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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of reaction rate by asymmetric two-state noise (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 3349-3356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We revisit the far from equilibrium escape problem across a fluctuating potential barrier that is driven by asymmetric, unbiased dichotomous noise. Our closed analytical solution for arbitrary noise strengths reveals new aspects of the so-called "resonant-activation" effect and leads to interesting implications regarding far from equilibrium or externally controlled chemical reaction processes. Specifically, a genuine asymmetry-induced variant of resonant activation within the constant intensity scaling scheme is discovered, and a new possibility to manipulate reaction rates and yields, as well as the balance between reactants and products, is put forward. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479619
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of internal strains in nanocrystalline Pd studied by x-ray diffraction (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 7186-7192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Internal strains in cluster-compacted nanocrystalline Pd (crystallite size 10–20 nm) were studied by means of wide-angle x-ray scattering. The strain- and size-induced broadening of the Bragg diffraction peaks was determined by Hall or Warren–Averbach analyses. The Warren–Averbach analysis indicates a spatial confinement of internal strain fields. This result supports theoretical models according to which the sources of the stresses are located in the interfaces between the crystallites. Indirect further evidence for a stress localization is derived from recent findings on the variation of internal strains and atomic displacements with the crystallite size. In addition, an anisotropy of the line broadening was observed which cannot entirely be attributed to planar defects (maximum concentration 0.04) but indicates enhanced microstrains in the crystallographic 〈100〉 directions compared to the 〈111〉 directions. Based on this strain anisotropy, various distributions of microstresses are discussed taking into account the substantial elastic anisotropy of Pd. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365307
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High speed conversion of infrared images with a planar gas discharge system (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 3960-3965 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The speed of conversion of infrared (IR) images by a planar semiconductor gas discharge system into the visible range has been investigated. Argon or nitrogen are used in the discharge gap having an electrode distance of 100 μm. Using pulse radiation from an IR laser to excite the system, we have shown that the characteristic response time of the device with the cryogenic discharge in the gap can lie in the submicrosecond range. This characteristic of the system can be applied for a fast IR imaging at a rate higher than 106 frame/s. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370297
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic and Debye shielding and anti-shielding (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1820-1826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: While shielding in collisional plasmas obeys the standard Debye result, shielding in collisionless plasmas is far more complex than commonly believed. For example, a one-dimensional (highly magnetized), immobile-ion plasma can, in some circumstances, anti-shield a positive test charge; i.e. the plasma becomes more positive in the vicinity of the test charge. When shielding does occur, it results from electrons dynamically trapped in the neighborhood of the test charge. A new theory of collisionless (Dynamic) shielding in one, two and three dimensions is presented here, and is in excellent agreement with experiments in pure electron plasmas. Because the distribution functions found in Dynamic shielding are highly non-Maxwellian in the non-linear regime, collisionless Dynamic shielding can be substantially less efficacious than collisional Debye shielding. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871685
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum features of Brownian motors and stochastic resonance (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 8 (1998), S. 629-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigate quantum Brownian motion sustained transport in both, adiabatically rocked ratchet systems and quantum stochastic resonance (QSR). Above a characteristic crossover temperature T0 tunneling events are rare; yet they can considerably enhance the quantum-noise-driven particle current and the amplification of signal output in comparison to their classical counterparts. Below T0 tunneling prevails, thus yielding characteristic novel quantum transport phenomena. For example, upon approaching T=0 the quantum current in Brownian motors exhibits a tunneling-induced reversal, and tends to a finite limit, while the classical result approaches zero without such a change of sign. As a consequence, similar current inversions generated by quantum effects follow upon variation of the particle mass or of its friction coefficient. Likewise, in this latter regime of very low temperatures the tunneling dynamics becomes increasingly coherent, thus suppressing the semiclassically predicted QSR. Moreover, nonadiabatic driving may cause driving-induced coherences and quantized resonant transitions with no classical analog. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.166345
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct comparison of the pressure-induced band-gap shifts in cubic and hexagonal GaN (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 2971-2973 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-temperature photoluminescence measurements are performed simultaneously on cubic (zinc blende) and hexagonal (wurtzite) gallium nitride at hydrostatic pressures up to 11.9 GPa. The linear pressure coefficient of the band gap of hexagonal GaN is found to be (0.94±0.04) meV/GPa larger than that of cubic GaN. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368433
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conductance quantization above 30 K in GaAlAs shallow-etched quantum point contacts smoothly joined to the background 2DEG (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 607-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electrical characteristics of shallow etched GaAs/GaAlAs quantum point contacts (QPCs) of various shapes have been studied as a function of temperature above 0.3 K. Quantized conductance was observed up to 36 K, and from the temperature dependence of the conductance staircase we find energy separations between the lowest one-dimensional subbands up to 20 meV. This value exceeds the highest values so far reported for laterel QPC constrictions in GaAs/GaAlAs heterostructures. In addition, very well behaved quantized conductance plateaus were observed at the lowest temperatures. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366724
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free excitons with n=2 in bulk GaN (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 948-949 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The direct observation of free A, B, and C excitons with n=2 in hexagonal bulk gallium nitride (GaN) by two-photon spectroscopy is reported. From these data, the band gaps, exciton binding energies, and hole masses for the three uppermost valence bands are calculated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119697
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current carrying capability of multifilamentary (BiPb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes determined from transport and magnetization measurements (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 3287-3289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic field dependence of the critical current IC(B) and the remanent magnetization of several multifilamentary (BiPb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox tapes were measured. The low field behavior of IC(B) is interpreted by the self-field effect, whereas at higher fields, the field dependence for all tapes was found to be identical except for a constant factor. Although self-field transport critical current densities jC0 differed widely for the tapes, the intergranular critical current densities determined from remanent magnetization were found to be equal. The results indicate that the reduction of jC0 by macroscopic defects is an important factor, whereas locally the filaments are of high quality. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120314
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of 290 fs laser pulses by self-seeding and soliton compression (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 2530-2532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Self-seeding with subsequent chirp compensation presents a simple way to generate pulses of a few picoseconds width tunable over more than 30 nm. Further compression of the laser pulses exploiting nonlinear effects in optical fibers (soliton compression) allows the generation of laser pulses with a full width at half maximum of less than 300 fs. Application of these pulses in an electro-optical sampling system is demonstrated. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125067
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