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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Offenes Foramen ovale ; Transösophageale Echokardiographie ; PEEP ; Key words Patent foramen ovale ; Transoesophageal echocardiography ; PEEP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Intraoperative paradoxical air embolism may occur even if a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is excluded by contrast transoesophagal echocardiography (TEE) under 20 cmH2O positive airway pressure. It is questionable whether the combination of PEEP and ventilation with a large tidal volume increases the sensivity of contrast TEE in detecting a PFO. Methods. Eighty healthy patients (ASA status I, II) scheduled for surgery in the supine position and ranging from 25 to 72 years of age were investigated by TEE, which was performed in the biatrial viewing mode (short axis). Echocardiographic contrast (10 ml agitated gelatine solution) was injected during two different ventilation manoeuvres. Manoeuvre I: Contrast injection during the application of 20 cmH2O positive airway pressure for 5 s. The pressure was released when the right atrium became completely opacified by echo targets. The injected bolus was observed throughout the ventilatory cycle, with special attention being given to early expiration and systole. A right-to-left shunt was assumed if five echo targets were observed in the left atrium. Manoeuvre II: Contrast injection during ventilation with PEEP (15 cmH2O), a tidal volume of 1,200 ml, and a respiratory rate of 6/min. Results. The frequency of a PFO causing a right-to-left interatrial shunt was 8.7% (7 cases) in manoeuvre I and 15% (12 cases) in manoeuvre II. In one case a PFO was diagnosed intraoperatively by chance. Discussion. The use of provocation manoeuvres including ventilation with PEEP and high tidal volumes might improve the ability to detect a PFO presenting with right-to-left interatrial shunt by intraoperative contrast TEE, but does not have 100% sensitivity. However, our results clearly indicate that ventilation with PEEP and high tidal volumes may predispose to paradoxical embolism.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Paradoxe Luftembolien sind trotz präoperativem Ausschluß eines offenen Foramen ovale (PFO) mittels transösophagealer Echokardiographie (TEE) unter Durchführung eines Ventilationsmanövers mit einem endinspiratorischen Atemdruck von 20 cm H 2 O berichtet worden. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob die Empfindlichkeit der Kontrast-TEE unter Ventilationsmanövern mit PEEP-Beatmung und hohem Atemhubvolumen erhöht werden kann. Untersucht wurden 80 Patienten der ASARisikogruppen I und II, im Alter von 25 bis 72 Jahren. Der biatriale Blick in der kurzen Achse wurde als Standardeinstellung der TEE verwendet. Die Gabe des Kontrastmittels erfolgte unter zwei verschiedenen Ventilationsmanövern. Manöver I: Injektion des Kontrastmittels bei einem endinspiratorischen Druck von 20 cmH 2 O für die Dauer von 5 s. Manöver II: Injektion des Kontrastmittels unter Beatmung mit PEEP von 15 cmH 2 O, bei einem Atemhubvolumen von 1200 ml und einer Atemfrequenz von 6/min. Die Häufigkeit eines PFO mit Rechts-links-Shunt unter dem Manöver I betrug 8,7% (7 Patienten), unter dem Manöver II 15% (12 Patienten). Bei einem weiteren Patienten gelang der Nachweis eines PFO erst intraoperativ (Zufallsbefund). Die Anwendung von Provokationsmanövern mit PEEP-Beatmung und einem hohem Atemhubvolumen bei der intraoperativen Kontrast-TEE kann möglicherweise zu einer Erhöhung der Nachweisquote eines PFO mit Rechts-links-Shunt beitragen. Eine 100%ige Sensitivität wird hiermit jedoch nicht erreicht, falsch negative Befunde lassen sich nicht ausschließen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 1083-1087 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Adenocarcinoma; endolymphatic sac; posterior fossa tumour.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  This paper reports on a 55-year-old female who had undergone middle ear surgery 12 years previously and was admitted with a 6-months history of unilateral hearing loss and facial weakness. MRI and CT demonstrated a space-occupying lesion arising from the temporal bone and extending into the posterior fossa. Treatment consisted in complete tumour removal. Temporal and mastoid bone destruction associated with typical histological features led to the diagnosis of neoplasm of endolymphatic sac origin. Clinical, histological, radiological and intra-operative features of these rare tumours are described and discussed. The pertinent literature is reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 490-493 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Arteriovenous malformation ; Embolisation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report long-term follow-up of a rare multiple arteriovenous malformation of the spinal cord in a 15-year-old patient. A significant reduction in the size of the lesion was achieved by microsurgical resection of the dorsal and lateral portions. This eliminated the initial source of subarachnoid haemorrhage, and the patient's condition remained stable for 10 years. Renewed angiography of the residual ventrolateral malformation became necessary after recurrent subarachnoid haemorrhage, and the centre of the malformation was embolised selectively with bucrylate. Following embolisation, prophylactic treatment with steroids and heparin led to rapid improvement of the pre-embolisation symptoms. Our observations indicate that venous flow in the spinal cord is higly sensitive to haemodynamic changes. The angioarchitecture was indicative of multifocal arteriovenous shunts, an extremely rare condition, and the question arises whether these shunts were acquired or congenital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 490-493 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spinal cord ; Arteriove- nous malformation ; Embolisation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report long-term follow-up of a rare multiple arteriovenous malformation of the spinal cord in a 15-year-old patient. A significant reduction in the size of the lesion was achieved by microsurgical resection of the dorsal and lateral portions. This eliminated the initial source of subarachnoid haemorrhage, and the patient's condition remained stable for 10 years. Renewed angiography of the residual ventrolateral malformation became necessary after recurrent subarachnoid haemorrhage, and the centre of the malformation was embolised selectively with bucrylate. Following embolisation, prophylactic treatment with steroids and heparin led to rapid improvement of the pre-embolisation symptoms. Our observations indicate that venous flow in the spinal cord is highly sensitive to haemodynamic changes. The angioarchitecture was indicative of multifocal arteriovenous shunts, an extremely rare condition, and the question arises whether these shunts were acquired or congenital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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