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  • 1995-1999  (18)
  • Synthesis  (12)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (5)
  • Life Sciences
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 69 (1997), S. 1220-1221 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 68 (1996), S. 303-307 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 70 (1998), S. 1265-1270 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Membran Processes in the Chemical Industry In the chemical industry (less so in the pharmaceutical industry), membrane technology is still at an early stage of acceptance. However, in this field too, it is gaining increasing importance as an innovative, reliable and, first and foremost, cost-effective alternative to conventional processes. This trend is evidenced by a variety of new plants which have been installed in recent years, and also by the rapidly growing interest in this technology shown by production and design departments. This article gives an overview of the industrial importance of membrane processes in chemical and pharmaceutical production and also presents some typical examples of applications in this field by describing plants which have already been installed and are now in production.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 69 (1997), S. 1282-1283 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 70 (1998), S. 1324-1327 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 1493-1495 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Synthesis ; Crystal structure ; Crown ether ; Lanthanides ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: [La2I2(OH)2(dibenzo-18-crown-6)2]I(I3), a Cationic Dimeric in-cavity Complex with Iodide and Triiodide as AnionsSingle crystals of [La2I2(OH)2(dibenzo-18-crown-6)2]I(I3) are obtained from the reaction of LaI3 and dibenzo-18-crown-6 in acetonitrile. The crystal structure monoclinic, C2/m, Z = 4, T = 293 [100] K, a = 2179(3) [2162.3(3)], b = 1070.3(3) [1069.6(1)], c = 1118.2(3) [1110.6(1)] pm, β = 93.1(1) [92.83(1)]°, R1 = 0.0601 [0.0411], wR2 = 0.1449 [0.1014] contains hydroxide-bridged cationic dimers and iodide as well as triiodide as anions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 791-795 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Lithium Niobium Chloride ; Niobium Cluster ; Synthesis ; Crystal Structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zweidimensionale Netzwerke in der Struktur von Li2[Nb6Cl16]Li2[Nb6Cl16] wurde aus Nb-Pulver, NbCl5 und LiCl in Quarzglasampullen bei 700°C hergestellt. Die anhand von Einkristall-Röntgendaten verfeinerte Kristallstruktur ist orthorhombisch, Raumgruppe Cmca (Nr. 64), mit Z = 4 und Gitterkonstanten von a = 1274.7(1) pm, b = 1318.5(1) pm, c = 1341.1(2) pm. Die Verfeinerung aller Atompositionen ergab R1 = 0.031 (basierend auf F-Werten) und wR2 = 0.081 (basierend auf F2-Werten). Die Struktur enthält Schichten aus [Nb6Cl12i]2+ mit äußeren Cla-a-Liganden, die vier Ecken jedes oktaedrischen Niobclusters in Schichten verknüpfen, plus zwei terminale Cla-Liganden an jedem Niobcluster, entsprechend [Nb6Cl12iCl4/2a-aCl2a]2-. Das gleiche Verknüpfungsmuster liegt in binären Mo6X12-Halogeniden vor, die jedoch acht innere Halogenliganden besitzen (Mo6Cl8i). Gewinkelte Nb-Cla-a-Nb Brücken (159°) zwischen benachbarten Niobclustern korrespondieren mit Verdrehungen der [Nb6Cl16]2--Einheiten innerhalb der Schichten, wodurch zwei Li+ verzerrt trigonal-bipyramidale Lücken besetzen.
    Notes: Li2[Nb6Cl16] has been synthesized from the reaction of Nb powder, NbCl5 and LiCl in sealed silica tubes at 700°C. The structure, as determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, is orthorhombic, space group Cmca (no. 64) with Z = 4 and has lattice parameters a = 1274.7(1) pm, b = 1318.5(1) pm, c = 1341.1(2) pm. The refinement of all atomic positions yielded Rl = 0.031 (based on F values) and wR2 = 0.081 (based on F2 values). The structure contains layers formed by [Nb6Cl2i]2+ with outer Cla-a ligands that bridge four vertices of each octahedral niobium cluster into sheets, plus two terminal Cla ligands of each cluster, to be described as [Nb6Cl12iCl4/2a-aCl2a]2-. The same connectivity pattern is present for binary Mo6X12 halides, containing eight inner halide ligands (Mo6Cl8i). Non-linear Nb-Cla-a-Nb bridges (159°) correspond with intra-layer rotations of [Nb6Cl16]2 units and thereby accommodate two Li+ in distorted trigonal - bipyramidal voids.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Phosphorane Iminato-Phosphaneimine Complex of Titanium ; Synthesis ; Crystal Structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structures of [TiF3(NPPh3)(HNPPh3)]2 and of HNPPh3The phosphoraneiminato-phosphaneimine complex [TiF3(NPPh3)(HNPPh3)]2 was obtained by the reaction of TiF4 with Me3SiNPPh3 in boiling dichloromethane. It crystallizes from 1,2-dichloroethane as yellow crystals which include four molecules C2H4Cl2 per dimeric formula unit. Space group P21/n, Z = 2, structure solution with 7270 independent reflections, R = 0.060 for reflections with I 〉 2σ(I). Lattice dimensions at -50°C: a = 1417.5, b = 1896.9, c = 1586.6 pm, β = 101.22°. The compound forms centrosymmetric dimeric molecules via μ2-F bridges with TiF distances of 194.6 and 223.3 pm, the longer one being in trans-position to the N atom of the (NPPh3)- ligand. Its TiN bond length of 177.7 pm corresponds with a double bond. The TiN bond length of the HNPPh3 donor molecule of 213.4 pm is typical for a donor acceptor bond.According to the crystal structure determination the phosphaneimine HNPPh3 forms monomeric molecules without intermolecular hydrogen bridges with a PN bond length of 152.4 pm. Space group P21/c, Z = 4, structure solution with 3229 independent reflections, R = 0.062 for reflections with I 〉 2σ(I). Lattice dimensions at -70°C: a = 1460.4, b = 928.9, c = 1096.6 pm, β = 93.35°.
    Notes: Der Phosphaniminato-Phosphanimin-Komplex [TiF3(NPPh3)(HNPPh3)]2 wird aus TiF4 und Me3SiNPPh3 in siedendem Dichlormethan erhalten. Er kristallisiert aus 1,2-Dichlorethan als gelbe Kristalle unter Einschluß von vier Molekülen C2H4Cl2 pro dimere Formeleinheit. Raumgruppe P21/n, Z = 2, Strukturlösung mit 7270 unabhängigen Reflexen, R = 0,060 für Reflexe mit I 〉 2σ(I). Gitterkonstanten bei -50°C: a = 1417,5; b = 1896,9; c = 1586,6 pm; β = 101,22°. Die Verbindung bildet zentrosymmetrische Dimere, in denen die Titanatome über μ2-F-Brücken mit TiF-Abständen von 194,6 und 223,3 pm verknüpft sind. Die lange Ti—F-Bindung befindet sich in trans-Position zum N-Atom des (NPPh3)--Liganden, dessen TiN-Bindung mit 177,7 pm einer Doppelbindung entspricht. Der vom HNPPh3-Liganden ausgehende Ti—N-Abstand beträgt 213,4 pm.Das Phosphanimin HNPPh3 bildet nach der Kristallstrukturanalyse monomere Moleküle mit einer PN-Bindungslänge von 152,4 pm ohne intermolekulare Wasserstoffbrücken. Raumgruppe P21/c, Z = 4, Strukturlösung mit 3229 unabhängigen Reflexen, R = 0,062 für Reflexe mit I 〉 2σ(I). Gitterkonstanten bei -70°C: a = 1460,4; b = 928,9; c = 1096,6 pm; β = 93,35°.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 1466-1470 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Synthesis ; Crystal structure ; Halides ; Clusters ; Lanthanides ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The First Bromide with Trigonal-Bipyramidal [M5(C2)] Clusters: [Pr5(C2)]Br9The bromide [Pr5(C2)]Br9 is obtained via metallothermic reduction of PrBr3 with rubidium in the presence of praseodymium and carbon in a sealed niobium container at 730°C as dark red single crystals. [Pr5(C2)]Br9 crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system [P21/n; Z = 4; a = 1 006.9(1); b = 1 886.1(1); c = 1 045.9(1) pm; β = 108.130(1)°; Rint = 0.059; R1 = 0.038; wR2 = 0.077]. One edge in the base of the trigonal bipyramid in [Pr5(C2)]Br9 is usually long (440 pm). It is not brigded by a Bri ligand. In addition to the eight Bri, the cluster is coordinated by 12 terminal ligands (Bra). Except for the known Bra-a-a and Bri-a connections, Bri-a-a brigdes are observed for the first time for trigonal-bipyramidal clusters.
    Notes: Das Bromid [Pr5(C2)]Br9 erhält man durch metallothermische Reduktion von PrBr3 mit Rubidium in Gegenwart von Praseodym und Kohlenstoff in einer verschweißten Niobampulle bei 730°C in Form dunkelroter Kristalle. [Pr5(C2)]Br9 kristallisiert im monoklinen Kristallsystem [P21/n; Z = 4; a = 1 006,9(1); b = 1 886,1(1); c = 1 045,9(1) pm; β = 108,130(1)°; Rint = 0,059; R1 = 0,038; wR2 = 0,077]. Eine Kante in der Basis der trigonalen Bipyramide in [Pr5(C2)]Br9 ist mit 440 pm ungewöhnlich lang und wird nicht von einem Bri-Liganden überbrückt. Zusätzlich zu den acht Bri werden die Cluster von 12 terminalen Liganden koordiniert (Bra). Neben den bekannten Bra-a-a- und Bri-a-Brücken treten hier erstmals bei trigonal-bipyramidalen Clustern Bri-a-a-Brücken auf.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Synthesis ; Crystal Structure ; Rare Earths ; Ternary Lithium Nitrate ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ternary Lithium Rare Earth Nitrates with Lonesome Nitrate Ions: Li3[M(NO3)5](NO3) (M = Gd—Lu, Y). The Crystal Structure of Li3Er(NO3)6Single crystals of the ternary nitrate Li3Er(NO3)6 are obtained from a solution of “Er(NO3)3” in the melt of LiNO3. In Li3Er(NO3)6 (monoclinic, P21/n, Z = 4; a = 776.0(1); b = 748.86(8); c = 2 396(1) pm; β = 90.76(3)°; R1 = 0.0490; wR2 = 0.0792), Er3+ is surrounded by five bidentate nitrate ligands yielding the anionic units [Er(NO3)5]2-. These are arranged in the direction of the 21 screw axis. Two lonesome NO3- ions are in the middle of such a “helix” and are connected by Li+ with the anions [Er(NO3)5]2-. The helices are moved against each other by about half of the lattice constant a and are connected by further Li+ ions.
    Notes: Einkristalle des ternären Nitrates Li3Er(NO3)6 erhält man durch Lösen von „Er(NO3)3“ in einer Schmelze von LiNO3. In Li3Er(NO3)6 (monoklin, P21/n, Z = 4; a = 776,0(1); b = 748,86(8); c = 2 396(1) pm; β = 90,76(3)°; R1 = 0,0490; wR2 = 0,0792) ist Er3+ von fünf Nitratliganden jeweils zweizähnig in Form der anionischen Einheit [Er(NO3)5]2- umgeben. Diese Einheiten sind längs der 21-Schraubenachse angeordnet. In der Mitte dieser „Spirale“ befinden sich zwei einsame NO3--Ionen, die über Li+-Ionen mit den Anionen [Er(NO3)5]2- verbunden sind. Die „Spiralen“ sind um die halbe Gitterkonstante a gegeneinander verschoben und über weitere Li+-Ionen verknüpft.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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