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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Glycine Site Associated with N-Methyl-d-Aspartic Acid Receptors: Characterization and Identification of a New Class of Antagonists (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 52 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Membranes from rat telencephalon contain a single class of strychnine-insensitive glycine sites. That these sites are associated with N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors is indicated by the observations that [3H]glycine binding is selectively modulated by NMDA receptor ligands and, conversely, that several amino acids interacting with the glycine sites increase [3H]N-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piper-idine ([3H]TCP) binding to the phencyclidine site of the NMDA receptor. The endogenous compound kynurenate and several related quinoline and quinoxaline derivatives inhibit glycine binding with affinities that are much higher than their affinities for glutamate binding sites. In contrast to glycine, kynurenate-type compounds inhibit [3H]TCP binding and thus are suggested to form a novel class of antagonists of the NMDA receptor acting through the glycine site. These results suggest the existence of a dual and opposite modulation of NMDA receptors by endogenous ligands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb01881.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorylation-Mediated Changes in Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity Influence Pyruvate-Supported Calcium Accumulation by Brain Mitochondria (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 36 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Changes in the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase [pyruvate: lipoamide oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-acetylating), EC 1.2.4.1, PDH], elicited by inhibition of the phosphorylation of its 40,000 Mrα-subunit, were compared with changes in pyruvate-supported calcium accumulation by rat brain mitochondria. Dichloroacetate (DCA) produces concentration-dependent inhibition of the phosphorylation of intramitochondrial PDH a-subunit, which is accompanied by stimulation of PDH activity and calcium accumulation. DCA did not affect succinate- or ATP-supported mitochondrial calcium accumulation. The concentration of DCA giving half-maximal inhibition of the phosphorylation was almost identical to that giving half-maximal stimulation of PDH activity and calcium accumulation. PDH activity and pyruvate-supported calcium accumulation showed similar dependence on pyruvate concentration with respective apparent affinities for pyruvate of 40 μm and 30 μm, and both activities exhibited positive cooperativity. DCA modified only the maximal activity of PDH or the maximal calcium accumulation without changing either the apparent affinities for pyruvate or calcium or the Hill coefficients. These data provide evidence that calcium accumulation by mitochondria is tightly linked to PDH activity and that changes in the phosphorylation of the PDH α-subunit can be reflected in changes in the calcium-buffering ability of mitochondria. This suggests a possible mechanism by which a variety of manipulations, such as repetitive synaptic stimulation, can alter the regulation of internal calcium levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb10817.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STUDIES ON S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE INHIBITION OF HISTAMINE TRANSMETHYLATION IN BRAIN (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 20 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The mechanism of histamine methyltransferase (HMT) inhibition by S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) has been investigated on a partially purified enzyme from guinea-pig brain. The kinetic data indicated that this inhibition was competitive with respect to S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) and noncompetitive with respect to histamine. The Kt, values (about 5 ± 10−6 M in both cases) indicated that SAH had a higher affinity than SAHe or histamine for the enzyme.In rats, after administration of a small dose of SAH, methylation of intracisternally injected [3H]histamine was not modified.However, treatment with l-DOPA or pyrogallol induced a decrease in [3H]histamine methylation, presumably due to a modification in the SAMe/SAH ratio in the brain. Hence, histamine methylation in brain could be regulated according to the value of this ratio and thus related to methylation of other biogenic amines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb12099.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF HISTIDINE DECARBOXYLASE IN VARIOUS REGIONS OF RAT BRAIN (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The subcellular distribution of histidine decarboxylase (assayed by two different isotopic methods) and several biochemical markers (lactate dehydrogenase, DOPA decarboxylase and protein) was determined in rat cerebral cortex. After differential centrifugation, the enzyme activity was found mainly in the crude mitochondrial and soluble fractions. Further separation of the former on discontinuous sucrose gradients showed that the particulate histidine decarboxylase (HD) was found in the synaptosomal fraction. After osmotic shock, HD activity appeared in the supernatant fraction suggesting that a major portion of the enzyme is localized in the cytoplasm of cortical nerve endings. By analogy with other brain amines, this finding, together with the presence of histamine in synaptic vesicles (Kataoka and de Robertis, 1967), can be taken as further support for the hypothesis of a role as neurotransmitter for histamine.Various brain regions were homogenized under conditions leading to synaptosome formation. The distribution of HD between ‘particulate’ and soluble fractions differed from one region to the other, but did not give any clear-cut indication of regions rich in cell bodies or nerve terminals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb07583.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Temperature and Calcium on the Binding Properties of the AMPA Receptor in Frozen Rat Brain Sections (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 4 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The elucidation of the mechanisms regulating the properties of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) subtype of glutamate receptors is important for understanding glutamatergic transmission. Here we report that qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of tritiated ligand binding to the AMPA receptor on thin frozen rat brain tissue sections reveals the existence of several mechanisms regulating the binding properties of AMPA receptors. Preincubation of tissue sections at 35°C results in a decreased amount of [3H]AMPA binding as compared to that measured following preincubation at 0°C. The decrease in binding appears to be mainly localized to cell bodies as evaluated by autoradiography, and could be due to proteolysis. Preincubation with calcium at 35°C produces increased levels of [3H]AMPA binding. The effect of calcium is mimicked by manganese and to a lesser extent by magnesium; it is concentration-dependent with a 50% effective concentration for calcium of ∼150 μM, time-dependent and temperature-dependent. The calcium-induced increase in [3H]AMPA binding is different among various brain structures, being larger in area CA1 of the hippocampus and in the superficial layers of the cerebral cortex. The effect of calcium is partly reduced by preincubation with the calpain inhibitor leupeptin and potentiated by preincubation with purified calpain II. The calcium-induced increase in [3H]AMPA binding is associated with a decrease in the binding of an antagonist of AMPA receptors, [3H]6-nitro-7-cyanoquinoxaline-2,3-dione. The results indicate that the binding properties of the AMPA receptor are rapidly regulated by calcium-dependent processes, and possibly by calcium-dependent proteases. They suggest that modulation of the binding properties involves changes in the configuration of the receptor, producing opposite changes in the affinities of the receptor for agonists and antagonists. Finally, these results strengthen the hypothesis that changes in the properties of AMPA receptors might underlie various forms of synaptic plasticity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1992.tb00136.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early effects of thyroidectomy and triiodothyronine administration on rat-liver mitochondria
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 15 (1979), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0303-7207
    Keywords: mitochondrial protein synthesis ; rat-liver mitochondria ; thyroidectomy ; triiodothyronine
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0303-7207(79)90065-0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of thyroidectomy on oxidative phosphorylation mechanisms in rat liver mitochondria
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 28 (1982), S. 455-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 0303-7207
    Keywords: 2,4-dinitrophenol ; ATPase ; oligomycin ; phosphorylation rate ; succinate cytochrome c reductase ; thyroidectomy
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0303-7207(82)90139-3
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of two ACTH analogs on successive odor discrimination learning in rats
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 10 (1989), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: ACTH analogs ; Learning and memory ; Olfaction ; Peptides
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(89)90034-X
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial learning in the rat: impairment induced by the thiol-proteinase inhibitor, leupeptin, and an analysis of [^3H]glutamate receptor binding in relation to learning
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Behavioral and Neural Biology 47 (1987), S. 333-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 0163-1047
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0163-1047(87)90448-1
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leupeptin, a thiol proteinase inhibitor, causes a selective impairment of spatial maze performance in rats
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Behavioral and Neural Biology 40 (1984), S. 58-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0163-1047
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0163-1047(84)90170-5
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