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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 2648-2650 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Irradiation of polytetrafluoroethylene films with vacuum UV light in an ammonia gas atmosphere resulted in a hydrophilic surface, where abstraction of fluorine atoms, and introduction of nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms occurred. We used Kr2* and Xe2* excimer lamps at wavelength of 146 and 172 nm, respectively. The reaction mechanism for chemical surface modification is discussed on the basis of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. 605-610 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.15.Fg; 82.50.Fv; 82.80.Ch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Ablation of pentafluorophenylazide (FPA) in an Ar matrix at 8–10 K was carried out upon irradiation with ns-pulsed UV lasers in a vacuum. The plume of ablated products was monitored by a time-resolved imaging/spectroscopic technique using a gated and intensified CCD camera system. A large amount of pentafluorophenylnitrene (FPN) having a high kinetic energy (≈6 eV) was ejected as fragments from the matrix film during ablation. A quantitative formation of triplet FPN from the photolysis of the FPA was observed by spectroscopic measurements in the IR and UV-visible regions, and was confirmed by a theoretical IR spectrum calculated according to density functional theory. A FPN beam is useful for chemical surface modification of organic materials, such as aromatic polyester and alkylthiol. A surface analysis of these materials by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy showed that the FPN was immobilized onto the surface through chemical bonds. This technique for the chemical surface modification of materials is made possible by a pulsed beam of reactive fragments with a high density in the laser ablation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. S145 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 79.20.Ds; 82.50.Fv; 82.80.Ch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Ablation of pentafluorophenylazide (FPA) on an Ag plate at 10 K was carried out upon irradiation with a ns-pulsed UV laser at 248 nm in vacuum. The plume of ablated products was monitored by a time-resolved imaging/spectroscopic technique using a time-gated and intensified CCD camera system. The emission spectrum of the plume at gate times of between 1.0 and 2.0 μs after the laser irradiation was attributed to blackbody radiation. The blackbody temperature upon irradiation at 100 mJ cm-2 pulse-1 was estimated to be 2900 K. This high-temperature emission is explained by an exothermic reaction of FPA photolysis, which was supported by a theoretical calculation of formation enthalpy based on density functional theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 79.20; 81.05Lg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The KrF laser ablation of polyarylsulfone (PAS) was investigated for fluences between 90 and 200 mJ/cm2. Neutral fragments were probed using laser post ionization (193 nm) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry. Decomposition of PAS was found to occur mainly through scission of C-S and C-O bonds as well as via decomposition of the phenylene rings in the chain. The dependencies of both the flight velocities and the Knudsen layer temperature of the fragments on fluence suggest that PAS ablation is a photothermal process. In contrast, the high average translational energies (up to a few tens of eV) indicate the existence of a non-thermal component in the process. In terms of the plume dynamics, the fitting of the arrival profiles of the fragments with a shifted Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution over the full fluence range indicates the existence of a collision during the adiabatic expansion process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.55; 81.15
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 68 (1999), S. 111-113 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 42.62; 81.40; 81.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: 2 and an acetone solution containing pyrene at a concentration of 0.4 mol/dm3. The threshold fluence was 240 mJ/cm2, which is about one-fortieth lower than that obtained with conventional KrF laser ablation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 67 (1998), S. 607-612 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.65.Cf; 82.30.Lp; 81.05.Lg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: 2 . Major peaks were assigned to direct fragments and recombination products ejected from the PS surface. The arrival profiles of these ablation products varied from product to product and were fitted by using a shifted Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution with a center-of-mass flight velocity [(1.4-5.6) ×105 cm/s] and a Knudsen layer temperature (350–3810 K). Two types of ablation products, whose velocities and temperatures showed different dependences on laser fluence, were found to exist. Dynamical aspects in the decomposition of the polymer chain, the ejection of various fragments, and their expansion are discussed on the basis of a photothermal ablation model, where a heated surface layer with a temperature gradient along its depth plays an important role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. S271 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 42.62; 81.40; 81.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We fabricated a well-defined pattern of lines and spaces on the surface of a quartz crystal plate (c-SiO2) with micron-sized features, using laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE). The line patterns obtained using LIBWE showed a high aspect ratio of about 3. The etch rates of fused silica (a-SiO2) ranged from 5 to 25 nm/pulse with KrF laser irradiation from 0.4–1.3 J/cm2. Threshold fluences for a-SiO2 and c-SiO2 were 0.23 and 0.34 J/cm2, respectively. The single-pulse etch depth was not affected by the repetition rates of laser pulses from 1–50 Hz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.60; 42.10; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  The threshold fluence, F Th, of ablation of a triazeno-polymer was measured in the low fluence range for thin films using conventional UV-spectroscopy. It was found that there is a clearly defined F Th for 308 nm irradiation between 20 and 25 mJ cm-2. In the case of 248 nm irradiation, a “threshold fluence range” between 16 and 32 mJ cm-2 was found. The ablation rate for both irradiation wavelengths depends on film-thickness. For the XeCl excimer-laser, the point at which the rate becomes independent of thickness was observed to lie at a value which did not correspond to the calculated laser penetration depth, whereas for the KrF laser the independence was not reached within the applied thickness range (up to 0.35 μm). Additional transmission measurements have been performed showing that the target transmission at 248 nm increases only slightly, whereas for 308 nm the transmission increases by a factor of approximately 4. This result shows that dynamic target absorption properties are very important for describing the ablation process. The results derived from the transmission studies and etch rates were analyzed theoretically with a two-level model of chromophore absorption. For 248 nm irradiation this model can describe the transmission behavior and the ablation rate. In the case of 308 nm irradiation, it was only possible to match one data set. A good agreement with the experimental transmission ratio does not match the ablation rate and vice versa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 81.60 ; 42.10 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The threshold fluence,F Th, of ablation of a triazeno-polymer was measured in the low fluence range for thin films using conventional UV-spectroscopy. It was found that there is a clearly definedF Th for 308 nm irradiation between 20 and 25 mJ cm−2. In the case of 248 nm irradiation, a “threshold fluence range” between 16 and 32 MJ cm−2 was found. The ablation rate for both irradiation wavelengths depends on film-thickness. For the XeCl excimer-laser, the point at which the rate becomes independent of thickness was observed to lie at a value which did not correspond to the calculated laser penetration depth, whereas for the KrF laser the independence was not reached within the applied thickness range (up to 0.35 μm). Additional transmission measurements have been performed showing that the target transmission at 248 nm increases only slightly, whereas for 308 nm the transmission increases by a factor of approximately 4. This result shows that dynamic target absorption properties are very important for describing the ablation process. The results derived from the transmission studies and etch rates were analyzed theoretically with a two-level model of chromophore absorption. For 248 nm irradiation this model can describe the transmission behavior and the ablation rate. In the case of 308 nm irradiation, it was only possible to match one data set. A good agreement with the experimental transmission ratio does not match the ablation rate and vice versa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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