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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unexpected enhancement of β-lactam antibiotic formation in Streptomyces clavuligerus by very high concentrations of exogenous lysine (1996)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 44 (1996), S. 705-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  L-Lysine is known to stimulate production of β-lactam antibiotics by Streptomyces clavuligerus via provision of the lysine breakdown product, L-α-aminoadipic acid, which is a limiting precursor. Previous investigations utilized levels of 10–20 mM L-lysine as an addition to chemically-defined media resulting in 50–100% improvement in antibiotic production. We were surprised to note that as the concentration was further increased, the organism responded by producing even higher titers of antibiotics. The optimum concentration of 100 mM L-lysine yielded an approximate 500% increase in production with only minor effects on growth. DL- and D-Lysine also exerted enhancements suggesting the presence of a lysine racemase or some other route from D-lysine to L-α-aminoadipate in this organism; D-lysine was considerably less potent than DL- or L-lysine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178606
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unexpected enhancement of β-lactam antibiotic formation inStreptomyces clavuligerus by very high concentrations of exogenous lysine (1996)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 44 (1996), S. 705-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract l-Lysine is known to stimulate production of β-lactam antibiotics byStreptomyces clavuligerus via provision of the lysine breakdown product,l-α-aminoadipic acid, which is a limiting precursor. Previous investigations utilized levels of 10–20 mMl-lysine as an addition to chemically-defined media resulting in 50–100% improvement in antibiotic production. We were surprised to note that as the concentration was further increased, the organism responded by producing even higher titers of antibiotics. The optimum concentration of 100 mMl-lysine yielded an approximate 500% increase in production with only minor effects on growth.dl- andd-lysine also exerted enhancements suggesting the presence of a lysine racemase or some other route fromd-lysine tol-α-aminoadipate in this organism;d-lysine was considerably less potent thandl- orl-lysine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178606
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of aeration and carbon source on production of microcin B17 by Escherichia coli ZK650 (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 47 (1997), S. 547-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Previous studies [Connell et al. (1987) Mol Microbiol 1: 195–201] have shown that expression of the microcin B17 (MccB17) promoter is inversely related to the growth rate of the culture, when slower growth was brought about by limitation of sources of carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus. When we used oxygen limitation to decrease growth in a glucose-based chemically defined medium, we found specific MccB17 production to be positively related to growth rate and extent. On the other hand, when we examined various nutritional variations of media, specific production of MccB17 showed a negative relationship to growth rate and extent, as would be predicted by the findings of Connell et al. (1987). Glucose, glycerol and acetate were found to repress MccB17 production; succinate was not repressive. Succinate is an excellent carbon source for production of MccB17 since high levels can be used with no or little interference in product synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050971
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of amino acids on rapamycin biosynthesis by Streptomyces hygroscopicus (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 43 (1995), S. 1096-1098 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract In a chemically defined medium containing aspartate, arginine and histidine to support good growth, addition of L-lysine stimulated rapamyycin production by 150%. This was probably due to its conversion to pipecolic acid, a rapamycin precursor. Phenylalanine and methionine interfered in rapamycin production by unknown mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00166931
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary metabolism in simulated microgravity: β-lactam production by Streptomyces clavuligerus (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 18 (1997), S. 22-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: simulated microgravity; gravity; β-lactam antibiotics; Streptomyces clavuligerus; space microbiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Rotating bioreactors designed at NASA’s Johnson Space Center were used to simulate a microgravity environment in which to study secondary metabolism. The system examined was β-lactam antibiotic production by Streptomyces clavuligerus. Both growth and β-lactam production occurred in simulated microgravity. Stimulatory effects of phosphate and L-lysine, previously detected in normal gravity, also occurred in simulated microgravity. The degree of β-lactam antibiotic production was markedly inhibited by simulated microgravity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900345
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence of nitrogen- and phosphorus-regulation of β-lactam antibiotic production byStreptomyces clavuligerus on aeration level (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1995), S. 407-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: nitrogen regulation ; phosphorus regulation ; cephamycin ; secondary metabolism ; antibiotics ; Streptomyces clavuligerus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Interference with β-lactam production inStreptomyces clavuligerus by ammonium and phosphate ions, normally observed with optimum levels of aeration, was eliminated by restriction of the air supply. Under such a restriction, ammonium slightly stimulated and phosphate markedly stimulated β-lactam antibiotic production. These are rare examples of ‘regulation reversal’ by an environmental modification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569965
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gramicidin S Production by Bacillus brevis in Simulated Microgravity (1997)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 34 (1997), S. 199 -204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In a continuing study of microbial secondary metabolism in simulated microgravity, we have examined gramicidin S (GS) production by Bacillus brevis strain Nagano in NASA High Aspect Rotating Vessels (HARVs), which are designed to simulate some aspects of microgravity. Growth and GS production were found to occur under simulated microgravity. When performance under simulated microgravity was compared with that under normal gravity conditions in the bioreactors, GS production was found to be unaffected by simulated microgravity. The repressive effect of glycerol in flask fermentations was not observed in the HARV. Thus the negative effect of glycerol on specific GS formation is dependent on shear and/or vessel geometry, not gravity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002849900168
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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