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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prenatal diagnosis of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency by using a single nucleated erythrocyte from maternal blood (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 102 (1998), S. 611-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have developed a method that allows the prenatal DNA diagnosis of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency by using a single fetal nucleated erythrocyte (NRBC) isolated from maternal blood. OTC gene analysis of a male patient (TF) with early onset OTC deficiency was performed by single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing. To investigate the possible prenatal diagnosis of OTC deficiency, maternal blood was obtained at 13 weeks of gestation of a subsequent pregnancy, from the mother of patient TF. NRBCs in the maternal blood were separated by using the density gradient method and then collected with a micromanipulator. The entire genome of a single NRBC was amplified by primer extension preamplification (PEP). The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ alpha genotype and sex were determined from small aliquots of the PEP product. The HLA-DQ alpha genotype of each of the parents of the male patient was also determined. Once a single NRBC had been identified as being of fetal origin, the OTC gene was analyzed by using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. DNA analysis revealed a point mutation in exon 9 of the OTC gene in the OTC-deficient patient (TF). All NRBCs retrieved from maternal blood were successfully identified as being of fetal origin by HLA-DQ alpha genotyping and sex determination. RFLP analysis demonstrated that the fetal OTC gene was normal. This is the first study to successfully diagnose OTC deficiency prenatally, by using a single fetal NRBC from the maternal circulation. Such prenatal DNA diagnosis is non-invasive and can be applied to other genetic diseases, including autosomal and X-linked diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050750
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful treatment of blunt trauma involving complete laceration of the pancreas and duodenum in a 7-year-old child: Report of a case (1997)
    Springer
    Surgery today 27 (1997), S. 84-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: pancreaticoduodenal trauma ; complete laceration ; computed tomography ; organ preservation ; pancreaticogastrostomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The acute onset of peritoneal signs and shock in a 7year-old boy who had been hit in the epigastrium by a log-seesaw mandated surgical treatment. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated complete laceration of the pancreas as well as duodenal injury, and a duodenoduodenostomy with distal pancreaticogastrostomy was subsequently performed. Temporary external drainage of the stomach and distal pancreas led to an uneventful recovery in the early postoperative period. Although the patient's postoperative development was appropriate for his age, the orifice of the distal pancreas spontaneously closed 2.5 years following surgery. We present this report to stress the fact that every effort should be made to preserve the pancreas following abdominal injury in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01366947
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the histological criteria for ulcerative colitis: Retrospective evaluation of multiple colonic biopsies (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 30 (1995), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: histological criteria ; colonic biopsy ; inflammatory bowel disease ; ulcerative colitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It is clinically important to distinguish idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from other colitides, and ulcerative colitis (UC) from Crohn's disease (CD); however only a few histological criteria based on colonic biopsies have been established. We investigated 209 consecutive series of biopsies taken from 38 patients with UC, 12 with CD, and 105 with other colitides, to evaluate whether combinations of histological features, selected on the basis of our experience, and listed below, could be useful criteria for the differential diagnosis of IBD, and, more specifically, of UC: (A) chronic inflammation with a predominant increase of plasma cells, (B) crypt distortion, (C) crypt atrophy, (D) diffuse chronic inflammation within a biopsy and between biopsies, and (E) diffuse mucin depletion within a biopsy and between biopsies. Findings that fulfilled all or two of A-C distinguished IBD from the other colitides with high sensitivity (94.3%) and specificity (95.8%). When the findings fulfilled the additional criteria of D and/or E, UC was differentiated from CD or the other colitides with high sensitivity (86.4%) and specificity (99.3%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02348664
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Death of Cerebellar Granule Neurons Induced by Piperine Is Distinct from that Induced by Low Potassium Medium (1998)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 23 (1998), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Piperine ; cerebellar granule neurons ; neuronal death ; low K+medium ; apoptosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We compared neurotoxicity of piperine and low K+on cultured cerebellar granule neurons. As considered from lactate dehydrogenase release and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction, both piperine and shifting from high K+(25 mM) to low K+(5.4 mM) were cytotoxic to cerebellar granule neurons. Protein synthesis inhibitors, cycloheximide and anisomycin, and an endonuclease inhibitor, aurintricarboxylic acid, were protective against low K+-induced neuronal death whereas they were ineffective against that induced by piperine. D-α-tocopherol, trolox, and a spin trap 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-l-pyrroline-l-oxide were protective against piperine neurotoxicity whereas they had no effect on that induced by low K+. These results suggest that piperine and low K+may exert neurotoxic effects on cerebellar granule neurons through different mechanisms. Death of cerebellar granule neurons induced by piperine may be mediated by non-apoptotic mechanisms and may involve membrane lipid peroxidation and/or free radical generation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022461706344
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurotrophic Activity of Organosulfur Compounds Having a Thioallyl Group on Cultured Rat Hippocampal Neurons (1997)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 22 (1997), S. 1449-1452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Garlic ; thioallyl group ; rat hippocampus ; neuronal survival ; axonal branching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several organosulfur compounds found in garlic extract promoted the survival of rat hippocampal neurons in vitro. From the analysis of structure-activity relationship, thioallyl group in these compounds is essential for the manifestation of neurotrophic activity. S-Allyl-L-cysteine (SAC), one of the organosulfur compounds having thioallyl group in garlic extract, also promoted the axonal branching of cultured neurons. These results suggest that thioallyl compounds make a unique group of neurotrophic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021946210399
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PC-2, Linear Homoglucan with α-linkages, Peripherally Enhances the Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation (1996)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 13 (1996), S. 1322-1326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: long-term potentiation ; dentate gyrus ; PC-2 ; α-glucan ; adrenal steroids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. To investigate central effectiveness of PC-2, a glucan from lichen Parmelia caperata with α(l–3)(l–4) linkages in the ratio 3:2, with regard to the long-term potentiation (LTP) of evoked potential. Methods. The extent of LTP, induced by high-frequency stimulation of medial perforant pathway, was evaluated as fractional increase in population spike amplitude in dentate gyrus in anesthetized rats. Results. Oral and intravenous application of PC-2 resulted in significant enhancement of LTP elicited by a weak, but not by a strong, tetanic stimulation. No influence of PC-2 on basal evoked synaptic potential was found. Bilateral adrenalectomy profoundly suppressed the positive impact of the glucan on the formation of LTP, but showed no effect upon the magnitude and time-course of population spike enhancement in vehicle-treated subjects. Two related α-glucans with different chemical structures did not show any effect comparable to that of PC-2. Conclusions. Peripheral application of PC-2 significantly enhances LTP in dentate gyrus in rats. Results indicate that the effect of PC-2 might be peripherally mediated and that the specific higher structure of PC-2 is crucial for its biological activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016009630329
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and chitosan (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 18 (1997), S. 547-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Graft copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on a chitosan backbone (PEG-g-chitosan) have been synthesized and their aqueous solution properties were investigated. At pH 6.5 the graft copolymers are 100% soluble, while chitosan phase separates from solution at those conditions. These interesting graft copolymers may be especially suitable as carriers for delivery of anionic drugs, such as proteins, glycosaminoglycans, and DNA plasmids or oligonucleotides.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1997.030180703
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