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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrodeposition of ultrathin magnetic films of Fe and Co : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 3915-3917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We electrodeposited ultrathin magnetic Fe and Co films on Cu(001) crystals from an aqueous 0.3 M Na2SO4/(Fe or Co)SO4 electrolyte in a newly developed electrochemical cell. A deposition procedure of Fe from an organic electrolyte of propylene carbonate has been additionally developed to prevent the significant H2 evolution during the Fe deposition from an aqueous electrolyte. Fe films of more than 8 monolayer (ML) thickness show the easy magnetization axis in plane. The saturation magnetization correlates linearly with the film thickness. In the thickness range between 2 and 8 ML, the easy magnetization axis is in the [001] direction. No magnetization is observed in films with thickness of less than 2 ML. Co films show in-plane magnetization with square hysteresis loops and a linear correlation of the saturation magnetization and film thickness above 2 ML. The magnetization vanishes at coverages of less than 1.5 ML as known from molecular beam epitaxy grown films. The coercive field of the Co films varies approximately linearly from 0.9 mT at 2.5 ML to 25 mT at 51 ML film thickness. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364701
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laminar and Arch Fractures with Dural Tear and Nerve Root Entrapment in Patients Operated upon for Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Injuries (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 114-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Spine fractures; lamina fracture; dural tear; root entrapment; neurological deficit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Objective: To determine the neurological outcome in patients with laminar fractures associated with dural tears and nerve root entrapment, operated upon for thoracic and lumbar spine injuries. Patient population: Out of 103 patients operated upon consecutively for thoracic and lumbar spine injuries during the period 1990 to 1994 inclusive, 24 (23.3%) patients had laminar fractures out of whom 3 (2.9%) had an associated dural tear and an other 17 (16.5% or 70.8% of the total patients with laminar fractures) had an associated dural tear and nerve root entrapment. Results: Twelve (70.5%) patients had injury at the thoraculumbar junction, 13 (76.5%) had Magerl's type A3 or above, 10 (58.8) had a kyphotic angle deformity greater than 5°. Seven (41.1%) had their spinal canal's sagittal diameter reduced by at least 50% and two had dislocations. Nine (52.9%) had initial neurological deficits. Four (50%) out of 8 patients with no initial neurological deficits (Frankel E) worsened to Frankel D. However, one patient among the 3 with initial Frankel A improved to Frankel C while both patients with initial Frankel C usefully improved to final Frankel grades D and E respectively. Two of the four patients with initial Frankel D improved to Frankel E, the other 2 remaining unchanged. All in all five patients' neurological status improved, 4 worsened and 8 remained unchanged after neurosurgical treatment. Conclusions: Vertical laminar fractures with dural tears and nerve root entrapment represent a special group of thoracic and lumbar spine injuries that carry a poor prognosis. However, special operative precautions lead to significant improvement in some of them although a majority remain unchanged or even worsened.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050071
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiological Investigations and Intra-operative Evoked Potentials for the Diagnosis of Nerve Root Avulsion: Evaluation of Both Modalities by Intradural Root Inspection (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 527-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Brachial plexus injuries; intradural inspection; CT-myelography; intra-operative electrophysiology.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  Fourteen patients with traumatic brachial plexus injuries underwent intradural inspection of cervical nerve roots to evaluate radiological and intra-operative electrophysiological findings concerning cervical nerve root avulsion from the spinal cord. Four neurosurgeons of our department assessed independently from each other both myelography and CT-myelography concerning intradural nerve root lesions. Each neurosurgeon assessed a total of 26 cervical nerve roots. Two investigators assessed 6/26 and 2 investigators 7/26 nerve roots falsely concerning ventral or/and dorsal root lesions compared with the findings on intradural inspection (23% and 27% false findings). There was a considerable variance concerning the assessibility and findings among the 4 neurosurgeons. Reconstructive surgery was performed after a mean interval of 6.5 months following trauma and 2 weeks following intradural inspection. After exposure of the brachial plexus and the cervical nerve roots in question via a ventral approach, 13 cervical nerve roots were stimulated electrically close to the neuroforamen and cortical evoked potentials (root-SEPs) were recorded from the contralateral postcentral region. All 5 roots with SEPs were intact (no root lesion) and all 8 roots without SEPs showed interrupted (ventral or/and dorsal) rootlets on intradural inspection. Our results demonstrate that false radiological findings concerning root lesions are possible. Intra-operative root-SEPs seem to be a useful aid for evaluation of cervical nerve root lesions. However, more electrophysiological data are necessary to ascertain, if this modality is able to replace intradural inspection in unclear radiological cases in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050136
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformers and Rotamers of (±)-trans-2,3-Bis(2-naphthyl)-15-crown-5 and -18-crown-6 and Their Alkali Metal Complexes (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 403-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Conformation analysis ; Dynamic NMR spectroscopy ; Crown compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The conformations of (±)-trans-2,3-Bis(1-naphthyl)-15-crown-5 (1) and -18-crown-6 (2) are investigated by MM2 and dynamic 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The most stable conformation is the diequatorial one in both the free ligands and the alkali metal complexes 1 · NaClO4 and 2 · KClO4. Three rotamers, pseudo-aa, pseudo-ee, and pseudo-ae, with respect to the spatial arrangement of the naphthyl groups, were found as calculated minima by MM2 and experimentally by low-temperature NMR, with fair agreement of the rotational barriers. In the cation-reinforced crowns the rotation rates are significantly diminished. The distribution of the rotamers depends on the size of the crown and its state, free or complexed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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