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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin and interpretation of fine scale magnetic contrast in magnetic force microscopy: A study using single-crystal NdFeB and a range of magnetic force microscopy tips : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6411-6413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used an oriented single crystal of Nd2Fe14B1 as a test sample to explore contrast and resolution as a function of magnetic force microscopy tip coating, tip scan height, and sample history. We find that resolution is independent of tip type; that contrast is greater at low scan heights and for higher moment tips; and that the fine length scale structure of order 25 nm can be resolved. We further show how the surface structure is a function of state (demagnetized or remanent), demonstrating the ability of well-characterized studies to give high-resolution information on carefully prepared samples. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367536
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinoblastoma, melanoma and the atypical mole syndrome (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Retinoblastoma patients and their relatives appear to have an increased risk of other cancers, especially melanoma, which represents 7% of second primaries in retinoblastoma survivors. Individuals belonging to families with the atypical mole syndrome (another family cancer syndrome with a genetic susceptibility to melanoma) have a recognizable phenotype, with many atypical melanocytic naevi. We report two families in which both retinoblastoma and melanoma occurred. It is of interest that in these families atypical melanocytic naevi were also demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08639.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hospital merger leaves clinical science intact (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 401 (1999), S. 842-842 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir The News article by Rex Dalton about the merger between the hospitals of Stanford and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) is misleading (Nature 400, 300; 1999). First, it gives the impression that ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/44680
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic investigation of uptake and storage of exogenous sperm by the ovary of the compound ascidian Diplosoma listerianum (1996)
    Springer
    Marine biology 125 (1996), S. 663-670 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The movement of radiolabelled non-self sperm within the female reproductive tract of cultured specimens of the hermaphroditic ascidian Diplosoma listerianum Milne Edwards was investigated by light-microscope autoradiography. Passage of male gametes up the oviduct (fertilization canal) to the ovary was demonstrated for sperm known unequivocally to be of external (non-self) origin. The lumen of the ovary was directly confirmed as a site of long-term storage of sperm, as had previously been suggested from circumstantial evidence. The ovary had a branching structure. Sperm entered blind diverticula leading from the main lumen of the ovary, and persisted there adjacent to the oocyte at the end of each of these side-branches. This arrangement included the association of stored sperm with very small, immature oocytes. An investigation of the time-course of sperm uptake showed that exogenous sperm did not enter the oviducts of recipient ramets for some time (〉3 h) after they were initially available, with first presence of sperm noted in the distal half of the duct at 9 h and greatest recorded uptake at 27 h. Sperm had reached the ovary 6.6 h after the first observation of their occurrence in the distal part of the oviduct. Uptake declined steeply between 27 and 46.8 h of continual exposure to sperm released by a single genetic source, and remained low at 81 h. The significance of these observations for the mating pattern of D. listerianum is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349248
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-Localisation in the ‘Senario’ Autonomous Wheelchair (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 22 (1998), S. 255-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: localisation ; neural networks ; stochastic diffusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper introduces the Focused Stochastic Diffusion Network as a novel method of self-localisation for an autonomous wheelchair in a complex, busy environment. The space of possible positions is explored in parallel by a set of cells searching in a competitive co-operative manner for the most likely position of the wheelchair in its environment. Experimental results from the SENARIO autonomous wheelchair project indicate the technique is practical and robust.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008033229660
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple inflammation model that distinguishes between the actions of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 26-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Rat — Cytokine — Acute phase protein — Anti-inflammatory drugs — Anti-rheumatic drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: To determine the effects of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs on paw swelling and changes in plasma levels of acute phase proteins (APPs) during acute inflammation in the rat.¶Materials and Methods: Inflammation was induced in rats by the injection of adjuvant and the animals were bled five days later and plasma levels of seromucoid, haptoglobin, caeruloplasmin and albumin were determined spectrophotometrically using a Cobas-bio centrifugal analyzer. The effects of daily administration of a variety of drugs used to treat arthritis were determined on paw swelling and APP levels.¶Results: Injection of the adjuvant induced a pronounced change in APP levels which correlated with the increase in paw swelling. In general, the NSAIDs tested significantly reduced paw swelling and significantly increased levels of haptoglobin and caeruloplasmin in a dose-related manner. Two dose-levels of steroids were administered, the higher dose reduced swelling, and reduced levels of seromucoid, haptoglobin and caeruloplasmin, but raised albumin levels; the lower dose also reduced paw swelling, but the only change in APPs was increased albumin levels. Anti-rheumatic drugs such as gold salts reduced levels of some APPs (seromucoid, haptoglobin and caeruloplasmin) without reducing paw swelling. Immunomodulators had a variety of effects on inflammation and APPs depending on mechanism of action.¶Conclusions: The different classes of anti-inflammatory/anti-rheumatic drug tested show distinct profiles of activity against APPs and paw swelling. These differential effects may result from modulation of cytokine activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050250
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aneuploid epididymal sperm detected in chromosomally normal and Robertsonian translocation-bearing mice using a new three-chromosome FISH method (1996)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 105 (1996), S. 204-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We present a new method to detect epididymal sperm aneuploidy (ESA) in mice using simultaneous fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes specific for mouse chromosomes X, Y and 8. The method was applied to Robertsonian (Rb) translocation (8.14) heterozygotes and homozygotes as well as the chromosomally normal B6C3F1. The sex ratios of sperm did not differ from the expected 1:1 and the hybridization efficiencies were ∼99.7% for over 60 000 sperm analyzed. Mice heterozygous for Rb (8.14) produced about tenfold higher rates of sperm with chromosome 8 hyperhaploidy than did Rb (8.14) homozygotes or chromosomally normal mice, while frequencies of sperm with hyperhaploidies for chromosomes X and Y were unaffected in all three lines of mice. Hyperhaploid frequencies obtained with the ESA method were consistent with those of the previous testicular FISH method and were validated by published data obtained by conventional cytogenetic analyses (meiotic metaphase II and first cleavage). Thus, the mouse three-chromosome ESA assay together with the previously developed aneuploidy assay for human sperm constitute a promising pair of interspecific biomarkers for comparative studies of the genetic and physiologic mechanisms of the induction and persistence of aneuploidy in male germ cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050176
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic structure of populations of two species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the north-east Atlantic and Mediterranean (1997)
    Springer
    Marine biology 128 (1997), S. 73-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Protein electrophoresis on starch gels was used to investigate population genetic structure of the barnacles Chthamalus montagui Southward and C. stellatus (Poli) over their north-east Atlantic and Mediterranean ranges. In each species, a single locus exhibited marked differentiation of allele frequencies between Atlantic and Mediterranean localities; in C. stellatus, genetic differentiation between the two basins had not previously been noted. In both species, mean heterozygosity per locus appeared higher in the Mediterranean samples than in the Atlantic, and Mediterranean populations had more alleles at the loci studied. Possible explanations for the differentiation between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean populations are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050070
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase I and subsequent phase II study of filgrastim (r-met-HuG-CSF) and dose intensified cyclophosphamide plus epirubicin in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and advanced solid tumors (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 10 (1999), S. 907-914 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: cyclophosphamide ; dose-escalation ; epirubicin ; filgrastim ; G-CSF ; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To define a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for the combination of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide with filgrastim (r-met-HuG-CSF) in patients with advanced solid tumors and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Patients and methods: Thirty-five patients with advanced solid tumors were enrolled in stages I and II. Twenty-one patients were treated in stage I in sequential cohorts of at least three patients at increasing dosage levels of cyclophosphamide and epirubicin, for up to six cycles every 21 days. At the completion of stage I, a MTD for epirubicin was established. Fourteen patients were treated in stage II, in cohorts of three or more. The epirubicin dose remained constant at the MTD dosage from stage I. Cyclophosphamide was further dose-escalated to establish its MTD. Twenty-one patients with previously untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated in stage III with the MTD established in the prior stages. Results: The MTD in stage I was epirubicin 150 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 1500 mg/m2 with cumulative neutropenia as the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Cumulative thrombocytopenia prevented further dose-escalation of cyclophosphamide in stage II. The stage III regimen consisted of six, 21-day cycles of epirubicin 150 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 1500 mg/m2, vincristine 2 mg, and prednisolone 100 mg for five days with filgrastim support. Nineteen of twenty-one patients (90%) completed six cycles of treatment, eight (38%) without dose reduction. Common toxicity criteria (CTC) grade 4 neutropenia (neutrophil nadir 〈0.5 × 109/l) was documented in 85 of 118 cycles (72%). Neutropenic fever was documented in 17 of 21 patients (81%) on at least one occasion. Severe thrombocytopenia (〈25 × 109/l) was seen in fourteen of 118 cycles (12%) and increased with cycle number. There was no significant non-hematological toxicity. Conclusion: Significant dose-escalation of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide was possible with filgrastim support. The MTD achieved was approximately double that of standard-dose therapy. This study forms the basis of an ongoing randomized study evaluating dose-intensification in intermediate grade NHL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008353522601
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships (QSAR) of Cinnamic Acid Bird Repellents (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 2825-2845 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cinnamic acids ; bird repellents ; quantitative structure–activity relationship ; dose–response ; pigeon ; Columba livia ; crop protection ; feeding deterrent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Plants have evolved an array of defense chemicals that inhibit the feeding of vertebrate herbivores and therefore have potential for agricultural and environmental applications to reduce feeding damage. We investigated the relationship between structure and repellency for 14 derivatives of the plant secondary compound, cinnamic acid, using the feral pigeon (Columba livia) as the test species. The mechanism behind the repellent activity of these derivatives is explained by a combination of four descriptors: heat of formation (ΔH f), polarizability (XY and YY) and superdelocalizability (Sr). All these parameters are electronic, indicating that changes in electronic distribution within cinnamic acid structures are crucial for activity. This is the first published quantitative structure–activity model for avian repellents, and as a result we can now begin to predict which cinnamic acid derivatives should make effective repellents. The full power of this model to aid the selection and screening of new repellents awaits further experimentation on both related compounds and other avian species. However, this modeling approach promises to provide a more efficient and economic method for prospecting chemical databases for new effective bird repellents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020863927061
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