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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1757-1762 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The ac electrical behavior of the polycrystalline yttria was evaluated in the temperature range of 800–1300 °C in air as a function of frequency (5 Hz≤f≤13 MHz). Resistance-temperature and resistance-time (aging) characteristics were examined using immittance measurements and electron microscopy to establish microstructure-property relationships. The ac electrical data indicated two distinct relaxations when analyzed in the impedance plane. These relaxations are attributed to the lumped grain and grain-boundary contributions in conjunction with a polarization effect at the electrode/sample interface. The admittance plane analysis revealed a semicircular relaxation in the low-frequency region, indicative of a trapping effect associated with grain-boundaries and the electrode/sample interface. The variation in the total electrical resistance with time is found to be dependent on the starting microstructure of the sample. A sample with a larger grain size shows a smaller degree of aging at elevated temperatures. Immittance measurements suggest that the major contribution to the aging behavior comes from the evolution in the microstructure. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 1415-1417 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The thermoelectric properties near ambient temperature of half-Heusler alloys based on LnPdSb, where Ln=Ho, Er, and Dy are reported. The Seebeck coefficients are large, between 60 and 250 μV/K, and the materials are p type. The resistivities are between 0.6 and 20 mΩ cm. Thermal conductivities are between approximately 5.0 and 3.5 W/mK at 300 K, and are smallest in intentionally disordered materials. The highest ambient temperature ZT obtained is 0.06. Band-structure calculations are presented for LuPdSb. It is suggested that half-Heusler alloys with 18 electrons per formula unit may represent a large class of thermoelectric materials. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 105 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective To determine the effect of labour on free oxygen radical activity in the fetus, as reflected by lipid peroxide levels in umbilical cord arterial blood.Design Prospective, observational study.Setting Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.Methods Umbilical cord arterial and venous blood samples were collected from singleton term infants delivered by elective caesarean section. Base excess, PO2, pCO2, and pH were measured in both samples and compared to identify double venous samples. Cord arterial acid-base balance and concentrations of organic hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde were compared with those obtained from normal vaginal deliveries.Results Cord arterial blood samples, obtained from cases of uncomplicated labour followed by spontaneous vaginal delivery, had significantly higher lipid peroxide concentrations than those delivered following elective caesarean section. This was most marked for malondialdehyde with a median value increased by 105%, whilst organic hydroperoxide was increased by only 27%. Of the acid-base parameters, base excess was increased by 78%, with only minimal changes in pH, PCO2, and PO2. These differences remained highly significant after including other pregnancy characteristics in multivariate analysis.Conclusion The findings indicate that high levels of free oxygen radical activity in the fetus are a function of the labour process, as are changes in acid-base balance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Photoresponse signals with widths as short as 1.5 ps are observed from epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films using electro-optic sampling techniques. Voltage transients less than 2 ps wide are seen in 100- and 200-nm films exposed to 150-fs laser pulses and cooled to 79 K. At low bias currents, the amplitude of the fast response varies linearly with the bias current, suggesting a kinetic inductive mechanism. A negative transient about 15-ps long is also seen that may provide evidence for nonequilibrium recombination of excited quasiparticles into Cooper pairs. At high bias currents or large laser fluences, a fast tail with a decay time of about 10 ps appears in the response followed by a slow, resistive bolometric component due to sample heating. Nonequilibrium aspects of the photoresponse and the origin of the fast tail are discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 3999-4001 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The thermoelectric properties of intermetallic compounds with the Y3Au3Sb4 structure type, of formula Ln3Au3Sb4 for Ln=Gd, Nd, Ho, and Sm, are reported. The highest Seebeck coefficients are on the order of 100–200 μV/K, indicating that the dominant carriers are holes, and increase with increasing temperature. Variation of the Au:Sb ratio significantly affects the resistivities and Seebeck coefficients. Materials with mixtures of lanthanides on the large atom site show improved Seebeck coefficients without degradation of the electrical resistivity. The thermal conductivities are very low, even for the stoichiometric materials, and decrease in materials with mixed lanthanides. Band-structure calculations show a complex multivalley character for both valence and conduction bands. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 35 (1995), S. 93-127 
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Medizin , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 25 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 966-975 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: This work illustrates the structural relationship between three types of metal squarates as well as the ligand in its acid form and in its monoanion salt. Squaric acid, H2C4O4, is known to have a polymeric layer structure with planar molecules connected through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The interlayer distance is only 2.649 Å. The crystal of H2NMe2[H3(C4O4)2] is found to contain columns of [H3(C4O4)2−] repeating units, again connected by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Within the repeated unit, there is a symmetric hydrogen bond connected to two HC4O4 moieties. A new type of metal squarate with M(HC4O4)2(H2O)4 M = MnII, FeII both belong to space group P\bar 1, Z = 1, a = 5.194 (3), b = 7.454 (2), c = 8.901 (2) Å, α = 67.07 (2), β = 77.26 (3), γ = 74.46 (4)°, for MnII is shown to have a layer-type structure, where all [HC4O4] units are bonded into infinite chains via symmetric hydrogen bonds, each (HC4O4)22− ligand bridging two metal ions (μ-2) in a trans fashion. The structurally most well understood metal squarate M(C4O4)(H2O)4 (M = MnII, FeII, CoII, NiII and ZnII, space group C2/c, Z = 4) is again a polymeric chain with C4O42− serving as a bridging ligand between two metal ions (μ-2) in trans positions. A three-dimensional polymeric structure is found to have the formula M(C404)(H2O)2, where C4O42− is a bridging ligand between four metal ions (μ-4). Due to the slight difference in packing, there are two structure types in this category: one is in space group R{\bar 3} [M = FeII, a = 11.440 (2), c = 14.504 (3) Å, Z = 9], the other is in Pn{\bar 3}n [M = CoII, a = 16.255 (3) Å, Z = 24]. The structural relationship between all these structures relies heavily on the understanding of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The interesting building blocks of each compound will be illustrated. There are tunnels of various sizes in all these structures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archive for rational mechanics and analysis 132 (1995), S. 73-99 
    ISSN: 1432-0673
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archive for rational mechanics and analysis 137 (1997), S. 27-47 
    ISSN: 1432-0673
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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