak latency of the electroretinogram b-wave in diabetic rats, its effect was far weaker than that of insulin or combined therapy, with combined therapy producing the greatest improvement. These effects of propionyl-L-carnitine were accompanied by a decrease of serum lipid levels, an increase of the sciatic nerve carnitine content, and no changes of the tissue (nerve and retinal) sorbitol and myo-inositol concentrations. In contrast, insulin significantly reduced the tissue sorbitol content and markedly increased myo-inositol. These findings suggest that propionyl-L-carnitine may improve diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy without influencing the polyol pathway, and that this beneficial effect may be mediated through the amelioration of microcirculation and tissue carnitine content, thus probably increasing fatty acid oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050036
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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