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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-probe X-ray microanalysis of magnesium and sodium ion content in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats (1999)
    Springer
    The international journal of angiology 8 (1999), S. 70-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-5939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Whereas in blood cells decreased magnesium concentrations and increased sodium concentrations in essential hypertension have often been described, only sparse data exist on cellular magnesium or sodium content in vascular smooth muscle cells. Therefore, in aortic smooth muscle cells from seven spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Münster strain and seven normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), the intracellular magnesium and sodium content were measured by electron-probe X-ray microanalysis. Measurements were performed in aortic cryosections 3 µm thick. The magnesium ion content was 0.93±0.17 g/kg dry weight in SHR vs 1.14±0.12 g/kg dry weight in WKY (p〈0.05). Vascular smooth muscle sodium ion content was measured at 6.85±0.59 g/kg dry weight in WKY and 12.47±1.62 g/kg dry weight in SHR (p〈0.05). In conclusion, aortic smooth muscle cells from SHR are characterized by a markedly lowered intracellular magnesium ion content and increased sodium ion concentrations compared with normotensive cells. The results may be due to genetically determined disturbances in transmembrane magnesium and sodium ion transport. Cellular magnesium and sodium handling may be disturbed in SHR aortic smooth muscle as it is in hypertensive blood cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01616848
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exercised Voice as Management Failure: Implications of Willing Compliance Theories of Management and Individualism for De Facto Employee Voice (1998)
    Springer
    Employee responsibilities and rights journal 11 (1998), S. 263-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3378
    Keywords: employee voice ; Chester Barnard ; Herbert Simon ; individualism ; reprisal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The advantages of employee voice for organizations and individuals are well known, but in practice those who exercise voice sometimes face serious sanctions. Tensions surrounding voice are rooted in tacit presumptions of willing compliance embedded in influential theories of management, particularly the works of Chester Barnard and Herbert Simon and those who follow their traditions. Employees who exercise voice demonstrate that management has failed to secure willing compliance, action which managers may take as personal affront. The individualism prevalent in the U.S. may exacerbate managerial tendencies to respond negatively and emotionally to those who exercise voice. Reprisals lead to self-censorship, limit de facto voice and restrict crucial organizational feedback. In addition to being valued as a right and a source of important organizational feedback, employee voice needs to be considered as an ongoing struggle within organizations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1027396525970
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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