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  • 1995-1999  (7)
  • Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis  (5)
  • Intestinal neuronal dysplasia  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active collagen synthesis in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 237-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ; Procollagen type I extracellular matrix ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract M-57 antibody, which is capable of distinguishing newly-synthesized type I procollagen from fully-processed, mature collagen, was used to examine the expression of collagen synthesis in hypertrophic pyloric muscle from patients with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). Seven specimens from IHPS patients were removed at the time of operation; age-matched normal pyloric tissue of 5 post-mortem cases was obtained as controls. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibody of the amino-terminal end of the procollagen type I propeptide (M-57). Newly-synthesized procollagen (M-57) was strongly detected in both the connective tissue septa between circular muscle bundles, and among the circular-muscle fibers in patients with IHPS. No M-57 staining was observed among the circular-muscle fibers in controls. Our findings show that the hypertrophic circular muscle in IHPS is actively synthesizing collagen, and this may be responsible for the characteristic “firm” nature of the pyloric tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050306
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased expression of transforming growth factor-α in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 198-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ; Smooth-muscle cells ; Transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is characterized by hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle. The growth of smooth-muscle cells (SMCs) is regulated by several growth factors. Transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) is a growth-regulatory peptide found in a wide range of embryonic and adult tissues. It has been recognized that TGF-α has growth-promoting effects in vascular and visceral SMCs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TGF-α plays a role in the pyloric-muscle hypertrophy in IHPS. Full-thickness pyloric-muscle biopsy specimens were obtained at the time of pyloromyotomy from 10 IHPS patients (age range 24–76 days). Age-matched control material included 10 pyloric-muscle specimens taken at autopsy in patients without evidence of gastrointestinal disease. Indirect immunohistochemistry was performed using the ABC method with anti-TGF-α polyclonal antibody. In-situ hybridization was performed using a digoxigenin-labelled, TGF-α-specific oligonucleotide probe. There was a marked increase in TGF-α immunoreactivity and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in SMCs in pyloric circular and longitudinal muscle in IHPS specimens compared to controls. The increased expression of TGF-α mRNA together with increased TGF-α immunoreactivity in IHPS suggests increased local synthesis of TGF-α by pyloric SMCs, causing pyloric-muscle hypertrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050554
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What are the diagnostic criteria for intestinal neuronal dysplasia? (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 10 (1995), S. 459-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Intestinal neuronal dysplasia ; Hirschsprung's disease ; Acetylcholinesterase staining ; Diagnostic criteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The incidence of isolated intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) has varied from 0.3% to 62% of all suction rectal biopsies in different centres. The uncertainty regarding the incidence has resulted from the considerable confusion regarding the essential diagnostic criteria. In an attempt to clarify the diagnostic criteria for IND, we examined biopsy material from the following three groups using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry: (1) full-thickness normal colon from 23 controls; (2) suction rectal biopsies from 9 patients who had isolated IND; and (3) full-thickness biopsies from 10 patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) who demonstrated IND in the proximal margin of the resected segment. Our data show that hyperganglionosis is the most consistent finding in both IND associated with HD and isolated IND. Other histochemical criteria of IND were dependent upon whether the biopsy was full-thickness or a suction rectal biopsy. Where full-thickness biopsies were available, giant ganglia and ectopic ganglion cells were seen in all cases. Increases in AChE-positive nerve fibres in the mucosa was a frequent finding in patients with IND diagnosed by suction rectal biopsies. We recommend that patients suspected to have IND on suction rectal biopsy should have a full-thickness biopsy for detailed examination of the submucous and myenteric plexuses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176387
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA expression in pyloric muscle in infantile hypzertrophic pyloric stenosis (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 253-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ; Insulin-like growth factor-I ; mRNA ; In-situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The etiology of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is unknown. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a polypeptide hormone that elicits various biological activities (cellular growth, replication, and differentiation) by binding to its receptors. IGF-I has been suggested to play an important role in both gastrointestinal (GI) maturation and smooth-muscle-cell (SMC) hypertrophy. Full-thickness muscle biopsy specimens were obtained from 8 IHPS patients (age range 14–64 days, mean 28.1 days) at pyloromyotomy and from 8 age-matched controls (15–60 days, mean 33.8 days) without GI disease at autopsy. In-situ hybridization was performed using an IGF-I-specific and digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled oligonucleotide probe and visualized by nitroblue tetrazolium staining. In normal controls, IGF-I mRNA expression was absent or weak in both circular and longitudinal smooth-muscle layers of pyloric muscle. In contrast, the pyloric muscle in IHPS patients demonstrated strong IGF-I mRNA expression in the circular smooth-muscle layer and moderate expression in the longitudinal smooth-muscle layer. The increase in IGF-I mRNA in pyloric muscle in IHPS suggests that SMCs are actively synthesizing IGF-I, contributing to the development of pyloric muscle hypertrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050309
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NADPH-diaphorase histochemical staining of suction rectal biopsies in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease and allied disorders (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 464-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Hirschsprung's disease ; Hypoganglionosis ; Intestinal neuronal dysplasia ; Suction rectal biopsy ; NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the specificity and sensitivity of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-D) staining in suction rectal biopsies (SRB) to determine whether it can be used as a diagnostic test for Hirschsprung's disease (HD) and related disorders. We studied SRB material in 80 patients suspected of having such disorders taken at 3, 5, and 7 cm above the pectinate line. Eight-micron sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, acetylcholinesterase histochemistry, and NADPH-D histochemistry. Normal biopsy specimens demonstrated strong NADPH-D reactivity in the submucosal ganglia and a large number of NADPH-D-positive fibers in the muscularis mucosae (MM). In contrast, there were no NADPH-D-positive fibers in the MM in patients with HD and hypertrophic nerve trunks stained weakly. Patients with hypoganglionosis (HYPG) demonstrated only a few NADPH-D-positive fibers in the MM and scant submucosal ganglia. Our results show that it is possible to diagnose HD and HYPG in mucosal rectal biopsies containing MM only and stained by NADPH-D histochemistry. As there is no background staining in NADPH-D histochemistry, it is easy to detect NADPH-D-positive fibers. NADPH-D histochemical staining may be an important additional technique for diagnosing HD and related disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050375
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered messenger RNA expression of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (1997)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 12 (1997), S. 576-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ; Neuronal nitric oxide synthase ; messenger RNA ; Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) has been described as a mediator of smooth muscle relaxation in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the formation of NO. We examined the expression of the neuronal NOS gene at the messenger RNA (mRNA) level in pyloric smooth-muscle biopsy specimens from six patients with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. For controls, smooth-muscle layer specimens of pylorus (n=3), ileum (n=2), and colon (n=2) were used. With 31 cycles of PCR reaction, control specimens revealed detectable signals for neuronal NOS mRNA. In contrast, signals of IHPS specimens were undetectable in five cases and very weak in one. By increasing the PCR to 37 cycles, detectable signals for neuronal NOS mRNA were observed in all IHPS specimens, but they were significantly weaker than those of controls. Since a low level of neuronal NOS mRNA may lead to impaired production of NO, our observations indicate that the excessively contracted, hypertrophied pyloric muscle in IHPS is a result of reduced expression of the neuronal NOS gene at the mRNA level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01371902
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathogenesis of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: recent progress (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 243-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ; Pathogenesis ; Innervation ; Extracellular matrix proteins ; Growth factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common condition requiring surgery in the first few months of life, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Reviews of the recent progress in the pathogenesis of IHPS show: (1) there is increasing evidence to suggest that smooth-muscle cells in IHPS are not properly innervated; (2) because non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves are mediators of smooth-muscle relaxation, it is likely that the absence of these nerves in pyloric muscle is the cause of excessively contracted hypertrophic circular pyloric muscle; (3) there are abnormal amounts of extracellular matrix proteins in hypertrophic pyloric muscle. Circular muscle cells in IHPS are actively synthesizing collagen, and this may be responsible for the characteristic “firm” nature of the pyloric tumor; and (4) the increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-I, transforming growth factor-ß1, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB and their receptors in hypertrophic pyloric muscle suggests that increased local synthesis of growth factors may play an important role in smooth-muscle hypertrophy in IHPS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050308
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