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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boundary condition effects on field-induced deformation modes in polymer dispersed liquid crystals (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1170-1172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electric field-induced deformation modes, which are considered one of the causes of the hysteresis in the V-T response of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), were investigated. We constructed model PDLC cells with varied alignment treatments at the interface of the liquid crystal droplets. The electric field-induced deformation modes of the liquid crystals in the model cells were analyzed by polarized microscope observations. Our results suggested a possible way to hysteresis-free PDLC devices. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121003
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Driving voltage of reflective cholesteric liquid crystal displays (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 7511-7516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The reflective cholesteric texture mode between planar and homeotropic textures, which can achieve a high contrast ratio, needs to be coupled with an active matrix drive scheme such as a method using thin film transistors. In this article, the threshold voltage of the cholesteric–nematic phase transition, an important characteristic related to the requirements of active matrix drive schemes, is discussed. We investigated the role of the cell gap in determining the reflectance, and studied the effects of varying the nematic liquid crystal and chiral component of the cholesteric mixture. The cell gap needs to be optimized for lower threshold voltage and higher reflectance. The chiral component and the nematic liquid crystal both have a strong effect on the threshold voltage. On the basis of these results, novel chiral materials are proposed. This study demonstrates that some of these materials successfully contribute to the reduction of the threshold voltage. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370546
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experiment on ant predation in soil using a new bait trap method (1996)
    Springer
    Ecological research 11 (1996), S. 11-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1703
    Keywords: ants ; bait trap ; biological community ; invertebrates ; predation ; soil-dwelling animal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To examine which species of ant are underground predators, we invented a simple bait trap using live mealworms as bait. A total of 75 bait traps were buried in soil at various depths (10, 20, 30 and 50 cm) to investigate the vertical distribution of predatory ants. The ants captured in approximately 50% of the traps were mostlyTetramorium caespitum andSolenopsis japonica. Solenopsis japonica was captured at greater depths (〉30 m) thanT. caespitum. Eight kinds of soil invertebrate (the earthworm, wood louse, pill bug, millipede, adults of the dung beetle and carabid beetle, larvae of a cetoniine beetle and the earwig), placed in traps at a depth of 10 cm, varied greatly in attractiveness and vulnerability to ant predation. The earthworm and the wood louse were both attractive and vulnerable to ant predation, whereas the pill bug, the dung beetle and the millipede were attractive but not vulnerable. The larvae of a cetoniine beetle, the carabid beetle and the earwig were mostly unattractive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02347815
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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