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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel synthesis of microcrystalline titanium(IV) oxide having high thermal stability and ultra-high photocatalytic activity: thermal decomposition of titanium(IV) alkoxide in organic solvents (1997)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 46 (1997), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Thermal decomposition of titanium(IV) tetra-tert-butoxide (TTB) in inert organic solvents at 573 K yielded microcrystalline anatase (titanium(IV) oxide, TiO2) powders with a crystallite size of ca. 9 nm and a surface area of 〈100 m2 g-1. Primary and secondary alkoxides of titanium(IV), however, were not decomposed under similar conditions, indicating that the thermal stability of C-O bonds in the alkoxides was a decisive factor for their decomposition. The TiO2 prepared from TTB by this manner was thermally stable upon calcination in air and retained high surface area of ca. 100 m2 g-1 even after calcination at 823 K. The as-prepared TiO2 powders, without calcination, exhibited much higher rate of carbon dioxide formation than any other active photocatalysts such as Degussa P-25 and Ishihara ST-01 in the photocatalytic mineralization of acetic acid in aerated aqueous solutions. The higher activity of the present TiO2 photocatalysts is attributed to both high crystallinity and large surface of the present product. The calcination of the as-prepared TiO2 in air reduced the photocatalytic activity, but it was still higher than the other commercially available TiO2's.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019022719479
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia requiring pre-operative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 14 (1998), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Congenital diaphragmatic hernia  ; Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation  ;  Pulmonary ; hypoplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this report was to analyze the patients requiring preoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as the most critical group of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and to identify any special features. Over the past 11 years, out of 72 neonates with CDH admitted before 24 h of age, 40 (56%) could be managed with conventional therapies while the other 32 (44%) required ECMO. Seventeen infants requiring preoperative ECMO were classified as group 1, and the 15 with postoperative ECMO as group 2 (controls). The records of patients in both groups were analyzed. Patients in group 1 were not only severely hypoxic, but also significantly hypercapneic on admission, and in 14 (82%) the diaphragmatic defect was so large or totally agenetic that a prosthetic patch was necessary. The average age at onset of ECMO in group 1 was 13.1 h, and the average duration was 159 h. Major hemorrhagic complications including intracranial hemorrhage occurred with a significantly higher frequency in group 1. The survival rate in group 1 was 41%, compared with 73% in group 2 and 85% in non-ECMO patients. Four infants in group 1 with extremely hypoplastic lungs could not be weaned from ECMO, and died without undergoing an operation. Moreover, 4 of the 7 survivors in group 1 required prolonged (105–658 days) ventilator care with a tracheostomy after weaning from ECMO, and were frequently hospitalized thereafter. The pulmonary function of these patients remained severely underdeveloped for a long time; indeed, the average pulmonary perfusion ratio of the affected side remained at only 40% of the contralateral side in group 1, although the volume ratio reached 85%. These findings may suggest that the main pathology of the patients requiring preoperative ECMO was a high degree of pulmonary hypoplasia, and that there will be limitations to management using ECMO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050428
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein gene-product 9.5 in developing mouse circumvallate papilla: comparison with neuron-specific enolase and calcitonin gene-related peptide (1996)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 194 (1996), S. 365-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; Circumvallate papilla ; Taste buds ; Innervation ; Protein gene-product 9.5 ; Neuron-specific enolase ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was made to investigate the ontogeny of protein gene-product 9.5 (PGP 9.5)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) in the developing mouse circumvallate papilla (CVP), and its distribution was compared to that of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). In adult CVP, PGP 9.5-LI was observed in the subgemmal nerve plexus; some thin PGP 9.5-like immunoreactive (-IR) nerve fibers penetrated taste buds and apical epithelium. PGP 9.5-LI was also observed in the spindle-shaped cells in taste buds, and a small number of round- or oval-shaped ganglionic cells in the lamina propria. The distribution of NSE-LI was comparable to that of PGP 9.5-LI. CGRP-LI was observed in the nerve fibers only; distribution of CGRP-IR nerve fibers was similar to that of PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers, although the number of CGRP-IR nerve fibers was smaller than that of PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers. At least six developmental stages were defined with regard to the developmental changes in the distribution of PGP 9.5-LI from embryonic day (E) 12 to adulthood: Stage I (E12–13) — a dense nerve plexus of PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers was detected in the lamina propria beneath the core of newly-formed papilla. Stage II (E14–16) — thin PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers penetrated the apical epithelium, and a few round-shaped cells in the apical epithelium also displayed PGP 9.5-LI. Stage III (E17–18) — thin PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers penetrated the inner lateral epithelium of the trench. Stage IV [Postnatal day (P) 0–3] many PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers penetrated the outer lateral epithelium of the trench; later in this stage, taste buds appeared. Stage V (P5–10) — a small number of PGP 9.5 IR cells in the taste buds appeared, and their number increased gradually. Stage VI (PI4-adult) — the number of PGP 9.5-IR taste cells increased and reached the adult level, while the number of PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers decreased. The development of NSE-LI was similar to that of PGP 9.5-LI. CGRP-IR nerve fibers were detected at E12 in the lamina propria, and the development of the intraepithelial CGRP-IR nerve fibers was similar to that of PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers. The present results indicate that invasion by nerve fibers of the epithelium of lingual papillae occurs in a complex manner, and that these nerve fibers may participate in the formation of the taste buds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198538
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High crossability of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch) with bread wheat and the differential elimination of barley chromosomes in the hybrids (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1203-1209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Hordeum spontaneum ; Triticum aestivum Crossability ; Chromosome elimination ; C-banding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, ‘Aobakomugi’, ‘Chinese Spring’, ‘Norin 61’ and ‘Shinchunaga’, were pollinated with five barley lines/cultivars consisting of three cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines, ‘Betzes’, ‘Kinai 5’ and OHL089, and two wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch) lines, OUH602 and OUH324. Crossability, expressed as the percentage of embryo formation, varied from 0 to 55.4% among the cross combinations. The two wild barley lines generally had a higher crossability than the previously reported best pollinator, ‘Betzes’, and some Japanese wheat cultivars were better as the female parent than ‘Chinese Spring’. Ninety four hybrid plants were obtained from 250 embryos cultured, and their somatic chromosome numbers ranged from 21 to 36. Eighteen plants were mosaic in chromosome number. Twenty one-chromosome plants appeared most frequently (45.7%) followed by 28-chromosome plants (14.9%). C-banding analysis revealed that elimination of barley chromosomes was mainly responsible for the occurrence of aneuploid plants. In hypoploids derived from ‘Betzes’-crosses, chromosome 5 was preferentially eliminated as previously reported, while in hypoploids derived from OUH602-crosses, chromosome 4 was preferentially eliminated. The wild barley line OUH602 may be a useful parent for producing a new wheat-barley addition set because of its high crossability with wheat and a different pattern of chromosome elimination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220930
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The RHC21 gene of budding yeast, a homologue of the fission yeast rad21 +gene, is essential for chromosome segregation (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 257 (1998), S. 149-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Chromosome segregation ; Nocodazole ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene RHC21 is a homologue of the fission yeast rad21 +gene, which affects the sensitivity of cells to γ-irradiation and is essential for cell growth in S. pombe. Disruption of the RHC21 gene showed that it is also essential in S. cerevisiae. To examine its function in cell growth further, we have isolated temperature-sensitive mutants for the RHC21 gene and characterized one of them, termed rhc21-sk16. When this mutant was incubated at 36° C, the percentage of large-budded cells was increased. Most of the large-budded cells had aberrant nuclear structures, such as unequally extended nuclear DNA with incompletely elongated spindles across the mother-daughter neck or only in a mother cell. Furthermore, a circular minichromosome is more unstable in the mutant than in the wild-type, even at 25° C. Flow cytometry showed that the bulk of DNA replication takes place normally at the restrictive temperature in the mutant. These results indicated that the RHC21 gene is required for proper segregation of the chromosomes. In addition, we found that the mutant is sensitive not only to UV radiation and γ-rays but also to the antimicrotubule agent nocodazole at 25° C. This suggests that the RHC21 gene is involved in the microtubule function. We discuss how the RHC21 gene product may be involved in chromosome segregation and microtubule function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050634
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Budding yeast Rad50, Mre11, Xrs2, and Hdf1, but not Rad52, are involved in the formation of deletions on a dicentric plasmid (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 255 (1997), S. 543-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words DNA end-joining ; Illegitimate recombination ; Double-strand break repair ; rad50 ; hdf1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have previously shown that the RAD50, RAD52, MRE11, XRS2, and HDF1 genes of Saccharomyces cervisiae are involved in the formation of deletions by illegitimate recombination on a monocentric plasmid. In this study, we investigated the effects of mutations of these genes on formation of deletions of a dicentric plasmid, in which DNA double-strand breaks are expected to occur frequently because the two centromeres are pulled to opposite poles in mitosis. We transformed yeast cells with a dicentric plasmid, and after incubation for a few division cycles, cells carrying deleted plasmids were detected using negative selection markers. Deletions occurred at a higher frequency than on the monocentric plasmid and there were short regions of homology at the recombination junctions as observed on the monocentric plasmid. In rad50, mre11, xrs2, and hdf1 mutants, the frequency of occurrence of deletions was reduced by about 50-fold, while in the rad52 mutant, it was comparable to that in the wild-type strain. The end-joining functions of Rad50, Mre11, Xrs2, and Hdf1, suggest that these proteins play important roles in the joining of DNA ends produced on the dicentric plasmid during mitosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050527
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